LOS PROGRAMAS SOCIALES RUMBO A LA GOBERNABILIDAD LOCAL

El estudio de los Programas Sociales como instrumentos del gobierno para la Gobernabilidad Local es fundamental, tomando en cuenta el papel que juega el Estado y la Administración Pública para la atención y solución de las demandas que surgen en la sociedad. Para tal efecto se aborda la definición del Estado y la Administración Pública, esto con la finalidad de entender la funcionalidad que cada uno de ellos representa, después se revisa con claridad a la Gobernabilidad Local y posteriormente se hace énfasis al impacto que generan los Programas Sociales específicamente en el Municipio de Jaltenco, en el Estado de México en la administración 2009-2012. Con esto se pretende identificar los aspectos esenciales, así como el contenido que emprende cada uno, para que con esto se forjen mejores condiciones de vida, generando respuesta a las demandas que presenta la sociedad mediante la implementación de políticas sociales que probablemente permitan superar los rezagos de pobreza

Escriure i mercadejar a la Baixa Edat Mitjana "Navigare necesse [est]..."

This article ties the expansion of the Mediterranean and Catalan prosperity to the growth, the changes and the maturing of the society in all aspects (politically, socially, culturally...) Two of the groups that illustrate the growth well and the changes that were taking place in Barcelona society are the craftsmen and craftswomen, liberal professionals and the merchants. The article relates the changes of the XIVth Century to the increase of the capacity to read and write of the men and women of these social groups. The books of accounts of two members of a Barcelona family of merchants and ships’s copyist of the XIVth Century, the Tarascó, are the testimony of the extension of “a functional” literacy, limited and closely together with the profession, work and religious practice. These and other private sources allow for the appreciation of the diffusion of writing. The people of the world of commerce and the sea are very conscious of the decisive value of writing not only for their professional activity, but also because it allows them to make note of, in order to be able, later on, to remember: desires, interests and preoccupations. The article, finally, offers a hypothesis of documentary genesis of books of mercantile accounts

Effects of Reserve Requirements in an Inflation Targeting Regime: The Case of Colombia

The Colombian economy and financial system have coped reasonably well with the effects of the global financial crisis. Hence, "unconventional" policy measures have not been at the center of the policy decisions and discussions. Nominal short term interest rates have remained the main monetary policy tool and "Quantitative easing" measures have not been central in the policy response. The one "unconventional" monetary instrument used by the Central Bank in Colombia has been changes in reserve requirements (RR) on financial system deposits. Interestingly, they were adopted before the global financial crisis, as a reaction to domestic credit conditions. The effects of RR on interest rate and interest rate pass-through in an inflation targeting regime are not as straightforward as those under a monetary targeting regime. Conceptually, those effects depend on the degree of substitution between deposits and central bank credit as sources of funds for banks and on the extent to which RR changes affect the risks facing banks. The empirical results for Colombia suggest that RR are important long run determinants of business loan interest rates and have been effective in strengthening the pass-through from policy to deposit and lending interest rates.Reserve Requirements, Inflation Targeting, Interest rate pass-through. Classification JEL: E51, E52, E58, G21.

La mecánica newtoniana en bachillerato. Diseño de problemas y evaluación de aprendizajes

Se presenta una investigación realizada en el campo de la Mecánica con alumnos de 1º Bachillerato trabajando con un modelo investigativo de resolución de problemas. Resolver las situaciones problemáticas diseñadas al efecto ha permitido comprobar la potencialidad del modelo para vencer la resistencia de las concepciones alternativas de los estudiantes en estos niveles educativos. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en relación al cambio conceptual y al aprendizaje de los procedimientos científicos implicados. La incidencia positiva en las actitudes constata la importancia de utilizar este tipo de metodologías que proporcionan a los alumnos herramientas útiles y contribuyen a la adquisición de una competencia básica: “aprender a aprender”, un objetivo relevante en sí mismo y un poderoso medio para conseguir alcanzar los demás objetivos educativos

Formation of Indoles, Dihydroisoquinolines and Dihydroquinolines by Ruthenium-Catalyzed Heterocyclizations

NOTICE: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Varela-Fernández, A., Varela, J. A., Saá, C. (2012). Formation of Indoles, Dihydroisoquinolines and Dihydroquinolines by Ruthenium-Catalyzed Heterocyclizations. Synthesis, 44, 21, 3285-3295. [doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1316539]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Thieme Terms and Conditions for self-archivingIndoles, dihydroisoquinolines and dihydroquinolines were efficiently prepared by ruthenium-catalyzed heterocyclizations of aromatic homo- and bis-homopropargyl amines/amides in the presence of an amine/ammonium base-acid pair. These regioselective 5- and 6-endo cyclizations most probably occur by nucleophilic trapping of key Ru vinylidene intermediates.We thank the MICINN [Project CTQ2011-28258, Consolider Ingenio 2010 (CSD2007-00006)], Xunta de Galicia and European Regional Development Fund (2007/XA084 and CN2011/054) for financial support. A. V.-F- thanks the USC for a predoctoral contractS

Increased Impulsivity following progressive nigral degenereation and chronic pramipexole treatment in an animal model of Parkinson's disease

Dopamine agonists (DA) that are widely used to treat motor deficits in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are frequently associated with the development of abnormal-impulsive behaviors (AIB). The pathophysiology of AIB is poorly understood and there is a need for reliable animal models. We have analyzed the behavior of parkinsonian (injection of adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) encoding for A53T mutated hα-syn in the substantia nigra compacta) and control (AAV- GFP expression) rats under chronic treatment with the D2/D3 receptor DA pramipexole (PPX) during 4 weeks, in OFF and ON medication states, using the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time-Task (5-CSRTT). Before PPX treatment, the dopaminergic lesion increased the premature responses rate (waiting impulsivity) that was further increased with PPX during the 4 weeks of treatment in ON medication state and that was significantly higher than in control rats. A similar pattern of changes was observed in the variables related to attention (reduced accuracy in the responses and increased omissions). Premature response rate before and after treatment (both in ON and OFF medication) were correlated. In turn, premature responses before treatment and in OFF correlated with the striatal dopaminergic depletion (Dopamine transporter (DAT) immunochemistry). No significant changes were observed in OFF medication state in premature responses rate respect to the pretreatment state. The striatal expression of FosB/ΔFosB inversely correlated with the DAT expression and was higher in the lateral region of both striata and in the shell and core of the nucleus accumbens in parkinsonian than in control rats. In conclusion, these results indicate that the dopaminergic lesion is a risk factor to develop abnormal impulsive behaviors in PD under DA treatment and that this model could be a valid tool to investigate the pathophysiology of AIB in PD (DFG11/019, PI11/02109).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

On the Adaptive Numerical Solution to the Darcy–Forchheimer Model †

Presented at the 4th XoveTIC Conference, A Coruña, Spain, 7–8 October 2021.[Abstract] We considered a primal-mixed method for the Darcy–Forchheimer boundary value problem. This model arises in fluid mechanics through porous media at high velocities. We developed an a posteriori error analysis of residual type and derived a simple a posteriori error indicator. We proved that this indicator is reliable and locally efficient. We show a numerical experiment that confirms the theoretical results.The authors acknowledge the support of CITIC (FEDER Program and grant ED431G 2019/01). The research of M.G. is partially supported by Xunta de Galicia Grant GRC ED431C 2018-033. The research of H.V. is partially supported by Ministerio de Educación grant FPU18/06125.Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/01Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2018-03

Assesing young learner's english materials

Nowadays all educational authorities in Europe are making an effort to teach foreign languages starting at very early ages. Teachers of English at nursery and pre-school levels used to produce their own materials, although in the last few years we have seen a flourishing amount of teaching methods and materials for young learners issued by every well-known publishing house. With this panorama in mind, the difficulty of the teacher’s task has changed from one side to the other, as some times it is not easy to decide which books children should or shouldn’t buy. Taking this need into consideration, in this paper we intend to study all the elements involved in the assessment of course books and supplementary materials for young learners and provide examples of evaluation templates. The analysis includes the physical format of coursebooks, the components of the methods the authors, their adequacy in terms of Ministry of Education requirements, and then, the contents taught with the underlying pedagogy. There are other elements such as audiovisual aids and educational software, also taken into consideration.En la actualidad todas las autoridades educativas europeas están realizando un gran esfuerzo para fomentar el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en edades tempranas. Los profesores de inglés en educación infantil solían usar en sus clases materiales de elaboración propia, aunque en los últimos años hemos presenciado un florecimiento de métodos y materiales destinados a este grupo de jóvenes aprendices, publicados por todas las editoriales de prestigio en EFL. Situados en este nuevo escenario, el profesorado se ha tenido que enfrentar con una nueva tarea, la de elegir los libros que las editoriales ponen a su alcance. En este artículo intentamos analizar todos los elementos que intervienen en la evaluación de libros de texto y materiales complementarios para niños de Educación Infantil y Primaria y proporcionar ejemplos de plantillas de evaluación. El análisis incluye el formato físico de los libros de texto y los componentes de los métodos, autores, su adecuación en función de los requerimientos del Ministerio de Educación y, además, los contenidos enseñados y la metodología empleada. Hay otros elementos como ayudas audiovisuales y software educativo que también se tienen en cuenta

Music and Creativity as Educational Strategies for Sociability. Group Dynamics with Students Pursuing Educational Degrees from the Francisco de Vitoria University in Madrid.

This research work deals with making use of resources related to musical instruction in order to generate strategies for achieving the following objectives: 1) establishing group interaction where cooperative relationships are defined and the roles and forms of leadership are distributed under the logic of group dynamics; 2) stimulating creativity related to musical improvisation based on producing simple sound and rhythmic structures; 3) achieving a state when students are capable of acquiring a musical experience, regardless of whether they have any academic training in conservatories or music schools. In order to achieve these objectives, we have applied such musical resources as percussion instruments (triangles, metallophones, tambourines, Chinese boxes, tom-toms...), proposed unconventional forms of musical notation and resorted to the use of percussion instruments from the Afro-Caribbean region (bongos, congas and timbales) as means for improvisation. In the latter instance, the aim is to generate group dynamics by use of resources linked to the art of sound. Stemming from a group vision of university education, the experience of a methodology centred on music is proposed as a means of provoking and arousing the dynamics of sociability, which is necessary for achieving integral formation for students.post-print1293 K