Una propuesta de intervención para un caso de retraso madurativo de un niño de dos años.

En este trabajo se plantea una propuesta de intervención para la adquisición de léxico funcional y autónomo, además de una mayor iniciativa para señalar o mantener contacto ocular y una mejoría de su sistema vestibular en cuanto al logro del equilibrio en determinadas posturas. Dicha propuesta va dirigida a un niño de dos años de edad que presenta un retraso madurativo que afecta al lenguaje, a su nivel sensorial y a su autonomía personal. A lo largo del trabajo se detalla la metodología que se empleará en el programa, así como las actividades a desarrollar y los materiales necesarios para llevarlas a cabo. Finalmente, para poder observar si se han cumplido los objetivos planteados tanto al principio del programa, durante su desarrollo y al finalizarlo, se describirá cómo debe ser el diseño empleado para la evaluación del programa, adoptando para ello un determinado modelo de evaluación que nos permita la comprobación de la eficacia del proceso.This work brings up an intervention proposal for the acquisition of functional and autonomous vocabulary, in addition to a greater initiative to point out or maintain eye contact and an improvement of the vestibular system in terms of achieving balance in certain postures. This proposal is aimed at a two-year-old kid who has a maturational delay that affects language, his sensory level and his personal autonomy. Throughout the work, the methodology to be used in the program is detailed, as well as the activities to be carried out and the materials necessary to carry them out. Finally, in order to observe whether the objectives set at the beginning of the program, during and at the end have been met, it will be described how the design used for the evaluation of the program should be, adopting for this purpose a certain evaluation model that allows us to check the process effectiveness

Christianizing classical texts: De spiritali amicitia of Ailred of Rievaulx

El siglo XII constituye el floruit de la literatura latina medieval y, en el De spiritali amicitia, obra que nos ocupa en esta ocasión, Elredo de Rieval ejemplifica una tradición secular que intenta conjugar la literatura clásica con las ideas cristianas.The 12th century is the most important period of Medieval Latin literature. We deal with De spiritali amicitia of Ailred of Rievaulx exemplifiying a secular tradition that aims to combine Classical literature and Christianity

Towards a methodology for personal and career development from a systemic perspective

En este artículo presentamos una experiencia de innovación y mejora docente llevada a cabo en asignaturas de la Licenciatura en Psicopedagogía y el Grado en Pedagogía. Se utiliza una metodología con un enfoque sistémico. El objetivo es facilitar el desarrollo personal del alumnado como parte de su formación profesional.This article deals with an experience of innovation and educational improvement carried out in subjects of the Master in Psicopedagogía and the Degree in Pedagogy. A methodology is in use with a systemic approach. The aim is to facilitate the personal development of the student body as part of his vocational training

Que transcende a morte de uma criança com cancro: experiências de profissionais de saúde

Objective: To reveal the perception of grief support of professionals in pediatric oncology units, after the death of the patients. Method: Qualitative phenomenological study. 22 in-depth interviews were conducted with professionals from 5 pediatric oncology units of public hospitals in Santiago. Once the narratives were transcribed, the comprehensive analysis and subsequent triangulation of the data was performed, achieving saturation. Results: Professionals perceive themselves supported in their grief by being able to experience the losses in a protected environment and feeling supported by their surroundings. They recognized the existence of external and internal factors that facilitated the process of grief. However, this support is perceived as insufficient, as there is a lack of formal support from the institution, as well as a protected grief period, or support from mental health professionals to the teams. All death experiences allow professionals to transcend their pain based on lifelong learning and to give meaning to their work. Conclusion: Grief support felt by the professionals is generated from their own initiatives of re-encounter within the teams, which is insufficient. Therefore, training in coping with death is necessary from undergraduate level, which would allow greater cohesiveness in coping and greater self-care within the teams.Objetivo: Develar la percepción del apoyo en duelo de los profesionales de las unidades de oncología pediátrica, tras el fallecimiento de los pacientes. Método: Estudio fenomenológico cualitativo. Se realizaron 22 entrevistas en profundidad a profesionales de 5 unidades de oncología pediátrica de hospitales públicos de Santiago de Chile. Una vez transcritas las narraciones, se realizó el análisis comprensivo y posteriormente la triangulación de los datos, hasta lograr su saturación. Resultados: Los profesionales se perciben apoyados en su duelo al poder experimentar las pérdidas en un ambiente protegido y sentirse apoyados por su entorno. Reconocen la existencia de factores externos e internos que facilitan el proceso de duelo. Sin embargo, este apoyo se percibe como insuficiente, ya que falta un apoyo formal por parte de la institución, así como un periodo de duelo protegido, o el apoyo de los profesionales de la salud mental a los equipos. Todas las experiencias de muerte permiten a los profesionales trascender su dolor a partir del aprendizaje permanente y dar sentido a su trabajo. Conclusión: El apoyo en duelo que sienten los profesionales se genera a partir de sus propias iniciativas de reencuentro dentro de los equipos, lo cual es insuficiente. Por ello, es necesaria la formación en el afrontamiento de la muerte desde el pregrado, lo que permitiría una mayor cohesión en el afrontamiento y un mayor autocuidado dentro de los equipos.Objetivo: Desvelar a percepção do apoio ao luto dos profissionais das unidades de oncologia pediátrica, após o óbito dos pacientes. Método: estudo fenomenológico qualitativo. Foram realizadas vinte e duas entrevistas aprofundadas com profissionais de cinco unidades de oncologia pediátrica de hospitais públicos de Santiago. Uma vez transcritas as narrativas, realizou-se à análise compreensiva e posteriormente à triangulação dos dados, alcançando a saturação destes. Resultados: Os profissionais percebem-se amparados em seu luto, pois podem vivenciar perdas em um ambiente protegido e sentir-se amparados por seu ambiente. Eles reconhecem a existência de fatores externos e internos que facilitam o processo de luto. Contudo, este apoio é percebido como insuficiente, visto que falta um apoio formal da instituição, bem como um período de luto protegido, ou o apoio dos profissionais de saúde mental para as equipes. Todas as experiências de morte permitem aos profissionais transcender sua dor por meio da aprendizagem ao longo da vida e dar sentido ao seu trabalho. Conclusão: O apoio no luto, sentido pelos profissionais, é gerado a partir das suas próprias iniciativas de reencontro com as equipes, o que é insuficiente. Portanto, o treinamento no enfrentamento da morte desde a graduação faz-se necessário, o que possibilitaria maior coesão no enfrentamento e maior autocuidado dentro das equipes

Effects of Covid-19 on the Online Library and Information Science Degree at the University of León (Spain)

.The Degree in Library Science and Documentation of the University of León started during the 1990–1991 academic year. This first curriculum suffered from a strong presence of subjects from the humanities, with a low fraction of experimental work in many subjects because of its inclusion within the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters. The first years attracted large numbers of students. However, the subsequent decrease in the number of students pursuing the degree drove us to initiate a change toward blended and online modalities. The Librarianship and Documentation Area of the University of León (ULe) already has a long history in blended teaching, starting with the Degree in Librarianship and Documentation, which has used the platform aul@unileon since the 2006–2007 academic year; the Degree of Information and Documentation has used the blended modality since the 2010–2011 academic year, and it has been offered in the distance learning modality since the 2014–2015 academic year. These new technologies have been fully introduced into university education and have facilitated the teaching–learning process through the use of interactive programs via the Internet. The main objective of this column is to determine and study the kind of multimedia tools used by professors of the Bachelor of Information and Documentation at the University of León during the teaching–learning process and in virtual teaching before the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to report which new tools were introduced by the university for this reason. We study the student–teacher and student–student interactions to help promote communication and participatory learning through chats, forums, email, hangouts, Skype, Meet, videoconferences, etc. To carry out this study, two types of methodology were applied: satisfaction surveys implemented by the Quality Office of the ULe to determine the degree of satisfaction of students and teachers, and a study of annual reportsS

Oleoylethanolamide Modulates BDNF-ERK Signaling and Neurogenesis in the Hippocampi of Rats Exposed to Δ9-THC and Ethanol Binge Drinking During Adolescence

Oleoylethanolamide is an endogenous NAE that modulates ethanol-seeking behavior and ethanol-induced neuroinflammation. In the present study we further analyze the role of OEA in hippocampal neurogenesis, BDNF-ERK signaling, and spatial memory that are affected by alcohol. Additionally, we addressed the effects of OEA on the association of alcohol and cannabis, a frequent combination in human alcohol addicts, and whose long-term effects are far from being understood. To this end, OEA (10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was pharmacologically administered for 5 days/week in a preclinical model of adolescent rats with binge-like consumption (1 day/week) of ethanol (3 g/kg, i.g.) combined or not with acute administrations of Δ9-THC (5 mg/kg, i.p.) for 5 weeks. OEA restored ethanol/THC-related decreases in both short-term spatial memory (spontaneous alternation by Y-maze) and circulating levels of BDNF, reduced cell proliferation (Mki67 and IdU+ cells) and maturation (Dcx, Calb1), and improved cell survival (Casp3 and BrdU+ cells) in the dorsal hippocampus. Interestingly, OEA alone or combined with THC also decreased the mRNA levels of neurotrophic factors (Bdnf, Ntf3) and the NT3 receptor TrkC, but increased the BDNF receptor TrkB in the hippocampus of ethanol-exposed rats. These effects were likely associated with a OEA-specific phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1, key signaling regulators of cell proliferation and survival. These results suggest a regulatory role of OEA in short-term spatial memory and hippocampal neurogenesis through BDNF/AKT/ERK1 signaling in response to acute THC in an alcoholic context during adolescence

Loss of microRNA-135b Enhances Bone Metastasis in Prostate Cancer and Predicts Aggressiveness in Human Prostate Samples

About 70% of advanced-stage prostate cancer (PCa) patients will experience bone metastasis, which severely affects patients' quality of life and progresses to lethal PCa in most cases. Hence, understanding the molecular heterogeneity of PCa cell populations and the signaling pathways associated with bone tropism is crucial. For this purpose, we generated an animal model with high penetrance to metastasize to bone using an intracardiac percutaneous injection of PC3 cells to identify PCa metastasis-promoting factors. Using genomic high-throughput analysis we identified a miRNA signature involved in bone metastasis that also presents potential as a biomarker of PCa progression in human samples. In particular, the downregulation of miR-135b favored the incidence of bone metastases by significantly increasing PCa cells' migratory capacity. Moreover, the PLAG1, JAKMIP2, PDGFA, and VTI1b target genes were identified as potential mediators of miR-135b's role in the dissemination to bone. In this study, we provide a genomic signature involved in PCa bone growth, contributing to a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for this process. In the future, our results could ultimately translate into promising new therapeutic targets for the treatment of lethal PCa

Plasma endocannabinoids as potential biomarkers of type 2 diabetes mellitus in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment

Background: Besides their role in the nervous system and the development of cognitive impairment in elderly patients, compelling evidence suggests that endocannabinoids (ECBs) are related to motivational responses in obesity and the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. Few studies indicate that ECBs modulate insulin secretion via cannabinoid receptors (CBs) in the human pancreas and alter glucose metabolism. Objectives: The present cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the association between plasma ECBs and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a cohort of elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We also aimed to identify possible associations between brain metabolism as determined by PET-18FDG in T2DM patients and plasma levels of ECBs and diabetes-related metabolites. The sample included age and gender-matched MCI patients without (non-T2DM, n = 113) and with T2DM diagnostic (n = 49). Results: T2DM patients presented higher levels of acyl glycerols 2-AG and 2-OG, whereas DHEA was significantly decreased as compared to non-T2DM patients. Moreover, 2-AG and 2-OG were significantly associated with the triglyceride/glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker of insulin-resistance. 2-AG and 2-OG plasma levels were significantly associated with cognitive decline determined by MMSE and BLESSED tests, specifically in non-T2DM patients, but not in T2DM patients. T2DM patients showed hypermetabolism specifically in the hippocampus, parahippocampus and amygdala, brain regions associated with control of memory, decision-making, and social cognition. We performed binary logistic regression with stepwise selection of variables including ECBs, GLP-1, C-Peptide, insulin, glucagon, leptin, glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol molecules in order to create a predictive model of T2DM in elderly patients with MCI. We selected glucose (standardized β: 2.215), 2-OG (standardized β: 0.519), and LDL (standardized β: -0.649), with a positive predictive power of T2DM diagnosis of 89.74%, and an AUC of 0.87 in the ROC curve. We created a surrogate marker of T2DM in elderly patients consisting of variables selected (ECB-T2DM index: (Ln(4*glucose + 2-OG)/Ln(LDL)), which was significantly associated with glucose metabolism in hippocampus, parahippocampus and amygdala. Conclusions: Plasma 2-OG is a promising biomarker of T2DM in elderly patients with MCI and is associated with altered brain metabolism.Background: Besides their role in the nervous system and the development of cognitive impairment in elderly patients, compelling evidence suggests that endocannabinoids (ECBs) are related to motivational responses in obesity and the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. Few studies indicate that ECBs modulate insulin secretion via cannabinoid receptors (CBs) in the human pancreas and alter glucose metabolism. Objectives: The present cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the association between plasma ECBs and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a cohort of elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We also aimed to identify possible associations between brain metabolism as determined by PET-18FDG in T2DM patients and plasma levels of ECBs and diabetes-related metabolites. The sample included age and gender-matched MCI patients without (non-T2DM, n = 113) and with T2DM diagnostic (n = 49). Results: T2DM patients presented higher levels of acyl glycerols 2-AG and 2-OG, whereas DHEA was significantly decreased as compared to non-T2DM patients. Moreover, 2-AG and 2-OG were significantly associated with the triglyceride/glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker of insulin-resistance. 2-AG and 2-OG plasma levels were significantly associated with cognitive decline determined by MMSE and BLESSED tests, specifically in non-T2DM patients, but not in T2DM patients. T2DM patients showed hypermetabolism specifically in the hippocampus, parahippocampus and amygdala, brain regions associated with control of memory, decision-making, and social cognition. We performed binary logistic regression with stepwise selection of variables including ECBs, GLP-1, C-Peptide, insulin, glucagon, leptin, glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol molecules in order to create a predictive model of T2DM in elderly patients with MCI. We selected glucose (standardized β: 2.215), 2-OG (standardized β: 0.519), and LDL (standardized β: -0.649)...Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Plan gallego de hospitalización a domicilio. Estrategia HADO 2019-2023

Documento estratéxico que pretende potenciar e consolidar a hospitalización a domicilio como un modelo asistencial do Servizo Galego de Saúde e garantir o seu desenvolvemento nos próximos seis anos, establecendo criterios homoxéneos de atención coa finalidade de normalizar os modelos asistenciais, carteira de servizos e fluxos de traballo para asegurar una asistencia sanitaria de calidadeDocumento estratégico que pretende potenciar y consolidar la hospitalización a domicilio como un modelo asistencial del Servicio Gallego de Salud y garantizar su desarrollo en los próximos seis años, estableciendo criterios homogéneos de atención con la finalidad de normalizar los modelos asistenciales, cartera de servicios y flujos de trabajo para asegurar una asistencia sanitaria de calida

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality