Prevención del virus del zika en mujeres latinoamericanas residentes en Valladolid. Propuesta de un programa de educación para la salud.

La enfermedad por el virus del Zika se transmite principalmente por la picadura de mosquitos del género Aedes, aunque también se ha demostrado la capacidad de transmisión sexual y la posibilidad de transmisión sanguínea. En el año 2015, Brasil notificó la transmisión autóctona del virus, que rápidamente se extendería por la mayoría de regiones de América del Sur. Su relación con el desarrollo de microcefalias y otras alteraciones neurológicas asociadas a infección congénita, así como la aparición del síndrome de Guillain-Barré, sumado a la rápida expansión del virus, dio lugar a que la OMS declarase, a principios de 2016, un estado de emergencia de salud pública que duraría hasta finales de ese mismo año. Los casos confirmados notificados en España son mayoritariamente importados, entre los que se incluyen 4 casos de infección congénita. En este trabajo se propone un Programa de Educación para la Salud dirigido a mujeres latinoamericanas en edad fértil de nuestra comunidad con el fin de que conozcan las medidas necesarias para evitar la infección en el caso de que viajen a sus países de origen o tengan relaciones sexuales con hombres provenientes de ellos, ya que esta población viaja más frecuentemente, posee una percepción menor del riesgo y suele presentar dificultades para acceder a los servicios sanitarios.Grado en Enfermerí

Eradication of bovine tuberculosis at a herd-level in Madrid, Spain: study of within-herd transmission dynamics over a 12 year period

BACKGROUND Eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) through the application of test-and-cull programs is a declared goal of developed countries in which the disease is still endemic. Here, longitudinal data from more than 1,700 cattle herds tested during a 12 year-period in the eradication program in the region of Madrid, Spain, were analyzed to quantify the within-herd transmission coefficient (β) depending on the herd-type (beef/dairy/bullfighting). In addition, the probability to recover the officially bTB free (OTF) status in infected herds depending on the type of herd and the diagnostic strategy implemented was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Overall, dairy herds showed higher β (median 4.7) than beef or bullfighting herds (2.3 and 2.2 respectively). Introduction of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as an ancillary test produced an apparent increase in the β coefficient regardless of production type, likely due to an increase in diagnostic sensitivity. Time to recover OTF status was also significantly lower in dairy herds, and length of bTB episodes was significantly reduced when the IFN-γ was implemented to manage the outbreak. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that bTB spreads more rapidly in dairy herds compared to other herd types, a likely cause being management and demographic-related factors. However, outbreaks in dairy herds can be controlled more rapidly than in typically extensive herd types. Finally, IFN-γ proved its usefulness to rapidly eradicate bTB at a herd-level

Mycobacterium caprae Infection in Livestock and Wildlife, Spain

Mycobacterium caprae is a pathogen that can infect animals and humans. To better understand the epidemiology of M. caprae, we spoligotyped 791 animal isolates. Results suggest infection is widespread in Spain, affecting 6 domestic and wild animal species. The epidemiology is driven by infections in caprids, although the organism has emerged in cattle

Risk Factors for COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality in Institutionalised Elderly People

Background: SARS-CoV-2 has caused a high mortality in institutionalised individuals. There are very few studies on the involvement and the real impact of COVID-19 in nursing homes. This study analysed factors related to morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in institutionalised elderly people. Methods: This cohort study included 842 individuals from 12 nursing homes in Sant Cugat del Vallès (Spain) from 15 March to 15 May 2020. We evaluated individual factors (demographic, dependence, clinical, and therapeutic) and those related to the nursing homes (size and staff) associated with infection and mortality by SARS-CoV-2. Infection was diagnosed by molecular biology test. Results: Of the 842 residents included in the analysis, 784 underwent a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test; 74.2% were women, the mean age was 87.1 years, and 11.1% died. The PCR test was positive in 44%. A total of 33.4% of the residents presented symptoms compatible with COVID-19 and of these, 80.9% were PCR-positive for SARS-CoV-2. Infection by SARS-CoV-2 among residents was associated with the rate of staff infected in the homes. Mortality by SARS-CoV-2 was related to male sex and a greater grade of dependence measured with the Barthel index. Conclusions: SARS-Cov-2 infection in institutionalised people is associated with the infection rate in nursing home workers and mortality by SARS-Cov-2 with sex and greater dependency according to the Barthel index. Adequate management of nursing home staff and special attention to measures of infection control, especially of individuals with greater dependence, are keys for successful management of future pandemic situations. Keywords: COVID-19; comorbidity; frail elderly; frailty; long-term care; nursing homes

UNI-endo a través de la interseccionalidad

Memoria ID2022-196 Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2022-2023

Técnicas de recogida de información y elaboración de documentos técnicos utilizados en la formación del estudiantado

El proyecto se concibe como una herramienta didáctica para facilitar al profesorado de la Facultad de Trabajo Social su actividad pedagógica en el aula. Para ello, hemos elaborado un CD que contiene material audiovisual y documentos técnicos profesionales utilizados por los/las trabajadores/as sociales. Este material servirá para realizar la valoración social del caso y el proyecto de intervención social

Infequus 2.0: Plataforma de enfermedades infecciosas en équidos

Depto. de Producción AnimalDepto. de Sanidad AnimalFac. de VeterinariaCentro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET)FALSEsubmitte

Anuario de estudios celianos 2014-15

La Universidad Camilo José Cela recoge en estos anuarios las investigaciones que se llevan a cabo cada año sobre la obra de quien fue su rector Honorario. Se compromete así, en colaboración con la Fundación que también lleva su nombre, con la herencia literaria y la memoria de CJC, y favorece la divulgación de las conclusiones de los estudios más importantes realizados cada año. El presente número doble (2014-2015) del Anuario de estudios celianos se articula excepcionalmente en dos apartados: ensayos y artículos y los anexos en los que se recogen los textos ganadores del VI y VII Premio de relatos Camilo José Cela para jóvenes. Una revista de vuelo universitario quiere estar también vinculada a la creación literaria que realizan las nuevas generacionesCátedra Camilo José Cela de Estudios Hispánico

IL-6 serum levels predict severity and response to tocilizumab in COVID-19: An observational study

Background: Patients with coronavirus disaese 2019 (COVID-19) can develop a cytokine release syndrome that eventually leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Because IL-6 is a relevant cytokine in acute respiratory distress syndrome, the blockade of its receptor with tocilizumab (TCZ) could reduce mortality and/or morbidity in severe COVID-19. Objective: We sought to determine whether baseline IL-6 serum levels can predict the need for IMV and the response to TCZ. Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed in hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Clinical information and laboratory findings, including IL-6 levels, were collected approximately 3 and 9 days after admission to be matched with preadministration and postadministration of TCZ. Multivariable logistic and linear regressions and survival analysis were performed depending on outcomes: need for IMV, evolution of arterial oxygen tension/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, or mortality. Results: One hundred forty-six patients were studied, predominantly males (66%); median age was 63 years. Forty-four patients (30%) required IMV, and 58 patients (40%) received treatment with TCZ. IL-6 levels greater than 30 pg/mL was the best predictor for IMV (odds ratio, 7.1; P < .001). Early administration of TCZ was associated with improvement in oxygenation (arterial oxygen tension/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio) in patients with high IL-6 (P = .048). Patients with high IL-6 not treated with TCZ showed high mortality (hazard ratio, 4.6; P = .003), as well as those with low IL-6 treated with TCZ (hazard ratio, 3.6; P = .016). No relevant serious adverse events were observed in TCZ-treated patients. Conclusions: Baseline IL-6 greater than 30 pg/mL predicts IMV requirement in patients with COVID-19 and contributes to establish an adequate indication for TCZ administrationThis study was funded by Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant nos. RD16/0011/0012 and PI18/ 0371 to I.G.A., grant no. PI19/00549 to A.A., and grant no. SAF2017-82886-R to F.S.-M.) and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund. The study was also funded by ‘‘La Caixa Banking Foundation’’ (grant no. HR17-00016 to F.S.-M.) and ‘‘Fondos Supera COVID19’’ by Banco de Santander and CRUE. None of these sponsors have had any role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publicatio

Famílies botàniques de plantes medicinals

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia, Assignatura: Botànica Farmacèutica, Curs: 2013-2014, Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són els recull de 175 treballs d’una família botànica d’interès medicinal realitzats de manera individual. Els treballs han estat realitzat per la totalitat dels estudiants dels grups M-2 i M-3 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos d’abril i maig del curs 2013-14. Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pel professor de l’assignatura i revisats i finalment co-avaluats entre els propis estudiants. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica