9,010 research outputs found
Exponential localization of singular vectors in spatiotemporal chaos
In a dynamical system the singular vector (SV) indicates which perturbation
will exhibit maximal growth after a time interval . We show that in
systems with spatiotemporal chaos the SV exponentially localizes in space.
Under a suitable transformation, the SV can be described in terms of the
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation with periodic noise. A scaling argument allows us
to deduce a universal power law for the localization of the
SV. Moreover the same exponent characterizes the finite-
deviation of the Lyapunov exponent in excellent agreement with simulations. Our
results may help improving existing forecasting techniques.Comment: 5 page
Subsampling inference in cube root asymptotics with an application to Manski's maximum score estimator
Kim and Pollard (Annals of Statistics, 18 (1990) 191?219) showed that a general class of M-estimators converge at rate n1/3 rather than at the standard rate n1/2. Many times, this situation arises when the objective function is non-smooth. The limiting distribution is the (almost surely unique) random vector that maximizes a certain Gaussian process and is difficult to analyze analytically. In this paper, we propose the use of the subsampling method for inferential purposes. The general method is then applied to Manski?s maximum score estimator and its small sample performance is highlighted via a simulation study.Publicad
ON THE (INTRADAILY) SEASONALITY AND DYNAMICS OF A FINANCIAL POINT PROCESS: A SEMIPARAMETRIC APPROACH.
A component model for the analysis of financial durations is proposed. The components are the long-run dynamics and the seasonality. The later is left unspecified and the former is assumed to fall within the class of certain family of parametric functions. The joint model is estimated by maximizing a (local) quasi-likelihood function, and the resulting nonparametric estimator of the seasonal curve has an explicit form that turns out to be a transformation of the Nadaraya-Watson estimator. The estimators of the parameters of interest are shown to be root-N consistent and asymptotically efficient. Furthermore, the seasonal curve is also estimated consistently. The methodology is applied to the trade duration process of Bankinter, a medium size Spanish bank traded in Bolsa de Madrid. We show that adjusting data by seasonality produces important misspecifications.
Continuous harmonic analysis and power quality measurements in three-phase systems
A virtual instrument, named Power Quality
Meter, is presented for (a) measuring power consumption and
harmonics in three-phase systems, under non-sinusoidal and
imbalance conditions (b) detecting, classifying and organizes
power disturbance events. Measurement of the power
consumption follows the formulation proposed by the members
of the IEEE Working Group on Nonsinusoidal Situations
(1996). So, definitions are based on the analysis of functions in
the frequency domain, separating the fundamental terms from
the harmonic terms of the Fourier series. The virtual instrument
has been developed too for monitoring and measuring power
disturbances, which are automatically classified and organized
in a database while they are being recorded. Software tools use
the database structure to present summaries of power
disturbances and locate an event by severity or time of
occurrence. Records of actual measurements are included to
demonstrate the versatility of the instrument
Logarithmic bred vectors in spatiotemporal chaos: structure and growth
Bred vectors are a type of finite perturbation used in prediction studies of
atmospheric models that exhibit spatially extended chaos. We study the
structure, spatial correlations, and the growth- rates of logarithmic bred
vectors (which are constructed by using a given norm). We find that, after a
suitable transformation, logarithmic bred vectors are roughly piecewise copies
of the leading Lyapunov vector. This fact allows us to deduce a scaling law for
the bred vector growth rate as a function of their amplitude. In addition, we
relate growth rates with the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents corresponding to
the most expanding directions. We illustrate our results with simulations of
the Lorenz '96 model.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure
VHE Emission from Magnetic Reconnection in the RIAF of SgrA*
The cosmic-ray (CR) accelerator at the galactic centre (GC) is not yet
established by current observations. Here we investigate the
radiative-inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) of Sagittarius A* (SgrA*) as a CR
accelerator assuming acceleration by turbulent magnetic reconnection, and
derive possible emission fluxes of CRs interacting within the RIAF (the central
cm). The target environment of the RIAF is modelled with
numerical, general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamics (GRMHD) together with
leptonic radiative transfer simulations. The acceleration of the CRs is not
computed here. Instead, we inject CRs constrained by the magnetic reconnection
power of the accretion flow and compute the emission/absorption of
-rays due to these CRs interacting with the RIAF, through Monte Carlo
simulations employing the {\tt CRPropa 3} code. The resulting very-high-energy
(VHE) fluxes are not expected to reproduce the point source HESS J1745-290 as
the emission of this source is most likely produced at pc scales. The emission
profiles derived here intend to trace the VHE signatures of the RIAF as a CR
accelerator and provide predictions for observations of the GC with improved
angular resolution and differential flux sensitivity as those of the
forthcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). Within the scenario presented
here, we find that for mass accretion rates Myr, the RIAF of SgrA* produces VHE fluxes which are
consistent with the H.E.S.S. upper limits for the GC and potentially observable
by the future CTA. The associated neutrino fluxes are negligible compared with
the diffuse neutrino emission measured by the IceCube.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Ap
Experiencias caseras que muestran aspectos del funcionamiento de la vista, el gusto y el tacto
En el laboratorio de BiologÃa explicamos el funcionamiento de algunos de nuestros órganos de los sentidos (vista, olfato, gusto y tacto) a través de una serie de experiencias que a lo largo de los años han evidenciado ser muy didácticas. Muestran parte del proceso fÃsico en sà y, al exigir la participación activa del alumnado, permiten que éste aprenda divirtiéndose. Lo fácil y barato que resulta realizar estas experiencias, junto a su gran capacidad degenerar asombro, invitan a su difusión y ejecución a todos los niveles
Antioxidant activity of alkyl gallates and glycosyl alkyl gallates in fish oil in water emulsions: Relevance of their surface active properties and of the type of emulsifier
The antioxidant activity of gallic acid and a series of alkyl gallates (C4-C18) and glycosylated alkyl gallates (C4-C18) on fish oil-in-water emulsions was studied. Three types of emulsifiers, lecithin, Tween-20 and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) were tested. A nonlinear behavior of the antioxidant activity of alkyl gallates when increasing alkyl chain length was observed for emulsions prepared with lecithin. Medium-size alkyl gallates (C6-C12) were the best antioxidants. In contrast, for emulsions prepared with Tween-20, the antioxidants seem to follow the polar paradox. Glucosyl alkyl gallates were shown previously to be better surfactants than alkyl gallates. Nevertheless, they exhibited a worse antioxidant capacity than their corresponding alkyl gallates, in emulsions prepared with lecithin or Tween-20, indicating the greater relevance of having three OH groups at the polar head in comparison with having improved surfactant properties but just a di-ortho phenolic structure in the antioxidant
Aproximación ás relacións literarias galego-catalanas. Noticias históricas e bibliográficas.
Sin resume
Regionalization and connectivity in the Gulf of Cádiz and Alborán Sea implication for marine spatial planning and coastal management
This work proposes a regionalization of marine waters south of the Iberian Peninsula based on empirical orthogonal functions and GIS analysis. The regions identified are consistent and correspond to hydrological mesoscale and macroscale structures well characterized from physical and biological viewpoints. Although it is difficult to determine the boundaries of a fluid continuously moving, the procedure used recognizes the most frequent patterns and can be used to reference geographically the most likely position of the limit among the regions. Once established the regions, the connectivity among them is addressed by means of geostrophic currents derived from altimetry data. The main geostrophic circulation pattern depict an elevate connectivity in the area that might facilitate the conservation and recovering of species, but also imply a higher vulnerability to negative externalities and highlight the need of models, marine spatial planning, and coastal management approaches that includes the pelagic ecosystem and connectivity of the seas. Furthermore, the results confirm that the cooperation between public authorities at different levels (local, regional, state) as well as among riparian countries is essential for marine spatial planning and prevention of potential risk derived from upcoming marine activities in the framework of the 2020 agenda and Blue Growth strategy.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucÃa Tec
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