Eco-friendly process for the removal of Pb (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II) using different adsorbents: sepiolite and modified cedar

Book of Abstracts of CEB Annual Meeting 2017[Excerpt] Heavy metal contamination in groundwater and sediments is one of the most relevant threats to environmental quality and human health. Their presence in the aquatic environment has attracted global attention due to their toxicity, persistence in nature, non-biodegradability and ability to bio-accumulate in food chains. The traditional treatment methods for their removal have been used but chemical methods are often restricted due to the technical or economic restraints. Various biomaterials have been used to entrap those ions from water and wastewater such as clays, zeolites, industrial and/or agriculture wastes, becoming a good alternative to industrial wastewater treatment [1, 2]. The capacity of natural sepiolite (clay) and modified cedar (wood) sawdust for heavy metals adsorption, lead (Pb), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn), has been assessed using a batch method. Natural sepiolite was supplied by TOLSA and cedar was obtained from Morocco. Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was used to characterize the morphology and chemical composition of both adsorbents. Cedar was subjected to an alkaline chemical pre-activation with of 0.2 M solution of potassium hydroxide, as suggested by literature. [...]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Diseño de la estrategia para implementar de un plan de carrera dirigido a los cargos del nivel Auxiliar en la Regional Bogotá Norte del Banco de Bogotá

73 Páginas.El presente trabajo surge de la necesidad de los auxiliares del Banco de Bogotá de contar con un de plan de carrera que les permita desempeñar cargos de nivel profesional en áreas administrativas. Para el presente estudio se diseñó una encuesta a partir de cinco categorías: creencias, gestión del cambio, clima organizacional y proceso de selección: políticas y mejoras; la encuesta se aplicó a seis jefes de áreas. Dentro de los resultados a resaltar se encontró la necesidad publicar las vacantes del Banco, la disposición de los jefes a los procesos de cambio y las oportunidades de desarrollo laboral ofrecidas en el Banco. A partir de estos resultados, se propone una estrategia con tres grandes componentes: cultura organizacional, procesos/tecnología y gestión del cambio

Modified low cost adsorbent (cedar) for the removal of Pb (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II) from aqueous solutions

Increased industrialization and population have a negative impact on the environment through the discharge of waste containing heavy metals. The aim of this work is to assess the sorption capacity of a modified low cost adsorbent (cedar) on the removal of lead, nickel and zinc ions from aqueous solutions at 60 mg/L for each metal. Alkaline treatment was applied to cedar to improve the adsorption process by the activation of the sorption sites. Kinetic assays were performed in batch mode at different adsorbent concentrations, from 0.5 g/L to 7.5 g/L. The pH of zero point of charge obtained for modified cedar was 5.13. Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy was used to compare the morphology and chemical composition of the unmodified and modified cedar. The results revealed that alkaline treatment with potassium hydroxide is effective on the removal of these metals from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of lead (II), nickel (II) and zinc (II) onto modified cedar is dependent on the adsorbent concentration, being the maximum uptake reached for each ion at 2.5 g/L, 25.8 mg/g for Pb and 7.7 mg/g for Ni and Zn.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Adsorption of lead and nickel from aqueous solution on natural sepiolite

Heavy metals are a serious environmental problem due to their toxicity and abundance. The capacity of a natural clay (sepiolite) for heavy metals adsorption, Pb2+ and Ni2+, has been assessed using a batch method. The effect of mass of adsorbent on the process and the competitive adsorption between the two metals has been investigated. The adsorption of Pb2+ and Ni2+ increases with increasing dosage of natural sepiolite. The maximum removal of Pb2+ and Ni2+ by sepiolite, starting from a solution with both metals, was 98% and 59%, respectively. The experiments demonstrated that Pb2+ was adsorbed by natural sepiolite more efficiently than Ni2+. The conclusion of this study is that natural sepiolite can efficiently adsorb cationic species, which may have an interesting environmental application such as the removal of those species from polluted waters.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Bolivia como un paradigma de movimientos sociales en la América Latina del siglo XXI

En el contexto de la debacle del neoliberalismo en América Latina, hoy se manifiesta en Bolivia un nuevo tipo de movimiento social, integrado por varios movimientos que han logrado llegar al poder por la vía electoral, y que presentan características distintivas que no encuentran acomodo dentro de las explicaciones y modelos anteriores. Por ello, en este artículo se busca argumentar a favor de concebirlo como representativo de un nuevo paradigma cuyos principales rasgos se exponen en forma sintética, destacando el componente étnico y la preocupación por la inclusión de los pueblos originarios en un proyecto nacional pluricultural

Tipos de equivalencias en la traducción de textos jurídico-administrativo del idioma francés al español en el año 2014

Objetivo: Identificar qué tipos de equivalencias se presentan en la traducción de textos jurídico-administrativo del idioma francés al español que tienen los siguientes nombres: TRIBUNAL DE GRANDE INSTANCE DE BOURG EN BRESSE –COUR D’APPELL D’AIX – EN PROVENCE TRIBUNAL DE GRANDE INSTANCE DE TOULON JUGEMENT DE DIVORCE CONSENTEMENT MUTUEL, COPIE D’ACTE VILLE DE QUEEC, SERVICE DE RECURSOS HUMANOS Y REGIE DE RENTES DE QUEBEC que permite a los traductores dedicados al área de traducción jurídica encontrar más información en relación a los tipos de equivalentes los textos a traducir. Metodología: Se seleccionaron 24 términos de los 5 documentos mencionados anteriormente, tanto en su versión en francés como en español. Posteriormente, se realizó una ficha de análisis de los 24 términos como instrumento utilizando la técnica de observación y el método empleado fue el cualitativo. Resultados: se encontró que los tipos de equivalencias que se utilizaron en la traducción de documentos jurídicos fueron: Equivalencias Pragmáticas, Textuales, Gramaticales, a nivel de palabra, en niveles superiores a la palabra. Las más usadas fueron Textuales y Gramaticales. Conclusiones: En lo que concierne al Equivalente Textual, el traductor en primera instancia ha analizado los términos de la cohesión e información, mientras que en las equivalencias pragmáticas, el traductor prioriza e interrelaciona el contexto, para que la relación del lenguaje con el hablante tengan una constante comunicación

Visitantes internacionais dos Passadiços do Paiva: motivação, experiência, satisfação e canais de distribuição

Objetivo – Inaugurados em 2015, os Passadiços do Paiva deram um forte impulso à dinâmica turística de Arouca. No entanto, esta atração turística carece de estudos científicos, no âmbito do turismo. Assim, desenvolveu-se um estudo acerca da motivação turística, experiência turística, satisfação e canais de distribuição utilizados pelos visitantes internacionais desta infraestrutura, no ano de 2017. O objetivo principal desta investigação é compreender a relação entre as motivações, a avaliação da experiência e o grau de satisfação, na visita dos turistas internacionais aos Passadiços do Paiva e os objetivos específicos são compreender os fatores que influenciam as motivações da visita aos Passadiços do Paiva (fatores Push & Pull); compreender se as motivações influenciam a avaliação da experiência turística e compreender os fatores que influenciam a satisfação. Metodologia - Recorreu-se a uma metodologia quantitativa através do inquérito por questionário, enviado via email aos 3639 contactos constantes na base de dados referente às reservas efetuadas online. Este inquérito englobou 16 questões, 12 questões de resposta única, com lista de hipóteses e 4 questões de escala de Likert de cinco pontos, tendo sido obtidas 204 respostas. Resultados – Os resultados das hipóteses demonstram as seguintes relações: motivação e características da viagem (fatores pull); motivação e canais de distribuição; motivação e experiência, e satisfação e experiência (domínios Estético e Entretenimento). Não se verificou relação entre a motivação e o perfil individual do visitante assim como, contrariamente à revisão da literatura, não se verificou relação com a satisfação. Uma vez que a motivação push não se relaciona com os Passadiços do Paiva, apenas após a utilização canais de distribuição e melhor conhecimento do destino é que o indivíduo decide visitar esta infraestrutura. Conclui-se, então, que os atributos dos Passadiços do Paiva (fatores pull) estão relacionados com a motivação. Este estudo também permite verificar quais os principais canais de distribuição utilizados para dar a conhecer esses atributos ao visitante. De entre estes canais destacam-se os canais digitais, nomeadamente o site oficial dos Passadiços do Paiva e outros sites com informação acerca desta atração. Conforme revisão da literatura, há uma relação entre a motivação e a experiência, no entanto, a satisfação apenas se relaciona com os domínios Estético e Entretenimento. Isto confirma a dimensão estética desta infraestrutura assim como o seu enquadramento na paisagem, bem conseguido. No que concerne à dimensão Entretenimento, ressalva-se o ano atipicamente quente que se fez sentir, em 2017, o que aumentou a época balnear e o usufruto das praias fluviais próximas ao percurso. De salientar a ausência da relação entre a satisfação e o domínio Entretenimento uma vez que este território está classificado na Rede Natura 2000 e Geopark. Limitações e implicações – Tendo em conta o número de visitantes dos Passadiços do Paiva, em 2017, o número de respostas obtidas é relativamente reduzido e os resultados não devem ser generalizados. Implicações práticas – Os resultados apresentados permitirão os gestores do destino terem perceção das variáveis aqui estudadas e criarem estratégias de marketing adequadas. Originalidade/valor – A diferenciação deste estudo prende-se com a área geográfica e a atração turística em questão por não existirem, à data, estudos na área de turismo neste contexto.Abstract propose – Opened in 2015, the Paiva Walkways gave a strong impulse to the tourism dynamic of Arouca. However, this tourist attraction lacks scientific studies, in the context of tourism. Thus, it was developed a study about the tourist motivation, tourist experience, satisfaction and distribution channels used by international visitors of this infrastructure, in the year 2017. The main goal of this research is to understand the relationship between the motivations, the assessment of the experience and the degree of satisfaction of international tourists on the visit to the Paiva Walkways. The specific objectives are to understand the factors that influence the motivations of the visit to the Paiva Walkways (Push & Pull factors); to understand if the motivations influence the evaluation of the tourist experience and to understand the factors that influence the satisfaction. Methodology - It was used a quantitative methodology through survey by questionnaire, sent via e-mail to 3639 contacts contained in the database relating to the reservations that were made online. This survey included 16 questions, 12 questions to single response, with a list of hypotheses and 4 questions of five points Likert scale and the number of responses obtained was 204. Results – The results of the hypotheses show the following relation: motivation and trip characteristics (pull factors); motivation and distribution channels; motivation and experience, and satisfaction and experience (Aesthetic and Entertainment areas). It didn't occur a relation between motivation and the visitor individual profile as well as, in opposition to the literature review, there was no relation with satisfaction. Since the push motivation does not relate to the Walkways of Paiva, only after the use of distribution channels and a better knowledge of the destination is when the subject decides to visit this infrastructure. It can be concluded, then, that the attributes of the Walkways of the Paiva (pull factors) are related with the motivation. This study also allows verifying which is the main distribution channels used to publicize these attributes to the visitor. Among these channels the digital channels are the ones that stand out the most, particularly the official website of the Walkways of the Paiva and other websites with information about this attraction. According to literature review, there is a relation between the motivation and the experience, however, the satisfaction only relates to aesthetics and entertainment domains. This confirms the aesthetic dimension of this infrastructure as well as its framing in the landscape, well achieved. Regarding the Entertainment dimension, caveat-if the atypically warm year that made itself feels, in 2017, which increased the summer season and the enjoyment of the river beaches close to the route. To point out the absence of a relation between the satisfaction and the Entertainment domain since this area is classified as Rede Natura 2000 and Geopark. Limitations and implications – Considering the number of visitors to the Walkways of Paiva, in 2017, the number of answers obtained is relatively small and the results should not be generalized. Practical implications – The results presented will enable the managers of the destination to have a perception of the variables studied here and create appropriate marketing strategies. Originality/value – The differentiation of this study relates to the geographical area and the tourist attraction in question since, to date, there are no studies in tourism, in this context.N/

Estudio de asociación entre los polimorfismos de repetición de ácido aspártico del gen ASPN y la osteoartrosis en un grupo poblacional colombiano

La osteoartrosis humana (OA) es una enfermedad compleja y multifactorial. Compromete principalmente al cartílago, los tejidos blandos de la articulación y al tejido óseo subcondral. Los síntomas aparecen generalmente en la población de mayor edad afectando al 50% de los adultos mayores de 50 años, y alcanzando una prevalencia del 80% en los adultos de 70 años. La asporina, una proteína de la matriz extracelular de cartílago que interactúa directamente con el Factor de crecimiento transformante β (factor de crecimiento responsable de la formación de tejido óseo y su diferenciación), presenta polimorfismos de repetición para la secuencia GAT, la cual ha sido asociada como factor de riesgo a OA de rodilla y de cadera en poblaciones asiáticas. Esta asociación no ha podido ser replicada en poblaciones no asiáticas y se desconoce la tendencia en la población colombiana. En este estudio se evaluó la asociación entre los polimorfismos de repetición de ácido aspártico de asporina y osteoartrosis de rodilla, mano y cadera en un grupo poblacional colombiano en un estudio de casos y controles. Se extrajo ADN de sangre periférica tomada a pacientes con OA de rodilla, mano o cadera diagnosticados bajos los criterios radiológicos del Colegio Americano de Reumatología (ACR) y controles sin OA. El grado de severidad de la enfermedad se determinó según la escala de grados radiológicos de artrosis de Kellgren y Lawrence. Se amplificó la región que contiene el polimorfismo de repetición por PCR empleando primers fluoromarcados (6-FAM) y el tamaño de los fragmentos que contienen los polimorfismos se determinó por medio de electroforesis capilar. Se estimó el OR para valorar la susceptibilidad de los polimorfismos y la OA, y otras variables que influencian el desarrollo de la OA como lo son el sexo, índice de masa muscular, grado de severidad y tipo de OA. El grupo con OA de rodilla consistió de 92 pacientes y el grupo control de 95 pacientes, En esta muestra se identificaron 10 variantes del gen que contienen D8, D10, D11, D12, D13, D14, D15, D16, D17 y D18 repeticiones, el alelo más frecuente fue el D12, con una frecuencia del 42% para los casos y 51% en los controles. En los análisis de asociación de riesgo se encontró que ninguno de los alelos mostró susceptibilidad de riesgo o protección con OA, sin embargo el genotipo D12 – D2 mostró diferencias significativas con un OR de 0.19 (IC 0.02-0.93 p – valor: 0.0198) como factor de protección a OA de mano. Las comparaciones entre sexo, IMC, tipo de OA y grado de clasificación K/L no mostraron diferencias significativas entre casos OA y controles.Abstract. Osteoarthritis (OA) in humans is a complex and multifactorial condition. It involves primarily cartilage soft tissues of the joint and the subchondral bone tissue. Asporina, a protein of the extracellular matrix of cartilage that interacts directly with transforming growth factor β (factor responsible for the formation of bone tissue growth and differentiation), has repeat polymorphisms for the GAT sequence which has been associated as a risk factor for OA of the knee and hip in Asian populations. This association could not be replicated with populations outside of Asia and the trend is unknown in Colombian populations. In this work the association between the repeat of polymorphisms of aspartic acid of asporine and knee, hand, and hip osteoarthritis in a Colombian population group in a study of cases and controls were evaluated. The DNA was extracted from peripheral blood taken from patients with OA of the knee, hand, or hip based on the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and controls included individuals without OA. The severity of the disease was determined using the osteoarthritis radiographic Kellgren and Lawrence scale. The region containing the repeated polymorphism was amplified with PCR techniques using fluorescent 6-FAM markers. The size of the fragments containing the polymorphisms were determined using capillary electrophoresis. The OR was estimated to assess the susceptibility polymorphisms and OA, and other variables that influence the development of OA such as gender, body mass index, severity and type of OA. The OA knee group consisted of 92 patients and the control group of 95 patients, from which 10 gene variants were identified: D8, D10, D11, D12, D13, D14, D15, D16, D17 and D18. The gene variant most frequently observed was the D12 with a frequency of 42% in the cases with OA and 51% in controls. Risk association analysis found that none of the susceptible gene variants showed any risk or protection for OA, however the genotype D12 - D2 showed significant differences with the OR 0.19 (IC 0.02 - 0.93 p - value: 0.0198) protection factor as hand OA. Comparisons of gender, IMC, type of OA and degree of K/ L rating did not show significant differences between OA cases and controls.Maestrí

Evaluación de riesgos de error material para las cuentas del Estado de Resultados ( Ingresos y Costos).

La presente investigación se propone ampliar las diferencias, ventajas y desventajas entre el enfoque de auditoría clásicamente utilizado denominado “revisión de transacciones” y el enfoque basado en riesgo que se originó como parte del proceso del cambio de la economía mundial.También se aborda de una manera sencilla y un lenguaje asequible la relación que existe entre el riesgo de error material que se encuentra presente en los estados financieros, las aseveraciones relacionadas y las posibles repuesta que se le pueden dar al riesgo para cumplir con los requerimientos de las NIAs que está dirigido principalmente para estudiantes de las carreras económicas, profesionales de auditoría en desarrollo y docentes de auditoría

Taxonomy and distribution of Pectinariidae (Annelida) from Iceland with a comparative analysis of uncinal morphology

[Abstract]: Based on samples collected during the BIOICE project off Iceland, four species of marine annelids belonging to the family Pectinariidae were identified: “Amphictene auricoma” (O.F. Müller, 1776), “Cistenides granulate” (Linnaeus, 1767), “Cistenides hyperborean” Malmgren, 1865 and “Lagis koreni” Malmgren, 1866. Taxonomic remarks and data on geographical and bathymetric distribution are presented. The distribution of each species off Iceland was evaluated and two patterns were defined: “C. granulate” and “C. hyperborean” were mainly found in waters off the northeast coast, while “A. auricoma” and “L. koreni” were found on the southern coast. Several body characters with taxonomic value in this family were reviewed under the stereo microscope and scanning electron microscope, with special emphasis on the neuropodial uncini. Remarks on these special chaetae are included in the diagnoses.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; PGC2018-095851-B-C6