15 research outputs found
A new perspective on turbulent Galactic magnetic fields through comparison of linear polarisation decomposition techniques
We compare two rotationally invariant decomposition techniques on linear polarization data:
the spin-2 spherical harmonic decomposition in two opposite parities, the E- and B-mode,
and the multiscale analysis of the gradient of linear polarization, |∇ P|. We demonstrate that
both decompositions have similar properties in the image domain and the spatial frequency
domain. They can be used as complementary tools for turbulence analysis of interstellar
magnetic fields in order to develop a better understanding of the origin of energy sources for
the turbulence, the origin of peculiar magnetic field structures and their underlying physics.
We also introduce a new quantity |∇EB| based on the E- and B-modes and we show that
in the intermediate- and small-scale limit |∇EB| |∇ P|. Analysis of the 2.3 GHz S-band
Polarization All Sky Survey shows many extended coherent filament-like features appearing
as ‘double jumps’ in the |∇ P| map that are correlated with negative and positive filaments of
B-type polarization. These local asymmetries between the two polarization types, E and B, of
the non-thermal Galactic synchrotron emission have an influence on the E- and B-mode power
spectra analyses. The wavelet-based formalism of the polarization gradient analysis allows us
to locate the position of E- or B-mode features responsible for the local asymmetries between
the two polarization types. In analysed subregions, the perturbations of the magnetic field are
trigged by star clusters associated with H II regions, the Orion–Eridanus superbubble and the
North Polar Spur at low Galactic latitude
Tree Death Not Resulting in Gap Creation: An Investigation of Canopy Dynamics of Northern Temperate Deciduous Forests
Simulation-based education to improve management of refractory anaphylaxis in an allergy clinic
Abstract Background High-fidelity simulations based on real-life clinical scenarios have frequently been used to improve patient care, knowledge and teamwork in the acute care setting. Still, they are seldom included in the allergy-immunology curriculum or continuous medical education. Our main goal was to assess if critical care simulations in allergy improved performance in the clinical setting. Methods Advanced anaphylaxis scenarios were designed by a panel of emergency, intensive care unit, anesthesiology and allergy-immunology specialists and then adapted for the adult allergy clinic setting. This simulation activity included a first part in the high-fidelity simulation-training laboratory and a second at the adult allergy clinic involving actors and a high-fidelity mannequin. Participants filled out a questionnaire, and qualitative interviews were performed with staff after they had managed cases of refractory anaphylaxis. Results Four nurses, seven allergy-immunology fellows and six allergy/immunologists underwent the simulation. Questionnaires showed a perceived improvement in aspects of crisis and anaphylaxis management. The in-situ simulation revealed gaps in the process, which were subsequently resolved. Qualitative interviews with participants revealed a more rapid and orderly response and improved confidence in their abilities and that of their colleagues to manage anaphylaxis. Conclusion High-fidelity simulations can improve the management of anaphylaxis in the allergy clinic and team confidence. This activity was instrumental in reducing staff reluctance to perform high-risk challenges in the ambulatory setting, thus lifting a critical barrier for implementing oral immunotherapy at our adult center
A web-based tailored nursing intervention to support illness management in patients hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome : a pilot study
Background: Illness management after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is crucial to prevent cardiac complications, to foster
participation in a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program, and to optimize recovery. Web-based tailored interventions have the
potential to provide individualized information and counseling to optimize patient’s illness management after hospital discharge.
Objective: We aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a Web-based tailored intervention (TAVIE@COEUR) designed
to improve illness management in patients hospitalized for an ACS. Illness management outcomes were operationalized by
self-care, medication adherence, anxiety management, cardiac risk factors reduction, and enrollment in a CR program.
Methods: This posttest pilot study was conducted with one group (N=30) of patients hospitalized for an ACS on the coronary
care unit of a tertiary cardiology center. TAVIE@COEUR comprises three Web-based sessions, with a duration ranging from 10
to 45 min and is structured around an algorithm to allow the tailoring of the intervention to different pathways according to
patients’ responses to questions. TAVIE@COEUR includes 90 pages, 85 videos, and 47 PDF documents divided across session
1 (S1), session 2 (S2), and session 3 (S3). These sessions concern self-care and self-observation skills related to medication-taking
(S1), emotional control and problem-solving skills (S2), and social skills and interacting with health professionals (S3). Throughout
the videos, a virtual nurse (providing the intervention virtually) guides the participants in the acquisition of self-care skills. Patients
completed S1 of TAVIE@COEUR before hospital discharge and were asked to complete S2 and S3 within 2 weeks after discharge.
Feasibility indicators were extracted from the TAVIE@COEUR system. Data regarding acceptability (satisfaction and appreciation
of the platform) and preliminary effect (self-care, medication adherence, anxiety management, risk factor reduction, and CR
enrollment) were assessed through questionnaires at 1 month following discharge. Preliminary effect was assessed by comparing
baseline and 1-month illness management variables.
Results: Of the 30 participants, 20 completed S1, 10 completed S2, and 5 completed S3. Good acceptability scores were observed
for ease of navigation (mean=3.58, standard deviation [SD]=0.70; scale=0-4), ease of understanding (mean=3.46, SD=0.63;
scale=0-4), and applicability (mean=3.55, SD=0.74; scale=0-4). The lowest acceptability scores were observed for information tailoring (mean=2.93, SD=0.68; scale=0-4) and individual relevance (mean=2.56, SD=0.96; scale=0-4). With regard to preliminary
effect, we observed an overall self-care at 1 month following discharge score higher than at baseline (mean at 1 month=54.07,
SD=3.99 vs mean at baseline=49.09, SD=6.92; scale-0-60).
Conclusions: Although participants reported general satisfaction and appreciation of TAVIE@COEUR, acceptability and
feasibility results show the need for further development of the Web-based intervention to enhance its tailoring before undertaking
a full-fledged randomized controlled trial. This may be accomplished by optimizing the adaptability of TAVIE@COEUR to
patients’ knowledge, needs, interests, individual capabilities, and emotional and cognitive responses during session completion
Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients
International audienceThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 disease in the French national population of dialysis patients, their course of illness and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality. Our study included all patients on dialysis recorded in the French REIN Registry in April 2020. Clinical characteristics at last follow-up and the evolution of COVID-19 illness severity over time were recorded for diagnosed cases (either suspicious clinical symptoms, characteristic signs on the chest scan or a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 1,621 infected patients were reported on the REIN registry from March 16th, 2020 to May 4th, 2020. Of these, 344 died. The prevalence of COVID-19 patients varied from less than 1% to 10% between regions. The probability of being a case was higher in males, patients with diabetes, those in need of assistance for transfer or treated at a self-care unit. Dialysis at home was associated with a lower probability of being infected as was being a smoker, a former smoker, having an active malignancy, or peripheral vascular disease. Mortality in diagnosed cases (21%) was associated with the same causes as in the general population. Higher age, hypoalbuminemia and the presence of an ischemic heart disease were statistically independently associated with a higher risk of death. Being treated at a selfcare unit was associated with a lower risk. Thus, our study showed a relatively low frequency of COVID-19 among dialysis patients contrary to what might have been assumed
The Policy, Politics and Aesthetics of Non-American Private Law: A Study of Contract Performance Interruption in France, England, Quebec and English Canada
Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients
From Clouds to Young Stellar Objects and back again: the all-in-one view from the Herschel infrared Galactic Plane Survey
From diffuse interstellar cirrus to dense atomic and molecular clouds, from protostellar to post-AGB envelopes, from super-shells to supernovae remnants, the Herschel Hi-GAL survey offer an unprecedented snapshot of all the different phases of the Galactic ISM, its evolution and interactions. I will present early results on a variety of topics including the lifetime of massive pre-stellar phases, the fragmentation and collapse of extended structures, the timeline for massive star formation, dust properties in cirrus and molecular clouds
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The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Studying the Complex Magnetic Field of L43
Abstract
We present observations of polarized dust emission at 850 μm from the L43 molecular cloud, which sits in the Ophiuchus cloud complex. The data were taken using SCUBA-2/POL-2 on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as a part of the BISTRO large program. L43 is a dense (
N
H
2
∼
10
22
–1023 cm−2) complex molecular cloud with a submillimeter-bright starless core and two protostellar sources. There appears to be an evolutionary gradient along the isolated filament that L43 is embedded within, with the most evolved source closest to the Sco OB2 association. One of the protostars drives a CO outflow that has created a cavity to the southeast. We see a magnetic field that appears to be aligned with the cavity walls of the outflow, suggesting interaction with the outflow. We also find a magnetic field strength of up to ∼160 ± 30 μG in the main starless core and up to ∼90 ± 40 μG in the more diffuse, extended region. These field strengths give magnetically super- and subcritical values, respectively, and both are found to be roughly trans-Alfvénic. We also present a new method of data reduction for these denser but fainter objects like starless cores.</jats:p