Global reachability of 2D structured systems

In this paper the new concept of 2D structured system is defined and a characterization of global reachability is obtained. This extends a well known result for 1D structured systems, according to which (A ,B ) is (generically) reachable if and only if the matrix [A B] is full generically row rank and irreducible

Rediscovery of the fossil echinoderms of the LNEG’s overseas historical collections

O presente trabalho apresenta o inventário dos fósseis de equinodermes existentes nas coleções geológicas das antigas províncias ultramarinas portuguesas arquivadas na litoteca do LNEG. Foram encontrados espécimes de equinoides e crinoides em oito coleções de Angola, Cabo Verde e Moçambique, cuja recolha foi efetuada entre 1882 e 1930. Destaca-se a redescoberta do material tipo das onze espécies de equinoides angolanas descritas por Perceval de Loriol, entre 1887 e 1905.This work presents the inventory of the fóssil echinoderms of the geological collections of the Old Portuguese overseas provinces archived in the LNEG´s Litoteca. Echinoid and crinoid specimens were found in eight collections of Angola, Cape Verde and Mozambique, gathered between 1882 and 1930. Noteworthy is the rediscovery of the type material of the eleven Angolan echinoid species described by Perceval de Loriol between 1887 and 1905.LNE

The portuguese households? Indebtedness

Mestrado em Economia Monetária e FinanceiraDesde a crise financeira de 2008 que as autoridades têm estado particularmente atentas à necessidade de estarem munidas com "indicadores de alerta preventivo" relativamente à estabilidade financeira. Aliás, o Comité de Basileia sobre Supervisão Bancária sugere a análise da diferença entre o rácio do crédito ao sector privado e o PIB e a respectiva tendência de longo prazo, apesar de ser criticado pela sua fraca adequação a países que tenham tido um rápido crescimento do crédito. Nas últimas duas décadas Portugal tem assistido a um aumento dramático do endividamento das famílias e o objectivo desta tese é precisamente examinar as razões para este aumento, analisando o rácio do crédito doméstico ao sector privado e o PIB. As principais conclusões são a não adequação da sugestão do Comité de Basileia sobre Supervisão Bancária para Portugal e a quebra da ligação entre o crédito e os depósitos desde 1992.Since the 2008's financial crisis authorities have been particularly aware about the necessity of being provided with "early warning indicators" regarding financial stability. In fact, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision suggests the analysis of the difference between the private sector credit-to-GDP ratio and its own long-term trend even though it has been criticized for its poor suitability to countries that have had a rapid credit build-up. For the past two decades Portugal has witnessed a dramatic indebtedness increase among households and the aim of this paper is precisely to examine the reasons for this increase by analysing the ratio of domestic credit to the private sector to GDP. The main conclusions are the non-suitability of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision approach for Portugal and the break of the link between deposits and credit from 1992 onwards

The portuguese households' indebtedness

Since the 2008's nancial crisis authorities have been particularly aware about the necessity of being provided with early warning indicators regarding nancial stability. In fact, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision suggests the analysis of the difference between the private sector credit-to-GDP ratio and its own long-term trend. For the past two decades Portugal, has witnessed a dramatic indebtedness increase among household. Our objective is to examine the reasons for this increase by analysing the ratio of domestic credit to the private sector to GDP between 1961 and 2011. The main conclusions are the non-suitability of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision approach for Portugal and the break of the link between deposits and credit from 1992 onwards.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The effect of water inorganic matrix in ibuprofen adsorption onto activated carbon for water and wastewater treatment

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Química e BioquímicaIn this thesis the ibuprofen adsorption onto activated carbon F400 was studied. Some of the chemical and physical properties of the carbon were studied, with two different particle sizes and one functionalized carbon. Through model solutions of natural and wastewaters, the influence of the pH and ionic strength was studied, varying also the ratio of monovalent and divalent ions. The integrated analyses of the chemical and the textural characterization of the carbons as well as the kinetic and isotherm studies performed, using non-linear models for the parameters calculation and respective fittings of the experimental data allowed the following conclusions: i) the carbon particle size has a significant influence on the adsorption, being the limiting step the external mass transfer for the smaller granulometry, while for the larger granulometry the process was governed by the internal diffusion; ii) increasing the basicity of the carbon surface (functionalized carbon) it was possible to obtain better removal ratios, so the chemical surface is relevant in this process; iii) adsorption at acid pH is primarily governed by hydrophobic forces and the compound removal is favored; iv) when electrostatic forces govern the reaction (pH 6-8) the adsorption greatly depends on the ionic strength, being favored when the adsorbent/adsorbate interactions are repulsive and disfavored when the interactions are attactive; v) for saline waters with high pH it proved disadvantageous the use of carbon with higher basicity, possibly because the two effects cancel each other out the functionalization has only proven effective when the pH and the ionic strength varied inversely; vi) the ibuprofen adsorption did not varied when the only parameter changed was the type of ion, the ions used were the calcium (which confers hardness) and the potassium (conferring salinity). Therefore, only the ionic strength seems to influence the compound adsorption and not the nature of the ions

Innovative business plan: An implementation of e-commerce to the sexual industry

This business plan provides, first, an investigation into the development of e-commerce websites, the demand of purchases on these platforms and, an analysis of Internet sexuality, which includes sex shops, consumer preferences and evolution of sexuality. And secondly, investigates what consumers’ behaviors are related to online purchases and the consumption of sexual products in Portuguese society and how the perception of sexuality has evolved over recent years. The main focus of the company created was to facilitate the purchase of sexual products. It aimed to offer a personalized service, match products according to customer needs, and transform the negative image created by society with trustworthy information and education about the topic, and provides innovation regarding to the products. This business can be considered an incremental innovation in the sexuality market in Portugal because it applies significant changes according to what’s already exist in the market and enhances the customer experience while not fundamentally deviating from existing companies (Ovuakporie et al., 2021). The e-commerce is committed to selling sexual products, but only the ones that have already been fully tested by the team, and that are guaranteed to be a good choice. When the time comes for the client to choose the product, the client can select the one that matches their necessities with the support of a the specialized team. The main idea would be selling a specific range of categorized products, selected according to high quality and promote new and different consumer experiences while providing knowledge about the topic.O plano de negócios apresentado prevê, em primeiro lugar, uma investigação sobre o desenvolvimento de plataformas de e-commerce, a procura e compras efetivas nestas plataformas, uma análise da sexualidade na Internet (que incluí sex shops, preferências do consumidor) e evolução da sexualidade. E, em segundo lugar, investigar quais são os comportamentos/consumos da sociedade portuguesa relacionados com as compras online, o consumo de produtos sexuais e analisar como a perceção da sexualidade evoluiu nos últimos anos. O objetivo principal da empresa é facilitar a compra de produtos sexuais. Esta pretende oferecer aconselhamento, produtos personalizados de acordo com as necessidades do cliente e transformar a imagem negativa criada na sociedade com informações de confiança e educacionais sobre o tema e fornecer produtos inovadores. Com isto, este negócio pode ser definido como inovação incremental no mercado da sexualidade em Portugal, porque irá aplicar mudanças significativas de acordo com o que já existe e melhorar a experiência do cliente. Sem se desviar fundamentalmente das empresas existentes (Ovuakporie et al., 2021). A loja online compromete-se a vender produtos sexuais, mas apenas os que já tenham sido testados pela equipa e que tenham a garantia de ser uma boa escolha. No momento da compra, o cliente pode escolher o que mais se adapta às suas necessidades com o apoio da equipa especializada. A ideia principal é vender uma gama específica de produtos, escolhidos de acordo com a garantia de qualidade e promover experiências novas e diferentes aos consumidores, ao mesmo tempo que se proporcionam conhecimentos sobre o tema

Development of a classification algorithm for vehicle impacts: an anomaly detection approach

Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia InformáticaIn the past decade, Machine Learning has been heavily applied to automobile industry solutions, the most promising being development of autonomous vehicles. New mobility services are available today as alternatives to owning a car, like ride hailing and carsharing. High costs associated with the maintenance of the vehicle and the reduced rate of vehicle use throughout the day are some of the factors for the popularity of these services. Car-sharing is self-service mode of transport that provides its members with access to a fleet of vehicles parked in various locations throughout a city. Damages are expected to happen when vehicles are used and the required repair implies costs to fleet operators. Systems able to detect these damages will promote a better use of these vehicles by vehicle users. Vehicle damages result from impacts with other objects, for instance, other vehicles or structures of any kind and these impacts inflict deformations to the vehicle exterior structure. Most of these impacts can be perceived or detected by the forces involved as result of the impact. Anomaly Detection is a technique applicable in a variety of domains, such as intrusion detection, fraud detection, event detection in sensor network or detection ecosystem disturbances. The objective of this thesis is the study and development of a semi-supervised intelligent system for detection and classification of vehicle impacts with an Anomaly Detection approach, using the accelerometer data, and following a strategy that would allow exploring a Machine Learning cycle. This thesis was developed under an internship in the company Bosch Car Multimedia S.A, located in Braga.Na última década, Machine Learning tem sido extensamente utilizado em soluções na indústria automóvel, o mais promissor sendo o desenvolvimento de veículos com condução autônoma. Novos serviços de mobilidade estão disponíveis hoje como alternativas à posse de um carro, como ride hailing ou car-sharing. Os elevados custos associados à manutenção do veículo e a sua reduzida taxa de utilização ao longo do dia são alguns dos fatores que contribuem para a popularidade destes serviços. Car-sharing é um modo de transporte self-service que fornece aos seus membros acesso a uma frota de veículos estacionados em vários locais duma cidade. Danos são espectáveis de ocorrer quando os veículos são usados e a reparação necessária implica custos para os operadores da frota. Sistemas capazes de detectar esses danos irão promover um melhor aproveitamento desses veículos pelos utilizadores dos veículos. Os danos de veículos resultam de impactos com outros objetos como, por exemplo, outros veículos ou estruturas e esses impactos provocam deformações na estrutura externa do veículo. A maioria desses impactos podem ser compreendidos ou detetados pelas forças envolvidas do resultado do impacto. Anomaly Detection é uma técnica aplicável em uma variedade de domínios, como deteção de intrusões, deteção de fraude, deteção de eventos numa rede de sensores ou deteção de distúrbios no ecossistema. O objetivo desta dissertação foi o estudo e desenvolvimento de um sistema inteligente semi-supervisionado para detecção e classificação de impactos de veículos a partir de uma abordagem de Anomaly Detection, utilizando os dados de acelerómetro, e seguindo uma estratégia que permitisse explorar um ciclo de Machine Learning. Esta dissertação foi desenvolvida no âmbito de um estágio na empresa Bosch Car Multimedia S.A, situada em Braga