Galectin-1 in myelin repair

Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is a member of a highly conserved family of animal lectins which binds to the common disaccharide [Galβ(1-4)-GlcNAc] on both N- and O-glycans decorating cell surface glycoconjugates. Current evidence supports a role for Gal-1 in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases, as approximately one third of MS patients generate high titres of anti-Gal-1 antibodies. Four different lesion types have been described in MS: pattern-1 and -2 lesions are thought to be mediated by the autoimmune response, while pattern-3 and -4 lesions are considered primary oligodendropathy. The first two types are experimentally simulated in mice by experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), while the second two are mimicked by toxic models such as cuprizone (CPZ) or lysolecithin (LPC) administration. Studies in EAE models have demonstrated that Gal-1 is highly expressed in the acute phase of the disease and that its deficiency leads to severe inflammation-induced neurodegeneration [1]. Regarding its mechanism of action,Fil: Rinaldi, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Thomas, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Pasquini, Laura Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; Argentin

A Agenda 2030 e a Cooperação Sul-Sul: O papel do Fundo IBAS na implementação dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável em Santa Lúcia (2015-2018)

This paper analyzes the role of the India, Brazil and South Africa Facility for Poverty and Hunger Alleviation (IBSA Fund) in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. Drawing lessons from the IBSA Fund project “Poverty Reduction through Livestock Development” in Saint Lucia, we highlight the advantages of South-South cooperation as a means of implementing the 2030 Agenda.Esse artigo analisa o papel do Fundo IBAS para o Alívio da Fome e Pobreza na implementação dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável. A partir do projeto do Fundo IBAS em Santa Lúcia, intitulado “Redução da pobreza por meio do desenvolvimento pecuário”, enfatizamos as vantagens e os desafios em usar a cooperação Sul-Sul como um meio de implementação da Agenda 2030

Scanning electron microscope analysis of PMMA third generation: a comparative experimental study

Introduction: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is an inert, biocompatible, rejection-free filler that does not induce infection, necrosis, or tissue damage. It is a polymer used in various diseases and in facial and body sequelae of congenital or acquired diseases, and for aesthetic purposes too. The PMMA manufacturer claims that the product has been improved, purified, and standardized (3rd generation) with rigid microspheres regularity that does not allow phagocytosis, consequently, reducing the inflammatory reaction. Objective: To prove this statement, the present study was conducted, whose objective was to analyze the physical characteristics of the PMMA particles distributed by the two Brazilian companies. Results: The two samples showed no statistical difference, being virtually the same. Conclusion: The surface homogeneity and particle size confirmed the hypothesis of product improvement, which will positively reflect on the clinical results of the product application, this fact can be proven by future studies

Efecto de los hidrolizados de amaranto sobre el sistema cardiovascular

Desde hace ya varios años existe una gran preocupación social sobre el efecto que poseen los alimentos en la salud del consumidor. En este sentido existen numerosos estudios que muestran la acción de diferentes componentes alimentarios sobre distintos sistemas del organismo humano. Así por ejemplo en los últimos diez años se han reunido evidencias que indican que las proteínas alimentarias son fuentes de péptidos bioactivos, los cuales se liberan en el organismo durante la digestión y ejercen un efecto benéfico más allá del nutricional. En función de estas evidencias decidimos analizar la existencia de péptidos bioactivos con actividad hipotensora obtenidos por hidrólisis enzimática controlada de aislados proteicos de amaranto (APA). Se procedió a la obtención de hidrolizados con alcalasa y de distinto grado de hidrólisis. Los objetivos específicos fueron los siguientes: 1- Evaluar la actividad inhibidora de la enzima conversora de angiotensina por los hidrolizados de amaranto. 2- Evaluar el efecto de los hidrolizados de amaranto sobre la presión arterial 3- En el caso de encontrar un efecto hipotensor, estudiar in-vitro si ese efecto se debe predominantemente a vasodilatación periférica o a depresión de la contractilidad miocárdica.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Meralgia paresthetica by compression from a modeling girdle

Meralgia paresthetica is characterized by pain, paresthesia or burning sensation, and reduction of tactile and pain sensitivity in the anterolateral surface of the thigh. This disability is caused by a neuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). Conservative treatment is often successful at relieving the symptoms in the majority of patients. We describe the case of a 44-year-old patient who presented with these symptoms caused by postoperative use of a surgical girdle after aesthetic surgery

Evaluación de la disfunción cardíaca en el modelo murino de enfermedad de Fabry

Los objetivos del presente trabajo son analizar la función cardíaca mediante ecocardiograma y la actividad contráctil de músculos papilares aislados y cardiomiocitos del corazón de ratones Fabry (RF) en comparación con los de cepa salvaje (RWT).Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Saúde na infância: uma parceria entre saberes / Childhood health: a partnership of knowledge

O projeto “Saúde na infância: uma parceria entre saberes” foi desenvolvido durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em uma escola de Educação Infantil localizada no norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Através da Liga Acadêmica de Saúde da Criança da Universidade de Passo Fundo, alunas da graduação de dois cursos da área da saúde levaram informações sobre saúde e qualidade de vida para pais, crianças e professores em um momento aflitivo, no qual os alunos não estavam frequentando a escola de maneira presencial e o acesso aos atendimentos de saúde estava escasso devido a demanda emergente

Gene therapy with AR isoform 2 rescues spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy phenotype 2 by modulating AR transcriptional activity:AR isoform 2 counteracts polyglutamine AR toxicity

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an X-linked, adult-onset neuromuscular condition caused by an abnormal polyglutamine (polyQ) tract expansion in androgen receptor (AR) protein. SBMA is a disease with high unmet clinical need. Recent studies have shown that mutant AR-altered transcriptional activity is key to disease pathogenesis. Restoring the transcriptional dysregulation without affecting other AR critical functions holds great promise for the treatment of SBMA and other AR-related conditions; however, how this targeted approach can be achieved and translated into a clinical application remains to be understood. Here, we characterized the role of AR isoform 2, a naturally occurring variant encoding a truncated AR lacking the polyQ-harboring domain, as a regulatory switch of AR genomic functions in androgen-responsive tissues. Delivery of this isoform using a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector type 9 resulted in amelioration of the disease phenotype in SBMA mice by restoring polyQ AR-dysregulated transcriptional activity

Assessment of NER solutions against the first and second CALBC Silver Standard Corpus

Background Competitions in text mining have been used to measure the performance of automatic text processing solutions against a manually annotated gold standard corpus (GSC). The preparation of the GSC is time-consuming and costly and the final corpus consists at the most of a few thousand documents annotated with a limited set of semantic groups. To overcome these shortcomings, the CALBC project partners (PPs) have produced a large-scale annotated biomedical corpus with four different semantic groups through the harmonisation of annotations from automatic text mining solutions, the first version of the Silver Standard Corpus (SSC-I). The four semantic groups are chemical entities and drugs (CHED), genes and proteins (PRGE), diseases and disorders (DISO) and species (SPE). This corpus has been used for the First CALBC Challenge asking the participants to annotate the corpus with their text processing solutions. Results All four PPs from the CALBC project and in addition, 12 challenge participants (CPs) contributed annotated data sets for an evaluation against the SSC-I. CPs could ignore the training data and deliver the annotations from their genuine annotation system, or could train a machine-learning approach on the provided pre-annotated data. In general, the performances of the annotation solutions were lower for entities from the categories CHED and PRGE in comparison to the identification of entities categorized as DISO and SPE. The best performance over all semantic groups were achieved from two annotation solutions that have been trained on the SSC-I. The data sets from participants were used to generate the harmonised Silver Standard Corpus II (SSC-II), if the participant did not make use of the annotated data set from the SSC-I for training purposes. The performances of the participants’ solutions were again measured against the SSC-II. The performances of the annotation solutions showed again better results for DISO and SPE in comparison to CHED and PRGE. Conclusions The SSC-I delivers a large set of annotations (1,121,705) for a large number of documents (100,000 Medline abstracts). The annotations cover four different semantic groups and are sufficiently homogeneous to be reproduced with a trained classifier leading to an average F-measure of 85%. Benchmarking the annotation solutions against the SSC-II leads to better performance for the CPs’ annotation solutions in comparison to the SSC-I