Emergency department access block occupancy predicts delay to surgery in patients with fractured neck of femur

Objective: The present study aimed to identify any relationship between existing access block occupancy (ABO) at the time of patient presentation and delay to definitive procedure. Methods: Retrospective descriptive cohort study of all patients aged ove

Procedural sedation in a tertiary referral trauma centre: A retrospective audit

Procedural sedation complications are common in Australasian Emergency Departments (EDs). This study aimed to compare procedural sedation complications between The Canberra Hospital ED (TCH ED) and the available Australasian literature and to determine if sedation associated complications were amenable to simple intervention. All procedural sedations performed over two and half years in TCH ED were retrospectively reviewed. Complications were defined as per the previous comparable Australasian study, as those events requiring an intervention. 1793 sedations were reviewed: 1125 (63%) for orthopaedic procedures, other 276 (a collection of painful procedures), 208 suturing and 169 direct current cardioversions. The median age was 29 years with 538 (30%) children under the age of 16 years. The complication rate in the initial six-months was 4.0% dropping to 1.3% after multiple education sessions before rebounding to 3.1% in the last six-months. The overall complication rate was 3.1% (95% CI 2.3-4.0) which is significantly lower (P<0.0001) than the comparable previous major Australian study (7.2%, 95% CI 6.2-8.2). There was significantly less use of Midazolam (10.3% vs 23.8% P<0.00001) and Morphine (1.5% vs 7.9% P<0.00001). There was one case of laryngospasm requiring intubation but subsequently discharged at baseline, otherwise no recorded major adverse events. Therefore procedural sedation at TCH ED has a complication rate less than that previously reported and this may be due to evolution of the agents used. The complications seem to be readily amenable to education around prevention, but the benefit of these education sessions appears to decay over time

Outside The Box: Building a Digital Asset Management Ecosystem for Preservation and Access

The University of Houston (UH) Libraries made an institutional commitment in late 2015 to migrate the data for its digitized cultural heritage collections to open source systems for preservation and access: Hydra-in-a-Box, Archivematica, and ArchivesSpace. This article describes the work that the UH Libraries implementation team has completed to date, including open source tools for streamlining digital curation workflows, minting and resolving identifiers, and managing SKOS vocabularies. These systems, workflows, and tools, collectively known as the Bayou City Digital Asset Management System (BCDAMS), represent a novel effort to solve common issues in the digital curation lifecycle and may serve as a model for other institutions seeking to implement flexible and comprehensive systems for digital preservation and access.Librarie

Assisted living facilities residents' and relatives' preferences for family access to their medical and personal information

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on August 2, 2010).Thesis advisor: David Moxley.M.S. University of Missouri-Columbia 2010.The purpose of this study is to explore privacy preferences of elderly residents and their relatives at assisted living facilities. In the past year, there has been a large increase in the interest and concept of accessing medical information as a right for every American. The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH Act) as well as the Office of National Coordinator for Health IT's Nationwide Health Information Network (NHIN) project are prime examples of this increased awareness and interest. This pilot study focuses on just the privacy access rights for family access. To explore this, a structured interview questionnaire was created and administered to 12 participants, 10 of whom were residents at two assisted living facilities and two of whom were relatives of residents. The most interesting result was that some residents understand "access" to mean that the person accessing the information can also act upon that information. An actionable discovery is that illness has a huge impact on how often the participants wanted to review their access preferences, as well as what their preferences are. Further study is required to fully explore these findings.Includes bibliographical reference

Divergent gold-catalysed reactions of cyclopropenylmethyl sulfonamides with tethered heteroaromatics

Cyclopropenylmethyl sulfonamides with tethered heteroaromatics have been demonstrated to undergo divergent gold-catalysed cyclisation reactions. A formal dearomative (4+3) cycloaddition takes place with furan-tethered substrates, yielding densely functionalised 5,7-fused heterocycles related to the bioactive curcusone natural products. Indole-tethered substrates display divergent reactivity giving biologically important tetrahydro-β-carbolines via a Friedel-Crafts mechanism

Ecological niche and potential geographic distribution of the invasive fruit fly *Bactrocera invadens* (Diptera, Tephritidae)

Two correlative approaches to the challenge of ecological niche modeling (genetic algorithm, maximum entropy) were used to estimate the potential global distribution of the invasive fruit fly, Bactrocera invadens, based on associations between known occurrence records and a set of environmental predictor variables. The two models yielded similar estimates, largely corresponding to Equatorial climate classes with high levels of precipitation. The maximum entropy approach was somewhat more conservative in its evaluation of suitability, depending on thresholds for presence/absence that are selected, largely excluding areas with distinct dry seasons; the genetic algorithm models, in contrast, indicate that climate class as partly suitable. Predictive tests based on independent distributional data indicate that model predictions are quite robust. Field observations in Benin and Tanzania confirm relationships between seasonal occurrences of this species and humidity and temperature

A Plasmid-Transposon Hybrid Mutagenesis System Effective in a Broad Range of Enterobacteria.

Random transposon mutagenesis is a powerful technique used to generate libraries of genetic insertions in many different bacterial strains. Here we develop a system facilitating random transposon mutagenesis in a range of different Gram-negative bacterial strains, including Pectobacterium atrosepticum, Citrobacter rodentium, Serratia sp. ATCC39006, Serratia plymuthica, Dickeya dadantii, and many more. Transposon mutagenesis was optimized in each of these strains and three studies are presented to show the efficacy of this system. Firstly, the important agricultural pathogen D. dadantii was mutagenized. Two mutants that showed reduced protease production and one mutant producing the previously cryptic pigment, indigoidine, were identified and characterized. Secondly, the enterobacterium, Serratia sp. ATCC39006 was mutagenized and mutants incapable of producing gas vesicles, proteinaceous intracellular organelles, were identified. One of these contained a β-galactosidase transcriptional fusion within the gene gvpA1, essential for gas vesicle production. Finally, the system was used to mutate the biosynthetic gene clusters of the antifungal, anti-oomycete and anticancer polyketide, oocydin A, in the plant-associated enterobacterium, Dickeya solani MK10. The mutagenesis system was developed to allow easy identification of transposon insertion sites by sequencing, after facile generation of a replicon encompassing the transposon and adjacent DNA, post-excision. Furthermore, the system can also create transcriptional fusions with either β-galactosidase or β-glucuronidase as reporters, and exploits a variety of drug resistance markers so that multiple selectable fusions can be generated in a single strain. This system of various transposons has wide utility and can be combined in many different ways.The authors would like to acknowledge several funding sources. D. Smith was supported by a PhD studentship from the BBSRC. Work in the MW lab is supported by the BBSRC (grants BB/G015171/1 and BB/M019411/1). K. Roberts was funded by an MRC studentship. R. Monson and the Salmond lab were supported by grants from the BBSRC (Grant No Provisional BB/K001833/1). M.A. Matilla was supported by the EU Marie-Curie Intra-European Fellowship for Career Development (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF), grant number 298003. B. Richardson was supported by a Harry Smith vacation studentship from the SGM, UK. The authors would also like to thank Ray Chai for careful reading and comments on this manuscript. Alison Drew provided technical support. Work with plant pathogens was carried out under DEFRA licence No. 50864/197900/1.This is the final version of the article. It was first available from Frontiers via http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.0144

CFD Modeling of Fluidized Beds

We review the mathematical modeling of fluidized suspensions with focus on the Eulerian (or multifluid) approach. After a brief survey of different modeling approaches adopted for multiphase flows, we discuss the Eulerian equations of motion for fluidized suspensions of a finite number of monodisperse particle classes, obtained by volume averaging. We present the problem of closure for the stress tensors and the interaction forces between the phases and report some of the constitutive relations used for them in the literature. Finally, we explain briefly the population balance modeling approach, which allows handling suspensions of particles continuously distributed over any of their properties of interest