Reflexões sobre o Discurso Social das Telenovelas no Contexto Latino-americano

Resenha sobre o livro: SANTA CRUZ A., Eduardo. Las telenovelas puerta adentro: el discurso social de la telenovela chilena. 1ª. Ed. Santiago: LOM Ediciones, 2003

Os desenhos animados na área da comunicação : conteúdos e abordagens interdisciplinares presentes nas teses e dissertações defendidas entre 1987 e 2012.

Orientadora : Profª Drª Glaucia da Silva BritoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Artes, Comunicação e Design, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação. Defesa: Curitiba, 24/02/2014Inclui referênciasÁrea de concentração: Comunicação e SociedadeResumo: O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar o estado da arte das pesquisas acadêmicas brasileiras em comunicação sobre desenhos animados, a fim de compreender como se construiu a pesquisa em nível de pós-graduação a partir da interface com outros campos do conhecimento, em especial, com a educação. Para isso, foi feito um levantamento no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES de todos os trabalhos de pós-graduação em comunicação defendidos no Brasil no período entre 1987 e 2012 que tivessem os desenhos animados como temática central de estudo. Ao todo, foram localizados 43 trabalhos (5 teses de doutorado e 38 dissertações de mestrado) que compuseram o corpus dessa pesquisa. A pesquisa se deu em duas etapas distintas: inicialmente, foi feita a leitura dos textos integrais e o fichamento catalográfico dos 43 trabalhos analisados. Na sequência, esse material foi analisado a partir de três eixos: aspectos gerais (área do conhecimento, dependência administrativa e localização geográfica da instituição de ensino onde o trabalho foi defendido, nível e programa da pós-graduação e ano de defesa), aspectos metodológicos (tipo de pesquisa, procedimentos de coleta de dados, abordagem do problema, delineamentos teórico-metodológicos e tipos de referências bibliográficas utilizados) e aspectos de conteúdo (abordagens interdisciplinares, mídias abordadas, origem das referências bibliográficas e autores citados). O referencial teórico utilizado neste trabalho consiste de autores da área do cinema de animação, tais como Barbosa Júnior (2005), Beckerman (2013), Halas e Manvel (1980), Williams (2009), Thomas e Johnston (1998) bem como autores da Comunicação cujas investigações tangenciam, de forma interdisciplinar, outros campos de estudos, tais como França (2010), Martino (2009), Setton (2011), Baccega (2013), Melo e Tosta (2008). Para a metodologia do estado da arte, essa pesquisa baseou-se nos pressupostos de autores como Romanowski (2002; 2006), Brzezinski (2006), Ferreira (2002) e Vermelho (2005). Por fim, foi utilizada a metodologia de Bardin (2011) para o estabelecimento de categorias de análise de conteúdo das teses e dissertações analisadas. Entre os resultados encontrados, verificou-se presença de múltiplas abordagens e interfaces nas pesquisas analisadas, com cruzamentos epistemológicos e teóricos com diversas áreas das ciências humanas (psicologia, sociologia, filosofia, educação e história), bem como áreas tão díspares quanto a informática, as artes plásticas e administração de empresas. Em relação à fundamentação teórica, foi observada uma forte presença de autores da semiótica, da análise do discurso (escolas francesa e inglesa), dos frankfurtianos clássicos, além de historiadores específicos do campo da animação. Não foram encontradas, no entanto, referências a linhas de investigação genuinamente brasileiras, como a folkcomunicação. Por fim, em relação às interfaces da comunicação com o campo específico da educação, foi constatada uma relativa escassez de trabalhos que tenham analisado os desenhos animados a partir de uma abordagem pedagógica, denotando uma possível lacuna na investigação acadêmica brasileira.Abstract: This Master's thesis has the objective of elaborating an academic state of knowledge analysis of the Brazilian researches in Communication studies about animated cartoons, in order to understand how the investigation in this field has evolved through an interdisciplinary approach to other fields of knowledge, mainly the Educational area. Preliminary data was retrieved from the CAPES Thesis and Dissertations Database, on which Brazilian academic post-graduation works between 1987 and 2012 are stored. 43 academic researches in Communication were found (5 Doctorate's thesis and 38 Master's thesis), which formed the object of analysis of this research. The investigation evolved in two separate moments: initially, a complete text reading and a systematic cataloging of all 43 selected researches were done. After that, this material was analyzed under three main categories: general aspects (field of knowledge, type and location of the university, post-graduation level, programs and released year), methodological aspects (type of research, data collection methods, approach, research design and types of references) and content aspects (interdisciplinary approaches, media, origin of the referenced books and authors). The theoretical background in this Master's thesis consists of authors from the animated movie field, such as Barbosa Júnior, (2005), Beckerman (2013), Halas and Manvel (1980), Williams (2009), Thomas and Johnston (1998), as well as Communication authors whose lines of investigation cross other fields of knowledge in an interdisciplinary way, such as França (2010), Martino (2009), Setton (2011), Baccega (2013), Melo and Tosta (2008). For the state of knowledge methodology, this research was supported by authors such as Romanowski (2002; 2006), Brzezinski (2006), Ferreira (2002) e Vermelho (2005). At last, Bardin's (2011) content analysis methodology was used to establish the categories of analysis of the Master's and Doctorate's thesis. Among the results, a significant presence of multiple approaches on the analyzed researches was observed, with theoretical and epistemological crossings between different fields of studies in Human Sciences (Psychology, Sociology, Philosophy, Education and History), as well as in areas as distant as Informatics, Plastic Arts and Business Administration. Furthermore, authors from the Semiotics, Content Analysis (French and English tradition), the Frankfurt School and from animated movies were regularly referenced on these researches. However, references to authors from genuinely Brazilian lines of investigation, such as the folkcommunication, have not been found. A relative absence of researches which have analyzed the animated cartoons from a pedagogical perspective has also been detected, what might suggest a possible gap in the Brazilian academic investigation

Desenhos animados e estudos de recepção: um breve histórico das principais correntes de investigação

Resumo Neste artigo é traçado um panorama histórico sobre a recepção de desenhos animados à luz das principais correntes teóricas da Comunicação, com o objetivo de compreender os delineamentos teórico-metodológicos próprios de cada corrente. Para isso, partiu-se da sistematização proposta por Jensen e Rosengren (1990), que classificaram o estudo da recepção em cinco correntes: Teoria dos Efeitos, Usos e Gratificações, Estudos Literários, Estudos Culturais e Análise da Recepção. A metodologia utilizada consiste no levantamento de pesquisas relevantes em cada uma das cinco correntes, relacionando os métodos utilizados com os pressupostos teóricos próprios de cada uma delas. Foram identificados pontos de contato entre essas abordagens, bem como influências teóricas e metodológicas entre as correntes de investigação nos estudos de recepção.   Palavras-chave: Recepção; Audiência; Desenhos; Infância; Comunicação.   Resumen En esto artículo se trazó un panorama histórico sobre la recepción de dibujos animados bajo las principales corrientes de la Teoría de la Comunicación, con el objetivo de comprender los diseños teóricos y metodológicos específicos para cada línea de investigación. El punto de partida para esta análise es la sistematización propuesta por Jensen e Rosengren (1990), que clasificaron el estudio de la recepción en cinco corrientes: Teoria de los Efectos, Usos y Gratificaciones, Critica Literaria, Estudios Culturales y Análisis de la Recepción. La metodología utilizada consiste en la búsqueda de investigaciones académicas pertinentes a cada una de las cinco corrientes, relacionando los métodos utilizados con los supuestos teóricos específicos de cada una. Se identificaron puntos de contato entre estos abordajes y influencias teóricas y metodológicas que determinada corriente ejerció sobre otra en los estudios de recepción.   Palabras clave: Recepción; Audiencia; Dibujos; Infancia; Comunicación.   Abstract This article provides a historical overview about the reception of animated cartoons under the main traditions of the Communication Theory, with the objective of understanding the theoretical and methodological designs of each tradition. The starting point is the classification proposed by Jensen and Rosengren (1990), who categorized the audience analysis in five traditions: Effects Research, Uses and Gratifications, Literary Criticism, Cultural Studies and Reception Analysis. The methodology used in this article consists in a survey of relevant researches carried on in each of the five traditions, describing the applied methods and theoretical assumptions. Points of contact have been identified between these approaches, as well as methodological and theoretical influences which a given line of investigation has produced in another concerning the reception studies.   Keywords: Reception; Audience; Cartoons; Childhood; Communication

Direct Dose Consequences Due to DOE-STD-1027 Threshold Values

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the potential direct dose consequences to facility workers and/or co-located workers from a Hazard Category 2 or 3 nuclear facility or a less than Hazard Category 3 radiological inventory. At the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), the safety analysis for several Hazard Category 3 nuclear facilities had to be revisited and the direct dose consequences associated with the facility radiological inventory had to be analyzed and incorporated into the safety analysis. This additional safety analysis was required because it was assumed that for a nuclear facility operating with radiological inventories between the Hazard Category 3 threshold quantities as a lower bounds and less the Hazard Category 2 threshold quantities as an upper bounds, the risk to the facility worker and/or co-located worker was within the INEEL Evaluation Guidelines for radiological exposures

In vitro and in vivo chemosensitizing effect of cyclosporin A on an intrinsic multidrug-resistant rat colon tumour

Colon tumours are intrinsically resistant to chemotherapy and most of them express the multidrug transporter P glycoprotein (Pgp). Whether this Pgp expression determines their resistance to anticancer agents in patients is not known. We report here on the reversibility of intrinsic multidrug resistance in a syngeneic, solid tumour model. CC531 is a rat colon carcinoma that expresses Pgp, as was shown with the monoclonal antibody C-219. In vitro the sensitivity to doxorubicin, daunorubicin and colchicine was enhanced by the addition of the chemosensitizers verapamil and cyclosporin A (CsA), while the sensitivity to cisplatin was not enhanced. In a daunorubicin accumulation assay verapamil and CsA enhanced the daunorbicin content of CC531 cells. In vivo CsA was injected intramuscularly for 3 consecutive days at a dose of 20 mg kg-1 day-1. This resulted in whole-blood CsA levels above 2 μmol/l, while intratumoral CsA levels amounted to 3.6 μmol/kg. In a subrenal capsule assay the maximal tolerable dose of doxorubicin (4 mg/kg) significantly reduced tumour growth. Doxorubicin at 3 mg/kg was not effective, but in combination with CsA this dose was as effective as 4 mg/kg doxorubicin. These experiments show that adequate doses of the chemosensitizing drug CsA can be obtained in vivo, resulting in increased antitumoral activity of doxorubicin in vivo. The in vitro and in vivo data together suggest that the chemosensitization by CsA is mediated by Pgp. This finding may have implications for the application of CsA and CsA-like chemosensitizers in the clinical setting

Para Todxs: Natal - uma introdução à lógica formal

Livro-texto de introdução à lógica, com (mais do que) pitadas de filosofia da lógica, produzido como uma versão revista e ampliada do livro Forallx: Calgary. Trata-se de uma versão rascunho, (0.7), em fase de revisão, e que deverá estar pronta para publicação até o final de 2021. Comentários, críticas, correções e sugestões são muito bem-vindos

Heme oxygenase-1 regulates cell proliferation via carbon monoxide-mediated inhibition of T-type Ca2+ channels

Induction of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) affords cellular protection and suppresses proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) associated with a variety of pathological cardiovascular conditions including myocardial infarction and vascular injury. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Over-expression of Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels in HEK293 cells raised basal [Ca2+]i and increased proliferation as compared with non-transfected cells. Proliferation and [Ca2+]i levels were reduced to levels seen in non-transfected cells either by induction of HO-1 or exposure of cells to the HO-1 product, carbon monoxide (CO) (applied as the CO releasing molecule, CORM-3). In the aortic VSMC line A7r5, proliferation was also inhibited by induction of HO-1 or by exposure of cells to CO, and patch-clamp recordings indicated that CO inhibited T-type (as well as L-type) Ca2+ currents in these cells. Finally, in human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells, proliferation was reduced by T-type channel inhibition or by HO-1 induction or CO exposure. The effects of T-type channel blockade and HO-1 induction were non-additive. Collectively, these data indicate that HO-1 regulates proliferation via CO-mediated inhibition of T-type Ca2+ channels. This signalling pathway provides a novel means by which proliferation of VSMCs (and other cells) may be regulated therapeutically

Characterisation and expression of calpain family members in relation to nutritional status, diet composition and flesh texture in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

Calpains are non-lysosomal calcium-activated neutral proteases involved in a wide range of cellular processes including muscle proteolysis linked to post-mortem flesh softening. The aims of this study were (a) to characterise several members of the calpain system in gilthead sea bream and (b) to examine their expression in relation to nutritional status and muscle tenderisation. We identified the complete open reading frame of gilthead sea bream calpains1-3, sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapn3, and two paralogs of the calpain small subunit1, sacapns1a and sacapns1b. Proteins showed 63-90% sequence identity compared with sequences from mammals and other teleost fishes, and the characteristic domain structure of vertebrate calpains. Transcripts of sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapns1a and sacapns1b had a wide tissue distribution, whereas sacapn3 was almost exclusively detected in skeletal muscle. Next, we assessed transcript expression in skeletal muscle following alteration of nutritional status by (a) fasting and re-feeding or (b) feeding four experimental diets with different carbohydrate-to-protein ratios. Fasting significantly reduced plasma glucose and increased free fatty acids and triglycerides, together with a significant increase in sacapns1b expression. Following 7 days of re-feeding, plasma parameters returned to fed values and sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapns1a and sacapns1b expression was significantly reduced. Furthermore, an increase in dietary carbohydrate content (11 to 39%) diminished growth but increased muscle texture, which showed a significant correlation with decreased sacapn1 and sacapns1a expression, whilst the other calpains remained unaffected. This study has demonstrated that calpain expression is modulated by nutritional status and diet composition in gilthead sea bream, and that the expression of several calpain members is correlated with muscle texture, indicating their potential use as molecular markers for flesh quality in aquaculture production

Identifying subtypes of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration by genotypic and cardiovascular risk characteristics

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>One of the challenges in the interpretation of studies showing associations between environmental and genotypic data with disease outcomes such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is understanding the phenotypic heterogeneity within a patient population with regard to any risk factor associated with the condition. This is critical when considering the potential therapeutic response of patients to any drug developed to treat the condition. In the present study, we identify patient subtypes or clusters which could represent several different targets for treatment development, based on genetic pathways in AMD and cardiovascular pathology.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We identified a sample of patients with neovascular AMD, that in previous studies had been shown to be at elevated risk for the disease through environmental factors such as cigarette smoking and genetic variants including the complement factor H gene (<it>CFH</it>) on chromosome 1q25 and variants in the <it>ARMS2</it>/HtrA serine peptidase 1 (<it>HTRA1</it>) gene(s) on chromosome 10q26. We conducted a multivariate segmentation analysis of 253 of these patients utilizing available epidemiologic and genetic data.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In a multivariate model, cigarette smoking failed to differentiate subtypes of patients. However, four meaningfully distinct clusters of patients were identified that were most strongly differentiated by their cardiovascular health status (histories of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension), and the alleles of <it>ARMS2</it>/<it>HTRA1 </it>rs1049331.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results have significant personalized medicine implications for drug developers attempting to determine the effective size of the treatable neovascular AMD population. Patient subtypes or clusters may represent different targets for therapeutic development based on genetic pathways in AMD and cardiovascular pathology, and treatments developed that may elevate CV risk, may be ill advised for certain of the clusters identified.</p