El derecho a la adopción por parejas homosexuales

La adopción por parte de matrimonios entre personas del mismo sexo es una realidad en la Ciudad de México desde abril del año 2010, luego en Coahuila a partir del 2014 y en Campeche en octubre del 2016, donde el Alto Tribunal falló a favor de la adopción de niños por parejas homosexuales al declarar inconstitucional la Ley de Sociedades Civiles de Convivencia. En el primer caso, la posibilidad se dio luego de aprobados los cambios en el Código Civil en diciembre del 2009; la posibilidad de que parejas del mismo sexo puedan adoptar en México ha generado diversos puntos de vista de acuerdo a la moral y costumbres que les han sido inculcadas a lo largo su vida

Intervención psicoterapéutica grupal intensiva realizada en un entorno natural para el tratamiento del burnout en un equipo de enfermería oncológica

This pilot study aims to test the influence of a group psychotherapeutic intervention on stress and burnout in an oncology nursing team. The psychological intervention consisted of implementing a package for stress inoculation, mainly using cognitive-behavioral techniques. The intervention is carried out intensively, through the coexistence of the group for three days in an accommodation located in a natural mountain environment. We used a quasi-experimental design of two groups (experimental and control) with pre and post-treatment measures. The experimental group was composed of nine members of the nursing team that received the psychological treatment and the control group was composed of eleven professionals from other teams of oncology nursing. The dependent variables considered were, on one hand anxiety and depression (evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and, on the other hand, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal fulfilment (evaluated by the Maslach Burnout Inventory). The experimental group improved significantly in anxiety (Z = -2.44, P = 0.015, d = 0.71), personal fulfilment (Z =-2.54, P= 0.011, d=-1.29) and emotional exhaustion (Z=-2.08; p=0.037; d=0.94) one month post -treatment. In the pre-treatment, The experimental group showed burnout levels higher than the control group, particularly with regard to the lack of personal personal fulfilment (U=14, P = 0.006, d = -1.61), mainly regarding the lack of personal fulfillment (U=14; p=0.006; d=-1.61). in fact the experimental group had requested psychological intervention. In fact, the experimental group had requested psychological intervention. After the therapeutic experience, the values of the dependent variables were equal in both groups. One year after the intervention, the treated group is still having a significant positive effect on the personal fulfilment (Z=-2.24; p=0.025; d=-1.15) and on the depersonalization (Z=-2.23; p=0.026; d=0.52). We conclude that an intensive program of group cognitive behavioral therapy in a natural setting outside the hospital can be an effective strategy of burnout treatment in oncology nurses.Este estudio piloto tiene como objetivo valorar la influencia que tiene la intervención psicoterapéutica grupal sobre el estrés y el burnout en un equipo de enfermería oncológica. La intervención psicológica consistió en la aplicación de un paquete para la inoculación al estrés, utilizando principalmente técnicas cognitivo-conductuales, llevándose a cabo de forma intensiva, a través de la convivencia del grupo durante tres días en un alojamiento situado en un entorno natural de montaña. Utilizamos un diseño cuasi-experimental de dos grupos (experimental y control) con medidas pre y post-tratamiento. El grupo experimental estaba compuesto por los nueve miembros del equipo de enfermería que recibió el tratamiento psicológico y el grupo control estuvo compuesto por once profesionales de otros equipos de enfermería oncológica. Las variables dependientes consideradas fueron, de un lado, ansiedad y depresión (evaluadas con la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión) y, de otro lado, cansancio emocional, despersonalización y realización personal (evaluadas con el Maslach Burnout Inventory). Los resultados muestran que transcurrido un mes de la intervención psicoterapéutica grupal, en el grupo de tratamiento se había producido una mejoría significativa de la ansiedad (Z=-2,44; p=0,015; d=0,71) y de la realización personal (Z=-2,54; p=0,011; d=-1,29), igualmente se produjo en este período un gran efecto positivo sobre el cansancio emocional (Z=-2,08; p=0,037; d=0,94). En el pre-tratamiento el grupo experimental manifestaba mayores signos de desgaste profesional que el grupo control, principalmente en lo referido a la falta de realización personal (U=14; p= 0,006; d=-1,61), de hecho había demandado la intervención psicológica. Tras la experiencia terapéutica se produjo una equiparación en los valores de las variables dependientes consideradas entre los grupos, respecto a la situación pre-tratamiento. Al año de la intervención, en el grupo tratado sigue habiendo un efecto positivo importante sobre la realización personal (Z=-2,24; p=0,025; d=-1,15) y sobre la despersonalización (Z=-2,23; p=0,026; d=0,52). Concluimos que el tratamiento cognitivo-conductual grupal, intensivo realizado en un medio natural, ajeno al hospital, puede tener notables ventajas para el tratamiento del desgaste profesional en personal de enfermería oncológica

Intensive group psychotherapy intervention in a natural environment for the treatment of burnout in an oncology nursing team

This pilot study aims to test the influence of a group psychotherapeutic intervention on stress and burnout in an oncology nursing team. The psychological intervention consisted of implementing a package for stress inoculation, mainly using cognitive-behavioral techniques. The intervention is carried out intensively, through the coexistence of the group for three days in an accommodation located in a natural mountain environment. We used a quasi-experimental design of two groups (experimental and control) with pre and post-treatment measures. The experimental group was composed of nine members of the nursing team that received the psychological treatment and the control group was composed of eleven professionals from other teams of oncology nursing. The dependent variables considered were, on one hand anxiety and depression (evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and, on the other hand, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal fulfilment (evaluated by the Maslach Burnout Inventory). The experimental group improved significantly in anxiety (Z = -2.44, P = 0.015, d = 0.71), personal fulfilment (Z =-2.54, P= 0.011, d=-1.29) and emotional exhaustion (Z=-2.08; p=0.037; d=0.94) one month post -treatment. In the pre-treatment, The experimental group showed burnout levels higher than the control group, particularly with regard to the lack of personal personal fulfilment (U=14, P = 0.006, d = -1.61), mainly regarding the lack of personal fulfillment (U=14; p=0.006; d=-1.61). in fact the experimental group had requested psychological intervention. In fact, the experimental group had requested psychological intervention. After the therapeutic experience, the values of the dependent variables were equal in both groups. One year after the intervention, the treated group is still having a significant positive effect on the personal fulfilment (Z=-2.24; p=0.025; d=-1.15) and on the depersonalization (Z=-2.23; p=0.026; d=0.52). We conclude that an intensive program of group cognitive behavioral therapy in a natural setting outside the hospital can be an effective strategy of burnout treatment in oncology nurses

Implementación en la UCM del Grado en Estudios Europeos / Bachelor in European Studies en el marco de la alianza europea de universidades UNA EUROPA

El presente proyecto de innovación ha tenido por objetivo la implementación en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid del Nuevo Grado en Estudios Europeos / Bachelor of European Studies (BAES) creado en el marco de la nueva alianza europea de universidades UNA EUROPA integrada por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, la Universidad de la Sorbona (París – I), Universidad Libre de Berlín, Universidad de Bolonia, Universidad Jaguelónica de Cracovia, Universidad de Helsinki, Universidad Católica de Lovaina, y Universidad de Edimburgo

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Multiple Sclerosis

To understand COVID-19 characteristics in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and identify high-risk individuals due to their immunocompromised state resulting from the use of disease-modifying treatments. Retrospective and multicenter registry in patients with MS with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and available disease course (mild = ambulatory; severe = hospitalization; and critical = intensive care unit/death). Cases were analyzed for associations between MS characteristics and COVID-19 course and for identifying risk factors for a fatal outcome. Of the 326 patients analyzed, 120 were cases confirmed by real-time PCR, 34 by a serologic test, and 205 were suspected. Sixty-nine patients (21.3%) developed severe infection, 10 (3%) critical, and 7 (2.1%) died. Ambulatory patients were higher in relapsing MS forms, treated with injectables and oral first-line agents, whereas more severe cases were observed in patients on pulsed immunosuppressors and critical cases among patients with no therapy. Severe and critical infections were more likely to affect older males with comorbidities, with progressive MS forms, a longer disease course, and higher disability. Fifteen of 33 patients treated with rituximab were hospitalized. Four deceased patients have progressive MS, 5 were not receiving MS therapy, and 2 were treated (natalizumab and rituximab). Multivariate analysis showed age (OR 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04-1.17) as the only independent risk factor for a fatal outcome. This study has not demonstrated the presumed critical role of MS therapy in the course of COVID-19 but evidenced that people with MS with advanced age and disease, in progressive course, and those who are more disabled have a higher probability of severe and even fatal diseas

Impact of interstitial lung disease on the survival of systemic sclerosis with pulmonary arterial hypertension

To assess severity markers and outcomes of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with or without pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH-SSc/non-PAH-SSc), and the impact of interstitial lung disease (ILD) on PAH-SSc. Non-PAH-SSc patients from the Spanish SSc registry and PAH-SSc patients from the Spanish PAH registry were included. A total of 364 PAH-SSc and 1589 non-PAH-SSc patients were included. PAH-SSc patients had worse NYHA-functional class (NYHA-FC), worse forced vital capacity (FVC) (81.2 ± 20.6% vs 93.6 ± 20.6%, P < 0.001), worse tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (17.4 ± 5.2 mm vs 19.9 ± 6.7 mm, P < 0.001), higher incidence of pericardial effusion (30% vs 5.2%, P < 0.001) and similar prevalence of ILD (41.8% vs. 44.9%). In individuals with PAH-SSc, ILD was associated with worse hemodynamics and pulmonary function tests (PFT). Up-front combination therapy was used in 59.8% and 61.7% of patients with and without ILD, respectively. Five-year transplant-free survival rate was 41.1% in PAH-SSc patients and 93.9% in non-PAH-SSc patients (P < 0.001). Global survival of PAH-SSc patients was not affected by ILD regardless its severity. The multivariate survival analysis in PAH-SSc patients confirmed age at diagnosis, worse NYHA-FC, increased PVR, reduced DLCO, and lower management with up-front combination therapy as major risk factors. In conclusion, in PAH-SSc cohort risk of death was greatly increased by clinical, PFT, and hemodynamic factors, whereas it was decreased by up-front combination therapy. Concomitant ILD worsened hemodynamics and PFT in PAH-SSc but not survival regardless of FVC impairment

Impact of interstitial lung disease on the survival of systemic sclerosis with pulmonary arterial hypertension

To assess severity markers and outcomes of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with or without pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH-SSc/non-PAH-SSc), and the impact of interstitial lung disease (ILD) on PAH-SSc. Non-PAH-SSc patients from the Spanish SSc registry and PAH-SSc patients from the Spanish PAH registry were included. A total of 364 PAH-SSc and 1589 non-PAH-SSc patients were included. PAH-SSc patients had worse NYHA-functional class (NYHA-FC), worse forced vital capacity (FVC) (81.2 +/- 20.6% vs 93.6 +/- 20.6%, P < 0.001), worse tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (17.4 +/- 5.2 mm vs 19.9 +/- 6.7 mm, P < 0.001), higher incidence of pericardial effusion (30% vs 5.2%, P < 0.001) and similar prevalence of ILD (41.8% vs. 44.9%). In individuals with PAH-SSc, ILD was associated with worse hemodynamics and pulmonary function tests (PFT). Up-front combination therapy was used in 59.8% and 61.7% of patients with and without ILD, respectively. Five-year transplant-free survival rate was 41.1% in PAH-SSc patients and 93.9% in non-PAH-SSc patients (P < 0.001). Global survival of PAH-SSc patients was not affected by ILD regardless its severity. The multivariate survival analysis in PAH-SSc patients confirmed age at diagnosis, worse NYHA-FC, increased PVR, reduced DLCO, and lower management with up-front combination therapy as major risk factors. In conclusion, in PAH-SSc cohort risk of death was greatly increased by clinical, PFT, and hemodynamic factors, whereas it was decreased by up-front combination therapy. Concomitant ILD worsened hemodynamics and PFT in PAH-SSc but not survival regardless of FVC impairment

Vocabulario de la sociedad civil, la ruralidad y los movimientos sociales en América Latina

El Vocabulario de la Sociedad Civil, la Ruralidad y los Movimientos Sociales en América Latina tiene como objetivo desarrollar vocablos relacionados con temas de gran trascendencia para la vida colectiva de la población Latinoamericana; pretende introducir a estudiantes, personas del ámbito académico y activistas en la comprensión de estas categorías de análisis. A través de la mirada de 70 especialistas que participaron en este vocabulario, es posible comprender muchos de los términos que se utilizan dentro de la investigación social y áreas relacionadas con las ciencias políticas, ambientales y rurales, a partir de una mayor explicación y detalle. Es por ello que se inserta este trabajo desde una mirada colectiva y amplia de los conceptos que se exponen. En este libro podrá encontrar las ideas de varios autores y autoras de distintas universidades, con una visión multi, inter y transdisciplinaria. El esfuerzo que se realizó para conjuntar varios términos y analizar su compleja red de interpretaciones, permitirá que este manuscrito pueda ser consultado por estudiantes, personas del ámbito científico-académico, y ciudadanía; porque contiene el estado del arte, la historia del paulatino avance de múltiples conceptos y su vigencia en el contexto actual

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries