Modeling an Evolutionary Conserved Circadian Cis-Element

Circadian oscillator networks rely on a transcriptional activator called CLOCK/CYCLE (CLK/CYC) in insects and CLOCK/BMAL1 or NPAS2/BMAL1 in mammals. Identifying the targets of this heterodimeric basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor poses challenges and it has been difficult to decipher its specific sequence affinity beyond a canonical E-box motif, except perhaps for some flanking bases contributing weakly to the binding energy. Thus, no good computational model presently exists for predicting CLK/CYC, CLOCK/BMAL1, or NPAS2/BMAL1 targets. Here, we use a comparative genomics approach and first study the conservation properties of the best-known circadian enhancer: a 69-bp element upstream of the Drosophila melanogaster period gene. This fragment shows a signal involving the presence of two closely spaced E-box–like motifs, a configuration that we can also detect in the other four prominent CLK/CYC target genes in flies: timeless, vrille, Pdp1, and cwo. This allows for the training of a probabilistic sequence model that we test using functional genomics datasets. We find that the predicted sequences are overrepresented in promoters of genes induced in a recent study by a glucocorticoid receptor-CLK fusion protein. We then scanned the mouse genome with the fly model and found that many known CLOCK/BMAL1 targets harbor sequences matching our consensus. Moreover, the phase of predicted cyclers in liver agreed with known CLOCK/BMAL1 regulation. Taken together, we built a predictive model for CLK/CYC or CLOCK/BMAL1-bound cis-enhancers through the integration of comparative and functional genomics data. Finally, a deeper phylogenetic analysis reveals that the link between the CLOCK/BMAL1 complex and the circadian cis-element dates back to before insects and vertebrates diverged

Instrumentos de créditos y el riesgo económico en medianas y pequeñas empresas comerciales en tiempo de covid-19 provincia Barranca 2021

Objetivo: verificar como instrumentos bancarios forman peligro financiero en medianas y pequeñas empresas comerciales en tiempo de COVID-19 provincia de Barranca 2021. Metodología: la población estuvo constituida por 95 personas entre empresarios, contables y colaboradores, así mismo se considera a profesionales expertos en cuestiones de instrumentos financieros como en riesgos financieros que se presentan en medianas y pequeñas empresas, quienes estuvieron identificados en forma probabilística, para lo cual utilizamos como disposición de condición la sucesión de Likert. Entre dimensiones: entidad bancaria, herramienta financiera, producto de crédito, factura para crédito. Su confianza es conveniente utilizando programa de automatización SPSS, Versión 25.0 modelo de correspondencia de Pearson, con libertad del 95%. La experiencia de ji cuadrada. Resultados: Las respuestas manifiestan mayor equilibrio (61.84%) consideraron, estar muy satisfechos, la utilización de instrumentos de créditos genera riesgo económico en medianas y pequeñas empresas, con relación al riesgo económico podrían ser adecuadas en pequeñas y medianas empresas de acuerdo a herramientas financieras (60.48%) están muy satisfechos. Conclusión: los instrumentos financieros generan riesgo económico en medianas y pequeñas empresas comerciales en tiempo de COVID-19 ciudad de Barranca 2021 (0.24E-106 < 0.05)

Shattered Time: Can a Dissipative Time Crystal Survive Many-Body Correlations?

We investigate the emergence of a time crystal in a driven-dissipative many-body spin array. In this system the interplay between incoherent spin pumping and collective emission stabilizes a synchronized non-equilibrium steady state which in the thermodynamic limit features a self-generated time-periodic pattern imposed by collective elastic interactions. In contrast to prior realizations where the time symmetry is already broken by an external drive, here it is only spontaneously broken by the elastic exchange interactions and manifest in the two-time correlation spectrum. Employing a combination of exact numerical calculations and a second-order cumulant expansion, we investigate the impact of many-body correlations on the time crystal formation and establish a connection between the regime where it is stable and a slow growth rate of the mutual information, signalling that the time crystal studied here is an emergent semi-classical out-of-equilibrium state of matter. We also confirm the rigidity of the time crystal to single-particle dephasing. Finally, we discuss an experimental implementation using long-lived dipoles in an optical cavity.Comment: v1: Initial commit; v2: Added references, fixed a couple typos, and made some small, stylistic changes; v3: Update to reflect publication. Includes additional references and some minor addition

Cognitive appraisal in fish: stressor predictability modulates the physiological and neurobehavioural stress response in sea bass

The role of cognitive factors in triggering the stress response is well established in humans and mammals (aka cognitive appraisal theory) but very seldom studied in other vertebrate taxa. Predictability is a key factor of the cognitive evaluation of stimuli. In this study, we tested the effects of stressor predictability on behavioral, physiological and neuromolecular responses in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Groups of four fish were exposed to a predictable (signalled) or unpredictable (unsignalled) stressor. Stressor predictability elicited a lower behavioural response and reduced cortisol levels. Using the expression of immediate early genes (c-fos, egr-1, bdnf and npas4) as markers of neuronal activity, we monitored the activity of three sea bass brain regions known to be implicated in stressor appraisal: the dorsomedian telencephalon, Dm (putative homologue of the pallial amygdala); and the dorsal (Dld) and ventral (Dlv) subareas of the dorsolateral telencephalon (putative homologue of the hippocampus). The activity of both the Dm and Dlv significantly responded to stressor predictability, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved role of these two brain regions in information processing related to stressor appraisal. These results indicate that stressor predictability plays a key role in the activation of the stress response in a teleost fish, hence highlighting the role of cognitive processes in fish stress.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Developing K-2 Filipino children English language oral proficiency through concrete poetry teaching

The impact of concrete poetry as a strategy to increase word recognition in ten K-2 Filipino children with low oracy/literacy in English was examined in this six-month study utilizing the single-group pre-test/post-test method. Concrete poetry is a distinct form of poetry that comes in a variety of colors, textures, shapes, and even flavors. Either a static or dynamic poem is a concrete poem. These K-2 students, who were chosen at random from the preschools, were taught how to write their own concrete poetry and gained word recognition skills from them. It was believed that concrete poetry could aid increase word recognition by enhancing receptive and expressive oral vocabulary