Radiation effects induced in pin photodiodes by 40- and 85-MeV protons

PIN photodiodes were bombarded with 40- and 85-MeV protons to a fluence of 1.5 x 10 to the 11th power p/sq cm, and the resulting change in spectral response in the near infrared was determined. The photocurrent, dark current and pulse amplitude were measured as a function of proton fluence. Changes in these three measured properties are discussed in terms of changes in the diode's spectral response, minority carrier diffusion length and depletion width. A simple model of induced radiation effects is presented which is in good agreement with the experimental results. The model assumes that incident protons produce charged defects within the depletion region simulating donor type impurities

Cassiosomes are stinging-cell structures in the mucus of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Snorkelers in mangrove forest waters inhabited by the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana report discomfort due to a sensation known as stinging water, the cause of which is unknown. Using a combination of histology, microscopy, microfluidics, videography, molecular biology, and mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we describe C. xamachana stinging-cell structures that we term cassiosomes. These structures are released within C. xamachana mucus and are capable of killing prey. Cassiosomes consist of an outer epithelial layer mainly composed of nematocytes surrounding a core filled by endosymbiotic dinoflagellates hosted within amoebocytes and presumptive mesoglea. Furthermore, we report cassiosome structures in four additional jellyfish species in the same taxonomic group as C. xamachana (Class Scyphozoa; Order Rhizostomeae), categorized as either motile (ciliated) or nonmotile types. This inaugural study provides a qualitative assessment of the stinging contents of C. xamachana mucus and implicates mucus containing cassiosomes and free intact nematocytes as the cause of stinging water

Photon beam relative dose validation of the DPM Monte Carlo code in lung‐equivalent media

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134925/1/mp5671.pd

Use of new radiochromic devices for peripheral dose measurement: potential in-vivo dosimetry application

The authors have studied the feasibility of using three new high-sensitivity radiochromic devices in measuring the doses to peripheral points outside the primary megavoltage photon beams. The three devices were GAFCHROMIC® EBT film, prototype Low Dose (LD) Film, and prototype LD Card. The authors performed point dosimetry using these three devices in water-equivalent solid phantoms at x = 3,5,8,10, and 15 cm from the edge of 6 MV and 15 MV photon beams of 10x10 cm2, and at depths of 0, 0.5 cm, and depth of maximum dose. A full sheet of EBT film was exposed with 5000 MU. The prototype LD film pieces were 1.5x2 cm2 in size. Some LD films were provided in the form of a card in 1.8x5 cm2 holding an active film in 1.8x2 cm2. These are referred to as “LD dosimeter cards”. The small LD films and cards were exposed with 500 MU. For each scanned film, a 6 mm circular area centered at the measurement point was sampled and the mean pixel value was obtained. The calibration curves were established from the calibration data for each combination of film/cards and densitometer/scanner. The doses at the peripheral points determined from the films were compared with those obtained using ion chamber at respective locations in a water phantom and general agreements were found. It is feasible to accurately measure peripheral doses of megavoltage photon beams using the new high-sensitivity radiochromic devices. This near real-time and inexpensive method can be applied in a clinical setting for dose measurements to critical organs and sensitive patient implant devices

The Metropolitan Military : Navy Families and Housing in the American Sunbelt, 1941 - 2000

"The Metropolitan Military" examines military family housing from 1941 to 2000 and argues post-World War II militarization shaped the processes of suburbanization and urbanization and concepts regarding citizenship. During the 1950s and 60s, real estate interests and municipalities opposed military housing on the grounds that it threatened segregation, promoted socialism, and competed unfairly with private business. After a decade of economic turmoil and tax revolts, individual homeowners took the lead by the late 1970s, opposing military housing in their communities and arguing it overburdened public infrastructure, notably schools, lowered municipal revenues, diminished property values, and spread social dysfunction. Even as homeowners demanded more property rights, welfare obligations shifted from the state to the individual, meaning public services contracted leaving homeowners and others to replace this infrastructure with their own efforts and finances. As a result, this applied further pressure to middle- and working-class homeowners. Homeowners/taxpayers became powerful political players in metropolitan debates, claiming racial innocence and privilege through the language of free markets. In so doing, free marketers unselfconsciously ignored state and federal interventions into the housing market. It was the shift to an all-volunteer military in 1973 that utterly transformed the debate about military housing, however. With the recruitment of more minorities and women, homeowner anxieties reached critical and ultimately transformative new heights. Repeatedly, homeowners highlighted the way quasi-single parent families - the unavoidable result of overseas deployment - failed to align with suburban norms. Race, class, and gender shaped property owners' ideas about "appropriate," "desirable," and "stable" families, resulting in a more cohesive effort to exclude or marginalize military housing in their communities. Through case studies in San Diego, CA, Hampton Roads, VA, Charleston, SC, and Washington D.C., I argue that while opposition to military housing existed prior to 1973, the shift to an all volunteer military in the context of New Right economic, social, and political influences, resulted in increasingly pitched protest as citizenship came to be determined by economic variables such as contributions to local tax revenue and homeownership statu

Dosimetric impact of density variations in Solid Water 457 water‐equivalent slabs

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135471/1/acm20231.pd

The millipede collections of the world /

n.s. no.103 (2004

Scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus) Neurocranium

Neurocranium preparation of a Scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus) by Erin Porter and Cairone Reft for the Biology of Fishes course at Nova Southeastern University taught by Dr. Kerstetter