New records of rare species in the Mediterranean Sea (May 2020)

This Collective Article presents information about 17 taxa belonging to four Phyla (one Cnidaria, two Arthropoda, four Mollusca, and ten Chordata) and extending from the Western Mediterranean to the Levantine Sea. The new records were reported from nine countries as follows: Algeria: first published records of the clingfishes Apletodon dentatus and Lepadogaster lepadogaster after 1955; France: first record of the tripletail Lobotes surinamensis in French Mediterranean waters; Italy: new records of the rare bonito Orcynopsis unicolor and the recently described nudibranch Elysia rubeni from Sicily; first records of the parasitic cirriped Sacculina eriphiae and the nudibranch Dondice trainitoi in the Ionian Sea; first record of the nudibranch Taringa tritorquis in the Mediterranean Sea; first record of the tripletail Lobotes surinamensis in the North Ionian Sea; first documented record of the cephalopod Macrotritopus defilippi in the Adriatic Sea; Slovenia: first record of the Mediterranean endemic cryptobenthic goby Odondebuenia balearica; Montenegro: several recent occurrences of the critically endangered bull ray Aetomylaeus bovinus in the South-eastern Adriatic Sea; Greece: records of the nudibranch Dondice trainitoi in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea; new record of the occurrence of the Mediterranean spearfish Tetrapturus belone from Greece (Rhodes Island); Turkey: recent captures of the vulnerable ocean sunfish Mola mola, caught by purse-seine, in the Aegean Sea and the Dardanelles; new record of the luvar Luvarus imperialis along the Aegean coast of Turkey; Cyprus: first record of the habitat-forming hydroid Lytocarpia myriophyllum, often in considerable densities; first confirmed record of the agujon needlefish Tylosurus imperialis; Syria: first record of the decapod Ethusa mascarone

Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO

Core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is one of the most energetic astrophysical events in the Universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before (pre-SN) and during the SN burst is a unique opportunity to realize the multi-messenger observation of the CCSN events. In this work, we describe the monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to the pre-SN and SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector under construction in South China. The real-time monitoring system is designed with both the prompt monitors on the electronic board and online monitors at the data acquisition stage, in order to ensure both the alert speed and alert coverage of progenitor stars. By assuming a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system can be sensitive to the pre-SN neutrinos up to the distance of about 1.6 (0.9) kpc and SN neutrinos up to about 370 (360) kpc for a progenitor mass of 30$M_{\odot}$ for the case of normal (inverted) mass ordering. The pointing ability of the CCSN is evaluated by using the accumulated event anisotropy of the inverse beta decay interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos, which, along with the early alert, can play important roles for the followup multi-messenger observations of the next Galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Breast cancer management pathways during the COVID-19 pandemic: outcomes from the UK ‘Alert Level 4’ phase of the B-MaP-C study

Abstract: Background: The B-MaP-C study aimed to determine alterations to breast cancer (BC) management during the peak transmission period of the UK COVID-19 pandemic and the potential impact of these treatment decisions. Methods: This was a national cohort study of patients with early BC undergoing multidisciplinary team (MDT)-guided treatment recommendations during the pandemic, designated ‘standard’ or ‘COVID-altered’, in the preoperative, operative and post-operative setting. Findings: Of 3776 patients (from 64 UK units) in the study, 2246 (59%) had ‘COVID-altered’ management. ‘Bridging’ endocrine therapy was used (n = 951) where theatre capacity was reduced. There was increasing access to COVID-19 low-risk theatres during the study period (59%). In line with national guidance, immediate breast reconstruction was avoided (n = 299). Where adjuvant chemotherapy was omitted (n = 81), the median benefit was only 3% (IQR 2–9%) using ‘NHS Predict’. There was the rapid adoption of new evidence-based hypofractionated radiotherapy (n = 781, from 46 units). Only 14 patients (1%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during their treatment journey. Conclusions: The majority of ‘COVID-altered’ management decisions were largely in line with pre-COVID evidence-based guidelines, implying that breast cancer survival outcomes are unlikely to be negatively impacted by the pandemic. However, in this study, the potential impact of delays to BC presentation or diagnosis remains unknown

Genre, discourse, ideology : communications-theoretical contributions to translation Aljazeera and the BBC as communication systems

This doctoral thesis investigates genre, discourse and ideology in relation to mass media and translation in the light of communication theories. The theoretical part of the thesis adopts a multi-disciplinary approach, and integrates communication-scientific works and insights. This part focuses on mass media institutions in general and Aljazeera and the BBC in particular as social communication systems, and explores the categories of genre, discourse and ideology in these institutions as communicative structures; it also studies the translation of the categories concerned as a complex and uncertain act of social and intercultural interaction. The analytical study then operationalizes a methodological framework which proposes a qualitative and exploratory approach, and draws on the tools and methods of critical discourse analysis in order to examine a corpus data of Aljazeera and the BBC news reports in relation to Turkey’s accession talks with the EU. The analysis explores Aljazeera and the BBC news construction relating to the categories of genre, discourse and ideology, and examines translation between the language cultures of Arabic and English. The results suggest uncertainties in translation, as well as differences in how Aljazeera and the BBC construct their journalistic stories with respect to the examples examined

Recherche de nouvelles physiques grâce à la désintégration radiative de mésons B et mesure de leur temps de vie avec l’expérience Belle II

After the Big Bang matter and antimatter were present in equal amounts. Today, however, everything we see, is made almost entirely of matter. A fundamental ingredient to explain this asymmetry between matter and antimatter is the violation of the CP (Charge Parity) symmetry. CP violation has been observed but quantitatively not enough to explain the huge asymmetry. The Belle II experiment in Japan studies the particles produced in electron-positron collisions at the SuperKEKB collider, the highest intensity collider in the World, allowing a high precision measurements of the known sources of CP violation and looking for new ones. In my PhD, I worked on measuring the CP violation in B meson radiative decays (decays with photon in final state) particularly promising thanks to their high sensitivity to possible new processes. Following this analysis, I started a new measurement of the B mesons lifetime where I could verify the robustness of the tools used in the CP violation measurement.Juste après le Big Bang, matière et antimatière étaient présentes en quantités égales. Mais l’univers que nous observons aujourd’hui est presque entièrement constitué de matière. Une différence de comportement des particules et anti-particules constitue un ingrédient fondamental pour expliquer cette disparition. La violation de la symétrie quantique CP (Charge et Parité) introduit une telle asymétrie, cependant le niveau observé actuellement pour cette violation ne suffit quantitativement pas. L’expérience Belle II vient de démarrer au Japon, elle permet d’étudier avec une très grande précision des systèmes particules/anti-particules produits par le collisionneur électron-positron SuperKEKB , qui sera bientôt le plus lumineux au monde. Dans mon doctorant, J'ai travaillé sur la mesure de la violation de CP dans les désintégrations radiatives du méson B (désintégrations avec des photons à l'état final) particulièrement prometteuses grâce à leur haute sensibilité aux possibles nouveaux processus. Suite à cette analyse, j'ai commencé une nouvelle mesure de la durée de vie des mésons B, pour vérifier la robustesse des outils utilisés pour mesurer la violation de CP

B lifetime and B0−Bˉ0B^0-\bar B^0 mixing results from early Belle II data

International audienceThis paper summarizes the first results on $B^0$ lifetime and mixing from early phase 3 Belle II data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $\int{\textit{L}} = 2.7 fb^{-1}$. It presents two analysis that demonstrate vertexing and tagging capabilities. The first analysis uses partially reconstructed $B^{0} \rightarrow D^{*+}l \nu$ decays combined with an additional high momentum lepton in the rest of the event. The latter one uses fully reconstructed hadronic decay final states $ B^{0} \rightarrow D^{(*)\mp }X^{\pm}

Image_2_Fungus-mediated synthesis of Se-BiO-CuO multimetallic nanoparticles as a potential alternative antimicrobial against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli of veterinary origin.tif

Bacterial infections emerge as a significant contributor to mortality and morbidity worldwide. Emerging extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli strains provide a greater risk of bacteremia and mortality, are increasingly resistant to antibiotics, and are a major producer of ESBLs. E. coli bacteremia-linked mastitis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in animals, which can affect the quality of the milk and damage organ functions. There is an elevated menace of treatment failure and recurrence of E. coli bacteremia necessitating the adoption of rigorous alternative treatment approaches. In this study, Se-Boil-CuO multimetallic nanoparticles (MMNPs) were synthesized as an alternate treatment from Talaromyces haitouensis extract, and their efficiency in treating ESBL E. coli was confirmed using standard antimicrobial assays. Scanning electron microscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering were used to validate and characterize the mycosynthesized Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs. UV–visible spectra of Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs showed absorption peak bands at 570, 376, and 290 nm, respectively. The average diameters of the amorphous-shaped Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs synthesized by T. haitouensis extract were approximately 66–80 nm, respectively. Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs (100 μg/mL) showed a maximal inhibition zone of 18.33 ± 0.57 mm against E. coli. Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs also exhibited a deleterious impact on E. coli killing kinetics, biofilm formation, swimming motility, efflux of cellular components, and membrane integrity. The hemolysis assay also confirms the biocompatibility of Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range. Our findings suggest that Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs may serve as a potential substitute for ESBL E. coli bacteremia.</p

Image_1_Fungus-mediated synthesis of Se-BiO-CuO multimetallic nanoparticles as a potential alternative antimicrobial against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli of veterinary origin.tif

Bacterial infections emerge as a significant contributor to mortality and morbidity worldwide. Emerging extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli strains provide a greater risk of bacteremia and mortality, are increasingly resistant to antibiotics, and are a major producer of ESBLs. E. coli bacteremia-linked mastitis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in animals, which can affect the quality of the milk and damage organ functions. There is an elevated menace of treatment failure and recurrence of E. coli bacteremia necessitating the adoption of rigorous alternative treatment approaches. In this study, Se-Boil-CuO multimetallic nanoparticles (MMNPs) were synthesized as an alternate treatment from Talaromyces haitouensis extract, and their efficiency in treating ESBL E. coli was confirmed using standard antimicrobial assays. Scanning electron microscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering were used to validate and characterize the mycosynthesized Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs. UV–visible spectra of Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs showed absorption peak bands at 570, 376, and 290 nm, respectively. The average diameters of the amorphous-shaped Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs synthesized by T. haitouensis extract were approximately 66–80 nm, respectively. Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs (100 μg/mL) showed a maximal inhibition zone of 18.33 ± 0.57 mm against E. coli. Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs also exhibited a deleterious impact on E. coli killing kinetics, biofilm formation, swimming motility, efflux of cellular components, and membrane integrity. The hemolysis assay also confirms the biocompatibility of Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range. Our findings suggest that Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs may serve as a potential substitute for ESBL E. coli bacteremia.</p