Dataset Condensation with Gradient Matching

As the state-of-the-art machine learning methods in many fields rely on larger datasets, storing datasets and training models on them become significantly more expensive. This paper proposes a training set synthesis technique for data-efficient learning, called Dataset Condensation, that learns to condense large dataset into a small set of informative synthetic samples for training deep neural networks from scratch. We formulate this goal as a gradient matching problem between the gradients of deep neural network weights that are trained on the original and our synthetic data. We rigorously evaluate its performance in several computer vision benchmarks and demonstrate that it significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Finally we explore the use of our method in continual learning and neural architecture search and report promising gains when limited memory and computations are available

Compounds Including Cox Inhibitor Moiety and Enhanced Delivery of Active Drugs Using Same

The presently-disclosed subject matter includes compounds including a cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibitor moiety and a moiety derived from a drug of interest. In some embodiments, the drug of interest is an opioid. In some embodiments, the compound includes a diclofenac moiety and a naltrexone or naltrexol moiety. The compounds allow for enhanced delivery rates across skin

Preparation of MCrAlY-Al2O3 composite coatings with enhanced oxidation resistance through a novel powder manufacturing process

MCrAlY-Al 2 O 3 composite coatings were prepared by using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying with bespoke composite powder feedstock for high temperature applications. Powder processing via a suspension route was employed to achieve a fine dispersion of α-Al 2 O 3 sub-micron particles on the MCrAlY powder surfaces. This was, however, compromised by ~50% less flow-ability of the feedstock during spraying. Nevertheless, the novel powder manufacturing process introduced in this study has shown potential as an alternative route to prepare tailored composite powder feedstock for the production of metal matrix composites (MMC) materials. In addition, the newly developed MCrAlY-Al 2 O 3 composite coatings exhibited superior oxidation resistance, compared to conventional MCrAlY coatings, with the formation of nearly exclusively Al 2 O 3 scale after isothermal oxidation at 900 °C for 10 h. The addition of α-Al 2 O 3 particles in the MCrAlY coatings as a second phase was found to have promoted the formation of YAG oxides (Y x Al y O z) during spraying, and also accelerated the outwards diffusion of Al, which resulted in enhanced oxidation resistance

Di-μ-thio­cyanato-κ4 N:N-bis­({5-meth­oxy-2-[3-(methyl­amino)propyl­imino­meth­yl]phenolato-κ3 O 1,N,N′}copper(II))

The title thio­cyanate-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complex, [Cu2(C12H17N2O2)2(NCS)2], possesses crystallographic inversion symmetry. Each CuII atom is five-coordinated by one imine N, one amine N and one phenolate O atom of the Schiff base ligand, and by two N atoms from two bridging thio­cyanate ligands, forming a square-pyramidal geometry. Beside the two thio­cyanate bridges, there are two intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which further link the two Cu(C12H17N2O2)(NCS) units. The Cu⋯Cu separation is 3.261 (2) Å. Parts of the methylaminopropylimino segment are disordered over two sites with occupancies of 0.669(9) and 0.331(9)

Changes in Both Trans- and Cis-Regulatory Elements Mediate Insecticide Resistance in a Lepidopteron Pest, \u3ci\u3eSpodoptera exigua\u3c/i\u3e

The evolution of insect resistance to insecticides is frequently associated with overexpression of one or more cytochrome P450 enzyme genes. Although overexpression of CYP450 genes is a well-known mechanism of insecticide resistance, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we uncovered the mechanisms of overexpression of the P450 gene, CYP321A8 in a major pest insect, Spodoptera exigua that is resistant to multiple insecticides. CYP321A8 confers resistance to organophosphate (chlorpyrifos) and pyrethroid (cypermethrin and deltamethrin) insecticides in this insect. Constitutive upregulation of transcription factors CncC/Maf are partially responsible for upregulated expression of CYP321A8 in the resistant strain. Reporter gene assays and site-directed mutagenesis analyses demonstrated that CncC/Maf enhanced the expression of CYP321A8 by binding to specific sites in the promoter. Additional cis-regulatory elements resulting from a mutation in the CYP321A8 promoter in the resistant strain facilitates the binding of the orphan nuclear receptor, Knirps, and enhances the promoter activity. These results demonstrate that two independent mechanisms; overexpression of transcription factors and mutations in the promoter region resulting in a new cis-regulatory element that facilitates binding of the orphan nuclear receptor are involved in overexpression of CYP321A8 in insecticide-resistant S. exigua

The use of wet-laid techniques to obtain flax nonwovens with different thermoplastic binding fibers for technical insulation applications

[EN] In this work, the wet-laid technique has been used to obtain flax nonwovens thermally bonded with different contents of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and bicomponent polyamide 6/copolyamide (PA6/CoPA) fibers in the 10-30 wt.% range. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to evaluate the formation of interlock points through melted polymer and flax fibers. Volume porosity has been estimated through determination of thickness and surface mass. Tensile strength and elongation at break have been determined on longitudinal (preferential) and transversal directions to evaluate anisotropy. The sound absorption properties of stacked sheets of flax: PVA and flax: PA6/CoPA nonwovens have been evaluated. In addition, the thermal insulating properties of individual nonwovens have been obtained. Mechanical characterization shows slight anisotropy. The absorption coefficient is interesting in the medium frequencies range, and relatively low thermal conductivity and thermal resistance values are obtained with these nonwovens (in the 0.020-0.025Wm(-1) K-1 range for flax: PVA nonwovens and in the 0.09-0.10Wm(-1) K-1 range for flax: PA6/CoPA nonwovens). By taking into account these features, these nonwoven substrates could find interesting applications as sound absorbers and/or thermal insulation materials in technical applications.This work is part of the project IPT-310000-2010-037, "ECOTEXCOMP: Research and development of textile structures useful as reinforcement of composite materials with marked ecological character", and was supported by the "Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion", with a grant of (sic)189,540.20, within the Plan Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica, Desarrollo e Innovacion Tecnologica 2008-2011 and funded by the European Union through FEDER funds, Technology Fund 2007-2013 and Operational Programme on R + D + i for and on behalf of the companies. The project is also known as "WET-TEX: Implementacion de la tecnologia wet-laid en el desarrollo de nuevos textiles medico-sanitario" with expedient number IMIDIC/2010/137 (total grant of (sic)284,400) and the project "WET-TEX II: Implementacion de la tecnologia wet-laid en la investigacion y desarrollo de paneles para aplicaciones tecnicas a partir de residuos procedentes de la industria textil" with expedient number IMDEEA/2011/167 (total grant of (sic)255,000) funded by IMPIVA and cofunded (80%) by the European Union through FEDER funds, Valencian Community Operational 2007-2012.Fages, E.; Cano, MA.; Gironés, S.; Boronat Vitoria, T.; Fenollar Gimeno, OÁ.; Balart Gimeno, RA. (2013). The use of wet-laid techniques to obtain flax nonwovens with different thermoplastic binding fibers for technical insulation applications. Textile Research Journal. 83(4):426-437. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517512454183S42643783

The Low Mass End of the Fundamental Relation for Gravitationally Lensed Star Forming Galaxies at 1<z<6

We present VLT/X-shooter spectra of 13 galaxies in the redshift range 1< z < 6, which are strongly lensed by massive galaxy clusters. Spectroscopic redshifts are measured for nine galaxies, while three sources have redshifts determined from continuum breaks in their spectra. The stellar masses of the galaxies span four orders of magnitude between 10^7 and 10^11 M_sun and have luminosities at 1500 A rest-frame between 0.004 and 9 L^* after correcting for the magnification. This allows us to probe a variety of galaxy types from young, low-mass starburst galaxies to massive evolved galaxies. The lensed galaxies with stellar masses less than 10^10 M_sun have a large scatter compared to the fundamental relation between stellar mass, star formation rates and oxygen abundances. We provide a modified fit to the fundamental relation for low-mass, low-metallicity galaxies with a weaker dependence of the metallicity on either the star formation rate or stellar mass compared to low-redshift, high-mass and high-metallicity SDSS galaxies.Comment: 21 pages, Accepted for publication in MNRA