Modern Management System in the Field of Health Care of the Republic of Uzbekistan

In the context of globalization and interregional competition, Uzbekistan needs to ensure integration into the world economy, competitiveness in international markets, in order to provide the economic basis for a strong social policy. To achieve this goal, proportional development of each region is necessary, including the development of education and healthcare, since the country's economy as a whole depends on the return of administrative-territorial units

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF IRIGGATION: FOCUS ON SEMI-ARID REGIONS

The main goal of this study was to present positive and negative influences of irrigation process, as one of the widespread applied method in the melioration. High population growth demands high food production and thus stimulates modern massively agricultural economy. Irrigation as remarkable measure from ancient time and recently became over exceed, and these concomitant negative influences should be reduced or escaped. This publication is a survey of appropriate and sustainable irrigation methods based on the improvement of ecological conditions and optimizing the use of land and water resources. Water deficit is especially expressed in semi-arid regions and requests rational use of water. Thereby, macrophytes, as well known intermediates in water purification are presented in cleaning of municipal and drainage water with the aim to enable reuse of that water again in irrigation or plumbing. Bio-engineering infiltration constructions (BIC) and floating bioplato with macrophytes are indicated as environmentally sustainable and economically suitable methods in wastewater treatment peculiarly in a semi-arid area suffering from drought

METHODS FOR RESEARCHING THE LOCALIZATION AND DELOCALIZATION OF CARRIERS IN YBA2CU3O6+X FILMS

The results of the study of optical absorption of metal films YBa2Cu3O6+x when passing through the film direct current to 100 mA are presented. Analysis of the data indicates that the relationship between absorption and current arises due to the possibility of filling the localization areas with carriers in the current mode (or vice versa, due to the emission of localized carriers to the mobility level). Fdor films with substantially nonlinear voltammper characteristic, a strong effect of current on the value of interzone absorption was found. It has been experimentally established that the EO-effect occurs at interzone transitions only in the mode of nonlinear VAC, the amplitude of the effect increases with the growth of current (voltage), but with the linearization of VAC EO-effect disappears. In the field of optical transitions at local levels, this effect was not observed. The analysis of results from the point of view of carrier localization and delocalization processes

The Problems of Investment in Innovations, Range of Products and Technological Re-equipment of the Construction Corporation

The article considers the current state of the investment process in innovations applied to the construction companies in Russia. The subject of research: problems of investing in innovations, expansion and technological re-equipment of the construction corporation. The article covers the following topics: the study of statistical data regarding the present state of the construction sector. Object: to identify the main problems and the tendencies of development of the investment processes to provide innovations in the conditions of the transformed economy. The work carried out processing statistical information, which allowed the state to give the quantitative characteristics of the construction sector and its role in the economic development of Russia, as well as in the formation of federal budget revenues. The study used methods of system analysis, synthesis, complex approach, comparison, modeling and other methods of cognition. It is concluded that the presence of a wide range of indicators of the state of the economy in the sectoral and territorial aspects. A substantial increase in the state's share of investing activities in crisis and post-crisis period. It is concluded that the gradual transition of the Russian construction industry, the path to the updated development involves restructuring algorithms to achieve growth. A key source providing this transition should be a systematic approach to innovation. In this regard, the structure of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 shall be implemented in two successive stages

Особенности эксергетического анализа в системах кондиционирования воздуха

The paper examines two methods of choosing the initial reference point for exergy of the moist air flow. The first method is characterized by a zero exergy value at the current temperature and humidity of the outdoor air, which are variable both in daily and annual periods. Another is characterized by constant values of parameters of moist indoor air (its temperature and humidity in the room). A comparative study has shown the advantages of the second method: greater stability of values in air processing processes and their convenient presentation on exergy chart. However, it should be noted that this method provides a non-standard technical representation in which the entire energy flow is reduced to zero. The climatic information (temperature and humidity of the outside air) for numerical-analytical experiment has been used from official open sources. The city where the air conditioning system was supposedly installed is Stavropol. The research has been carried out in the summer and cold periods of the year. It is assumed that there are not installed any large heat sources in the room and the main heat sources appeared depending on the period of the year. Additionally, the air conditioning system was equipped with a recirculation line from the serviced room with a mechanical ventilator. The recirculated air entered the mixing chamber in the air conditioning unit which is reducing the consumption of heat energy in the cold season. There are the processes of air conditioning on the Ramzin's h–d-diagram for warm and cold operational modes of air conditioning unit, the air conditioning system under consideration.Исследуются два метода выбора начальной точки отсчета эксергии потока влажного воздуха. Первый характеризуется нулевым значением эксергии при текущей температуре и влажности наружного воздуха, которые изменяются как в суточные, так и в годовые периоды, другой – постоянными значениями параметров влажного внутреннего воздуха (его температуры и влажности в помещении). Сравнительное исследование показало преимущества второго метода: большую стабильность значений в процессах обработки воздуха и удобное их представление на эксергетической диаграмме. Однако следует отметить, что данный метод дает нестандартное техническое представление, в котором весь поток энергии сводится к нулю. Для численно-аналитического эксперимента использовали климатические данные (температуру и влажность наружного воздуха) из официальных открытых источников. Город, где предположительно была установлена система кондиционирования воздуха, – Ставрополь. Проведение исследований осуществлялось в летний и холодный периоды года. Принимали, что в помещении нет крупных источников теплоты, а основные из них появлялись в зависимости от периода года. Дополнительно система кондиционирования воздуха оборудовалась рециркуляционной линией из обслуживаемого помещения с механическим побуждением. Рециркуляционный воздух попадал в камеру смешения в приточной установке, тем самым обеспечивая сокращение расхода тепловой энергии в холодный период года. Приведены процессы обработки воздуха на h–d-диаграмме Рамзина для теплого и холодного режимов работы приточной установки, рассматриваемой системы кондиционирования воздуха.

Particularities of Exergy Analysis in Air Conditioning Systems

The paper examines two methods of choosing the initial reference point for exergy of the moist air flow. The first method is characterized by a zero exergy value at the current temperature and humidity of the outdoor air, which are variable both in daily and annual periods. Another is characterized by constant values of parameters of moist indoor air (its temperature and humidity in the room). A comparative study has shown the advantages of the second method: greater stability of values in air processing processes and their convenient presentation on exergy chart. However, it should be noted that this method provides a non-standard technical representation in which the entire energy flow is reduced to zero. The climatic information (temperature and humidity of the outside air) for numerical-analytical experiment has been used from official open sources. The city where the air conditioning system was supposedly installed is Stavropol. The research has been carried out in the summer and cold periods of the year. It is assumed that there are not installed any large heat sources in the room and the main heat sources appeared depending on the period of the year. Additionally, the air conditioning system was equipped with a recirculation line from the serviced room with a mechanical ventilator. The recirculated air entered the mixing chamber in the air conditioning unit which is reducing the consumption of heat energy in the cold season. There are the processes of air conditioning on the Ramzin's h–d-diagram for warm and cold operational modes of air conditioning unit, the air conditioning system under consideration

Psychophysiological support of orthopedic treatment in patients with dento-alveolar form of dentition and occlusion

The purpose: to improve the treatment of patients with orthopedic dento-alveolar deformation of dentition and occlusion by using a range of methods of psychophysiological support of patient care. Material and methods. The study included 86 patients, men and women aged from 18 to 49 years with dento-alveolar deformation of dentition and occlusion. The study used clinical, anthropometric, radiological, photometric and static methods. At each stage of treatment, to investigate the characteristics of the functional status of patients methods of SAN, IPC «adaptive», self-esteem of patients by developed questionnaire were used. Results. A direct, reliable, moderate correlation has been established between the estimates that have given quality of care to patients with a regularity of the complex of psychophysiological methods proposed. Conclusion. A positive impact of the proposed complex of psychophysiological methods to support the functional characteristics of the patients and their assessment of the treatment, and the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment have been determined

Identification of geographically distributed sub-populations of Leishmania (Leishmania) major by microsatellite analysis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Leishmania </it>(<it>Leishmania</it>) <it>major</it>, one of the agents causing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in humans, is widely distributed in the Old World where different species of wild rodent and phlebotomine sand fly serve as animal reservoir hosts and vectors, respectively. Despite this, strains of <it>L. (L.) major </it>isolated from many different sources over many years have proved to be relatively uniform. To investigate the population structure of the species highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were employed for greater discrimination among it's otherwise closely related strains, an approach applied successfully to other species of <it>Leishmania</it>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Multilocus Microsatellite Typing (MLMT) based on 10 different microsatellite markers was applied to 106 strains of <it>L. (L.) major </it>from different regions where it is endemic. On applying a Bayesian model-based approach, three main populations were identified, corresponding to three separate geographical regions: Central Asia (CA); the Middle East (ME); and Africa (AF). This was congruent with phylogenetic reconstructions based on genetic distances. Re-analysis separated each of the populations into two sub-populations. The two African sub-populations did not correlate well with strains' geographical origin. Strains falling into the sub-populations CA and ME did mostly group according to their place of isolation although some anomalies were seen, probably, owing to human migration.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The model- and distance-based analyses of the microsatellite data exposed three main populations of <it>L. (L.) major</it>, Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa, each of which separated into two sub-populations. This probably correlates with the different species of rodent host.</p

Canine leishmaniosis and its relationship to human visceral leishmaniasis in Eastern Uzbekistan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Namangan Region in the Pap District, located in Eastern Uzbekistan is the main focus of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Uzbekistan. In total, 28 cases of human VL were registered during 2006-2008 in this region. A study on the epidemiology of VL in this area was carried out in 2007-2008 in the villages of Chodak, Oltinkan, Gulistan and Chorkesar located at elevations of 900-1200 above sea level.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 162 dogs were tested for <it>Leishmania </it>infection. Blood was drawn for serology and PCR. When clinical signs of the disease were present, aspirates from lymph nodes and the spleen were taken. Forty-two dogs (25.9%) had clinical signs suggestive of VL and 51 (31.5%) were sero-positive. ITS-1 PCR was performed for 135 dogs using blood and tissue samples and 40 (29.6%) of them were PCR-positive. Leishmanial parasites were cultured from lymph node or spleen aspirates from 10 dogs.</p> <p>Eight <it>Leishmania </it>strains isolated from dogs were typed by multi-locus microsatellite typing (MLMT) and by multilocus enzyme electrophoretic analysis (MLEE), using a 15 enzyme system. These analyses revealed that the strains belong to the most common zymodeme of <it>L. infantum</it>, i.e., MON-1, and form a unique group when compared to MON-1 strains from other geographical regions.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The data obtained through this study confirm the existence of an active focus of VL in the Namangan region of Uzbekistan. The fact that <it>L. infantum </it>was the causative agent of canine infection with typical clinical signs, and also of human infection affecting only infants, suggests that a zoonotic form of VL similar in epidemiology to Mediterranean VL is present in Uzbekistan.</p