Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metal Production at Caherc

To explore the role of the Caherconnell Cashel in the Burren, this thesis focuses particularly upon the possibility of ferrous and non-ferrous metal production at the site. Using data from excavations dating back to 2007, this thesis looks at the main cashel, or ringfort, at the site. Caherconnell, a site much larger in size than the standard ringfort, is situated at the junction of three major zones of concentration in the Burren – the main route into the Burren, the religious route way used between AD 800 and 1160 (the Early Medieval Period), and the area of fertile farmland in the Burren. The production of metal at Caherconnell is clearly evidenced by the amount of high status artifacts found at the site and, of course, the clear evidence of metal production found within the site walls. Bronze and iron slag, hammer stones, a burnishing stone, and a stone mould used for pouring bronze have all been recovering during excavations of the main cashel. There has not been extensive publication on the role of Caherconnell in the region, nor has there been extensive excavation of other ringforts in the area. Caherconnell, however, is certainly an important site in the region. Not only is it far larger than the average ringfort, it was occupied by a subsidiary branch of one of the most powerful families in the region, the O’Lochlainns. The site also had a surplus of wealth due to its production of ferrous and non-ferrous metal, and it is this part of Caherconnell’s history I have focused on

Food safety, food fraud and food defense: a fast evolving literature

Intentional food crime is plural in nature in terms of the types of crime and the differing levels of financial gain. Successful models of food crime are dependent on how well the crime has been executed and at what point, or even if, detection actually occurs. The aim of this paper is to undertake a literature review and critique the often contradictory definitions that can be found in the literature in order to compare and contrast existing food crime risk assessment tools and their application. Food safety, food defense, and food fraud risk assessments consider different criteria in order to determine the degree of situational risk for each criteria and the measures that need to be implemented to mitigate that risk. Further research is required to support the development of global countermeasures, that are of value in reducing overall risk even when the potential hazards may be largely unknown, and specific countermeasures that can act against unique risks

A Reconsideration of Aboriginal Fishing Strategies in the Northern Great Lakes Region

Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 1989. Aboriginal northern Great Lakes fishing strategies varied with season, target species, and organization of the labor force. The placement of Woodland archaeological sites complied with the structure of these fisheries, but their locations do not reflect prey specificity or one specialized technology. Rather, resource-general locations suggest an essential step in the process of specialization. Flexibility in settlement and social styles existed among prehistoric foragers of the midlatitudes, as did a variety of solutions to food-getting problems. Slow, accretional processes rather than temporally discrete growth processes were responsible for Late Woodland site characteristics in this region. Stable locational-selection patterns are visible through reexamination of the historical data base and through statistical analyses of environmental factors associated with sites at a number of Woodland localities

The criminal law magazine and reporter : a bi-monthly periodical devoted to the interests of bench and bar in criminal cases : containing original articles on timely topics, full reports of important cases, and a digest of all recent criminal cases, American and English

Editors: 1880-83, Stewart Rapalje, R.L. Lawrence; 1884-Jan. 1890, Stewart Rapalje; Mar. 1890-93, G.A. Endlich; 1894-96, J.S. ErwinMode of access: Internet.Title varies: 1880-85, The criminal law magazine.--1886-96, The criminal law magazine and reporte