Fortalecimiento de las habilidades no técnicas a partir de un juego pedagógico de aprendizaje vivencial

Hoy en día la sociedad se encuentra a puertas de una cuarta revolución industrial, donde cada vez más se desarrolla la interacción del hombre con la tecnología. Por tal motivo, las instituciones educativas tienen el desafío de cambiar sus métodos tradicionales de enseñanza para introducir a sus alumnos al mundo de nuevas tecnologías disruptivas. De muchos métodos de enseñanza uno de las más adecuados para este tipo de desafío es el aprendizaje vivencial. Este método busca a través de la experimentación y actividades didácticas la evaluación de habilidades no técnicas en escenarios académicos y profesionales. En virtud de lo anterior, el presente trabajo se basa en el diseño y desarrollo de un juego pedagógico que tenga como objetivo fortalecer las habilidades no técnicas por medio del aprendizaje vivencial en los estudiantes de ingeniería industrial de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.Today, society is at the doors of a fourth industrial revolution, where the interaction of man with technology is increasingly developing. For this reason, educational institutions are challenged to change their traditional teaching methods to introduce their students to the world of new disruptive technologies. One of the most appropriate for this type of challenge is experiential learning. This method seeks through experimentation and didactic activities, the evaluation of non-technical skills in academic and professional settings. Therefore, the present work is based on the design and development of a pedagogical game that aims to strengthen non-technical skills through experiential learning in industrial engineering students at the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.Ingeniero (a) IndustrialPregrad

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio