Flexible conductive disc electrode Patent

Dry electrode design with wire sandwiched between two flexible conductive discs for monitoring physiological response

Zwei neue aethiopische Genera der Eumastacidae (Orth. Acrid.)

1 lámina.Peer reviewe

Dry electrodes for physiological monitoring

Subject preparation and application of sprayed dry electrodes for physiological monitorin

Kreyòl Ayisyen: Kreyòl pale, Kreyòl konprann!

O projeto de extensão “Kreyòl ayisyen: kreyòl pale, kreyòl konprann!” Traduzido em português como “Crioulo haitiano: crioulo falado, crioulo entendido!" é um curso de idiomas oferecido para a comunidade acadêmica Unileira, bem como o público geral da Tríplice Fronteira. O curso tem por objetivo de contribuir na formação linguística inicial do idioma crioulo haitiano, como também um meio de integração dos haitianos com a comunidade iguaçuense através da língua-cultura crioula haitiana. Neste sentido, além da produção de materiais didáticos para o ensino desta língua, são oferecidas aulas presenciais de língua-cultura haitiana na universidade. A metodologia utilizada neste projeto de ensino-aprendizagem do crioulo haitiano se enquadra na abordagem comunicativa-intercultural. Assim, nós temos grandes resultados e satisfações com o avanço linguístico dos participantes do projeto. E por fim, é importante ressaltar sobre a importância do ensino e aprendizagem do crioulo haitiano, um idioma falado por mais de 15 milhões de pessoas em diversos países do continente americano

Besiedlungsstrategien von Pionierarten der Arvicolidae auf Fluss-Inseln, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Phänomens der Überflutung

Innerhalb von sieben Jahren wurde die Populationsdynamik der Kleinsäugetiere auf zwei Fluss- Inseln untersucht. In den ersten Jahren vernichteten Winter-Überflutungen die Inselfauna. Es wanderten aber in jedem Jahr wieder bis zu 5 Kleinsäugetierarten auf die Inseln. In den letzten zwei Jahren blieben die Überflutungen aus, so dass Kleinsäugetiere auf den Inseln überwinterten und sich jeweils im nächsten Frühjahr Populationen aufbauten. Diese Gelegenheiten und ein Wiederansiedlungsprojekt der Sumpfmaus Microtus oeconomus im selben Gebiet ermöglichten Vergleiche. Die erfolgreichsten Pionierarten waren die Feldmaus Microtus arvalis und die Erdmaus Microtus agrestis. Deren Populationswachstum begann im Frühjahr mit einer Verzögerungsphase, an die sich eine exponentielle Dichtezunahme anschloss. Wie das Experiment der Wiederansiedlung der Sumpfmaus zeigte, lag auch ohne eine Flutkatastrophe eine Dichte-Depression im Winterhalbjahr. Aus dieser geringen Dichte heraus entwickelte sich im folgenden Frühjahr ein Populationswachstum. Daraus kann geschlossen werden, dass die Pionierarten in der Lage sind, mit wenigen immigrierten fortpflanzungsaktiven Tieren individuenreiche Populationen aufzubauen. Diese Kenntnisse sind von Bedeutung, um einschätzen zu können, welche Erfolge die Überflutungen zur Vernichtung von Kleinsäugetieren haben, um Prädatoren der Wiesenbrüter zu vergrämen. Offensichtlich kann mit dieser Methode ein Populationsaufbau der Pionierarten nicht verhindert sondern nur verzögert werden. Diese Verzögerung führt zu einer Gefährdung der Bruten der Wiesenbrüter, da aufgrund der geringen Nagetierdichten im zeitigen Frühjahr die Prädatoren während der Nahrungssuche häufiger auf Wiesenbrüter als auf Wühlmäuse treffen. Es sollte daher zukünftig in der Managementplanung mehr das Nahrungssuchverhalten der Prädatoren und die Populationsdynamik der Beutetier-Populationen berücksichtigt werfen.Within a period of 7 years, the settlement of small mammals has been monitored on two islands formed by the connection of old branches of the river Hase (Lower Saxony, Germany). In the first 5 years the islands have been flooded by water columns of up to one meter during each winter which killed all individuals. However, up to five small mammal species colonized the islands soon after the end of the winter inundations. In the last two winters the islands remained dry which allowed wintering and subsequently re-establishing of populations by the residents. The present situation in combination with a reintroduction experiment (translocation of Root voles, Microtus oeconomus, from the River Oder, Brandenburg, to the Hase Brook valley) allows drawing conclusions on the population dynamics of these species. Species composition of small mammals frequently changed within the years, but Common voles (Microtus arvalis) and Field voles (Microtus agrestis) were the most successful pioneer species. In spring the populations of both species started to increase exponentially after a short period of consolidation. This pattern of population growth even occurs when there hasn’t been any winter inundations as the reintroduction of Root voles has shown. They frequently increased in numbers after a winter depression. These findings indicate that in voles a few reproductive individuals are capable to build up large populations after they have colonized a suitable habitat. The present results are important for the evaluation of measures designed to reduce vole densities by winter inundations in order to prevent clutches and chicks of meadowbirds from predation. It is obvious that winter inundations cannot stop immigration and population growth of r-strategic pioneers like in our case Microtus species. However, winter inundations might retard the growth of vole populations which subsequently affect the survival of clutches and chicks of meadowbirds via an increasing predation risk. It is argued that management schemes designed to sustain meadowbird habitats require more information on the foraging behaviour of predators and their prey species

Estação de tratamento de dejetos de suínos (ETDS) como alternativa na redução do impacto ambiental da suinocultura.

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Ultrafast Laser Material Processing For Photonic Applications

Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing (FLDW) is a viable technique for producing photonic devices in bulk materials. This novel manufacturing technique is versatile due to its full 3D fabrication capability. Typically, the only requirement for this process is that the base material must be transparent to the laser wavelength. The modification process itself is based on non-linear energy absorption of laser light within the focal volume of the incident beam. This thesis addresses the feasibility of this technique for introducing photonic structures into novel dielectric materials. Additionally, this work provides a deeper understanding of the lightmatter interaction mechanism occurring at high pulse repetition rates. A novel structure on the sample surface in the form of nano-fibers was observed when the bulk material was irradiated with high repetition rate pulse trains. To utilize the advantages of the FLDW technique even further, a transfer of the technology from dielectric to semiconductor materials is investigated. However, this demands detailed insight of the absorption and modification processes themselves. Experiments and the results suggested that non-linear absorption, specifically avalanche ionization, is the limiting factor inhibiting the application of FLDW to bulk semiconductors with today’s laser sources

under special consideration of the assimilation of the legal system of both German States after german reunification

Titelblatt, Inhaltsverzeichnis,Lebenslauf 1\. Einleitung 2\. Literatur 3\. Eigene Untersuchungen 4\. Diskussion 5\. Zusammenfassung 6\. Summary Literaturverzeichnis AnlagenMit der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Weiterbildung zum Fachtierarzt auf lebensmittelhygienischem Gebiet untersucht. Nach Vorstellung der Weiterbildungsträger in beiden deutschen Staaten folgt eine Analyse der Veränderungen und Angleichungen der Weiterbildungsordnungen in Deutschland. Für die BRD wurde die Entwicklung der Weiterbildung bis zu einer weitgehend im Bundesgebiet angeglichenen Weiterbildungsordnung aufgezeigt. Für die DDR wurde die Entwicklung der Weiterbildung von der Gründung der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Veterinärmedizin als Weiterbildungsträger über die Einführung des postgradualen Studiums 1977 bis hin zur Wiedervereinigung Deutschland aufgezeigt. Dort wurde besonderer Wert auf die Entstehungsweise und die Durchführung des postgradualen Studiums gelegt. Es schließt sich ein Überblick über den seinerzeitigen Stand der Weiterbildung in Deutschland und der EU an. An die betreffenden Fachtierärzte der Fachrichtungen der Lebensmittelhygiene wurden Fragebögen verschickt.This theses above dealt with the course of further studies for a degree of a specialist veterinarian in the feld of food hygiene. In accordance with the intentions of the institutions of further studies in both german states, an analysis of the changes and assimilation of the systems of further studies was carried out. For the Federal Republic, the development up to an almost assimilated system of further studies was shown. For the German Democratic Republic, the development of further studies from the foundation of the Scientific Society of Veterinary Medicine as an institution of further studies via the introduction of postgradual studies in 1977 until German Reunification could be laid out. There special emphasis was put on the origins and carrying out of postgradual studies. A survey of the standards of further study courses in Germany and the EU at the time is then given. Questionaires were sent to the concerning specialist veterinarians in the field of food hygien

Climate and ocean circulation in the aftermath of a Marinoan snowball Earth

When a snowball Earth deglaciates through a very high atmospheric CO(2 )concentration, the resulting inflow of freshwater leads to a stably stratified ocean, and the strong greenhouse conditions drive the climate into a very warm state. Here, we use a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model, applying different scenarios for the evolution of atmospheric CO2, to conduct the first simulation of the climate and the three-dimensional ocean circulation in the aftermath of the Marinoan snowball Earth. The simulations show that the strong freshwater stratification breaks up on a timescale of the order of 10(3) years, mostly independent of the applied CO2 scenario. This is driven by the upwelling of salty waters in high latitudes, mainly the Northern Hemisphere, where a strong circumpolar current dominates the circulation. In the warmest CO2 scenario, the simulated Marinoan supergreenhouse climate reaches a global mean surface temperature of about 30 degrees C under an atmospheric CO2 concentration of 15 x 10(3) parts per million by volume, which is a moderate temperature compared to previous estimates. Consequently, the thermal expansion of seawater causes a sea-level rise of only 8 m, with most of it occurring during the first 3000 years. Our results imply that the surface temperatures of that time were potentially not as threatening for early metazoa as previously assumed. Furthermore, the short destratification timescale found in this study implies that Marinoan cap dolos tones accumulated during the deglacial period, given that they were deposited under the influence of a freshwater environment