Which One Goes Well with? : Exploring the Link between Theoretical Perspectives and Research Contexts in Open Innovation Research

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible relation between the most mentioned theoretical perspectives and the most studied research contexts in Open Innovation (OI) literature. To do this, a meta-review of highly cited literature reviews on OI was conducted to identify the most acknowledged theories and contexts. Articles including these concepts were retrieved with the software 'Publish or Perish' and analyzed with a qualitative approach to propose some clear relationships. The main results show that researchers apply similar theories to study certain research contexts, and this seems driven by promising publications trends. Altogether, the findings suggest that researchers are following a widening-narrowing approach of the theories and contexts used to study and validate OI. This paper also illustrates managers with relevant contexts e.g. industries, in which OI has been already adopted, motivating the implementation of OI efforts and practices in their practitioners contexts

Journal Staff

Es bien sabido que la innovación impulsa el desarrollo de las organizaciones de diferentes tamaños e industrias. Mientras para las grandes empresas es relativamente fácil innovar debido a sus recursos, en el caso de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs) el escenario es más complicado. Sin embargo, existen modelos para gestionar la innovación que han probado ser útiles para apoyar a varios tipos de empresas. La Innovación Abierta (Open Innovation) es uno de estos modelos que ha atraído la atención en los últimos años debido a que ha podido integrar modelos anteriores para gestionar la innovación junto con las prácticas que utilizan las organizaciones hoy en día. En general,  la aplicación y las ventajas de la Innovación Abierta se evidencian con casos de sectores emergentes de alta tecnología y de empresas multinacionales establecidas en países desarrollados, mermando su aplicabilidad en otro tipo de contextos. Esta desproporción aunada a la falta de comprensión de cómo aplicar la Innovación Abierta, es probablemente la causa de que varias empresas no la vean como una forma factible para mejorar su proceso de innovación. Por lo tanto, el propósito de este trabajo es describir algunas de las prácticas relacionadas con la Innovación Abierta que podrían ser utilizadas por los emprendedores y las PYMEs para innovar sus productos y comercializar sus ideas. Para lograr esto presentamos el estudio de caso de VUHL, un auto súper deportivo mexicano, creado por una PYME que ha sabido aprovechar varias de las prácticas de Innovación Abierta para crear un producto atractivo con altos niveles de innovación y tecnología. El caso demuestra como al utilizar este tipo de prácticas, las PYMEs pueden superar obstáculos relacionados con la falta de recursos, conocimientos, y experiencia. Así mismo, estas prácticas pueden ayudar a crear vínculos con diferentes actores en la sociedad, a nivel nacional e internacional, en los cuales se obtienen beneficios mutuos. Se concluye que las PYMEs, incluso en industrias maduras como la automotriz, podrían usar la Innovación Abierta como una estrategia competitiva adecuada para crear y comercializar productos innovadores y exitosos.QC 20141205</p

Toward the Adoption of a Framework for the Systemic Management of Innovation in SMEs: A Case from the Dairy Industry in Mexico

It is widely acknowledged that small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) are important in terms of enabling national and regional economies to form strong industrial sectors that provide jobs and generate value and welfare for society. The need for these companies to increase their competitiveness and become integrated into national and international production chains has also been acknowledged. In this sense, innovation, of any sort, is desirable for manufacturing SMEs, as this substantially improves their possibilities for growth and development. In any case, innovation is a complex process that must be properly managed, with a holistic vision that allows a full understanding of its implications and reduces the risks involved. This chapter applies systems thinking to innovation processes in manufacturing SMEs, with two main contributions: first, it proposes an innovation model for SMEs in the dairy sector, based on the systems approach theory; second, the case study of the model’s implementation, through a framework for innovation management, in a Mexican SME in the dairy sector with an innovation project for its production processes

Sustainable business models through the lens of organizational design: a systematic literature review

The interest in sustainable business models has grown rapidly in recent years. Although some progress has been made in identifying this concept and making the practices more sustainable, little is known about the organizational design that is most appropriate for creating new business models or implementing changes in existing ones towards a sustainability approach. This paper presents a review of sustainable business models in terms of the key factors that influence firm design based on organization theory. We retrieved 394 Journal Citation Reports papers from the WoK and Scopus databases, identifying 19 papers that have addressed the interplay between both constructs. We used the Galbraith Star Model to analyze the selected papers. We discuss three key findings for the cross-fertilization of both literatures: (i) the extension of the design elements outside the firm boundaries at the inter-organizational and ecosystem levels; (ii) the emphasis on certain design elements (strategy, process, people, structure) rather than others (rewards); and (iii) the use of the organizational design construct as a tactic tool for strategy execution of the sustainable business model. We also present theoretical and practical implications for the use and further development of this framework, as well as future avenues of research

Competitive Analysis to Innovate the Business Model of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Dairy Industry: A Study from an Emerging Market

Around the world, innovation strategy is becoming necessary for companies of all sizes. In any case, a solid innovation strategy results from a planned examination of the competitive environment. The selection of the relevant factors to consider for a suitable competitive analysis that supports the decision-making process to establish an innovation strategy could be a challenge for firms, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This chapter develops two main elements to fulfill a meaningful competitive analysis oriented to the innovation of prevalent conditions in the Mexican dairy industry: A sectorial competitive analysis focused on innovation conditions and a benchmarking of innovation efforts of a leader in the market. The study enlightens the opportunities for innovation in the business model of SMEs in the dairy industry in Mexico, with practical managerial implications transferable to other sectors

Search for continuous gravitational wave emission from the Milky Way center in O3 LIGO--Virgo data

We present a directed search for continuous gravitational wave (CW) signals emitted by spinning neutron stars located in the inner parsecs of the Galactic Center (GC). Compelling evidence for the presence of a numerous population of neutron stars has been reported in the literature, turning this region into a very interesting place to look for CWs. In this search, data from the full O3 LIGO--Virgo run in the detector frequency band $[10,2000]\rm~Hz$ have been used. No significant detection was found and 95$\%$ confidence level upper limits on the signal strain amplitude were computed, over the full search band, with the deepest limit of about $7.6\times 10^{-26}$ at $\simeq 142\rm~Hz$. These results are significantly more constraining than those reported in previous searches. We use these limits to put constraints on the fiducial neutron star ellipticity and r-mode amplitude. These limits can be also translated into constraints in the black hole mass -- boson mass plane for a hypothetical population of boson clouds around spinning black holes located in the GC.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figure

Constraints on the cosmic expansion history from GWTC-3

We use 47 gravitational-wave sources from the Third LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) to estimate the Hubble parameter $H(z)$, including its current value, the Hubble constant $H_0$. Each gravitational-wave (GW) signal provides the luminosity distance to the source and we estimate the corresponding redshift using two methods: the redshifted masses and a galaxy catalog. Using the binary black hole (BBH) redshifted masses, we simultaneously infer the source mass distribution and $H(z)$. The source mass distribution displays a peak around $34\, {\rm M_\odot}$, followed by a drop-off. Assuming this mass scale does not evolve with redshift results in a $H(z)$ measurement, yielding $H_0=68^{+12}_{-7} {\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ ($68\%$ credible interval) when combined with the $H_0$ measurement from GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart. This represents an improvement of 17% with respect to the $H_0$ estimate from GWTC-1. The second method associates each GW event with its probable host galaxy in the catalog GLADE+, statistically marginalizing over the redshifts of each event's potential hosts. Assuming a fixed BBH population, we estimate a value of $H_0=68^{+8}_{-6} {\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ with the galaxy catalog method, an improvement of 42% with respect to our GWTC-1 result and 20% with respect to recent $H_0$ studies using GWTC-2 events. However, we show that this result is strongly impacted by assumptions about the BBH source mass distribution; the only event which is not strongly impacted by such assumptions (and is thus informative about $H_0$) is the well-localized event GW190814

The population of merging compact binaries inferred using gravitational waves through GWTC-3

We report on the population properties of 76 compact binary mergers detected with gravitational waves below a false alarm rate of 1 per year through GWTC-3. The catalog contains three classes of binary mergers: BBH, BNS, and NSBH mergers. We infer the BNS merger rate to be between 10 $\rm{Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}}$ and 1700 $\rm{Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}}$ and the NSBH merger rate to be between 7.8 $\rm{Gpc^{-3}\, yr^{-1}}$ and 140 $\rm{Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}}$ , assuming a constant rate density versus comoving volume and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods used in this work. Accounting for the BBH merger rate to evolve with redshift, we find the BBH merger rate to be between 17.9 $\rm{Gpc^{-3}\, yr^{-1}}$ and 44 $\rm{Gpc^{-3}\, yr^{-1}}$ at a fiducial redshift (z=0.2). We obtain a broad neutron star mass distribution extending from $1.2^{+0.1}_{-0.2} M_\odot$ to $2.0^{+0.3}_{-0.3} M_\odot$. We can confidently identify a rapid decrease in merger rate versus component mass between neutron star-like masses and black-hole-like masses, but there is no evidence that the merger rate increases again before 10 $M_\odot$. We also find the BBH mass distribution has localized over- and under-densities relative to a power law distribution. While we continue to find the mass distribution of a binary's more massive component strongly decreases as a function of primary mass, we observe no evidence of a strongly suppressed merger rate above $\sim 60 M_\odot$. The rate of BBH mergers is observed to increase with redshift at a rate proportional to $(1+z)^{\kappa}$ with $\kappa = 2.9^{+1.7}_{-1.8}$ for $z\lesssim 1$. Observed black hole spins are small, with half of spin magnitudes below $\chi_i \simeq 0.25$. We observe evidence of negative aligned spins in the population, and an increase in spin magnitude for systems with more unequal mass ratio