Labour and trade union action in Global Production Networks

O artigo pretende fazer um balanço da incorporação do trabalho e da ação coletiva sindical à abordagem das redes globais de produção (RGPs) e de seus limites e potencial para o desenvolvimento de uma concepção sociológica multiagente e multiescalar do mundo do trabalho. Partindo da organização em rede das estratégias corporativas e seus impactos sobre as condições e relações de trabalho, a intenção é aprofundar o entendimento: (1) da conformação de redes laborais dispersas geograficamente, embora funcionalmente integradas; (2) do impacto destas sobre as formas de agência individual de trabalhadores, em suas variadas segmentações etária, étnica, de gênero e geográfica; e (3) das restrições e oportunidades à emergência de formas de ação e poder coletivo transnacionais condicionantes da agência econômica e política e influentes sobre a forma concreta dessas redes.In this paper, we aim to review the incorporation of labor, union and collective action into the global production networks (gpns) approach, highlighting their limits and potential for developing a multi-actor and multi-scale, sociological conception of labor. From the network-based corporate strategies and their impacts on industrial relations and working conditions, the discussion argues for a deeper understanding of: (1) the formation of geographically dispersed, however functionally integrated, labor networks; (2) their impact on workers’ individual agency according to their variegated age, ethnic, gender and geographic segmentations; and (3) the constraints and opportunities for the emergence of transnational forms of collective action and power, in order to affect the economic and political agency, and the concrete shape of these networks

Estratégias de desenvolvimento industrial e dinâmicas territoriais de contestação social e confronto político

O artigo discute o conflito socioambiental estabelecido na interação entre o desenvolvimento de estratégias industriais em rede, através da Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN), e formas emergentes de contestação social e confronto politico nas localidades siderúrgicas e de extração mineral de Volta Redonda (RJ) e Congonhas (MG). O argumento central enfatiza a importância dessas formas de enraizamento social como condicionantes da ação econômica, considerando principalmente a natureza inovadora da integração de questões do trabalho e do meio ambiente nos territórios pesquisados

Evidence for late Pleistocene volcanism at Santa Maria Island, Azores?

Santa Maria Island constitutes the oldest volcanic island within the Azores Archipelago, with no onshore record of eruptions younger than ≈2.8 Ma. A recent high-resolution multibeam bathymetric survey, however, revealed the presence of a seemingly young submerged wide volcanic edifice at approximately −70/−80 m, on the northeastern sector of the island shelf. The outer flanks of this volcanic edifice are partially eroded by marine erosion, but its general morphology is largely preserved, attesting to its relative youth. The edifice's aspect ratio and crater size are typical of a tuff ring formed by very violent surtseyan to taalian eruptions (with water/magma interaction ratios close to 1), implying extrusion at sea level or in very shallow waters, conditions that are incompatible with the present-day water depth at which this structure occurs. A detailed geomorphological analysis – coupled with a correlation with a modified reference eustatic curve – allowed the formulation and discussion of a formation model for the tuff ring, which involves extrusion during a period immediately preceding a rapid relative sea-level drop, most likely at ≈43 ka. Extrusion during such a period would have allowed for the subaerial consolidation and palagonitization of the tuff ring, increasing its resistance to erosion, before being finally submerged during the Last Glacial Termination. Submersion during the Last Glacial Termination – a period characterised by extremely fast sea-level rise – also helps to explain why this tuff ring was submerged without being completely razed by marine erosion. Our study offers insights on the formation and preservation of tuff rings in coastal environments, and in relation to sea-level oscillations, suggesting that consolidation plays a crucial role in the process. Crucially, our study suggests that Santa Maria's volcanism might have extended well into the very late Pleistocene, raising important hazard implications. Future work is scheduled to confirm this hypothesis, including sampling of the volcanic products by dredging and/or by remote operated vehicle. Our study also emphasises the importance of available high-resolution bathymetric surveys to the formulation of solid volcanic hazard assessments on volcanic islands.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

MUDANÇAS NA LEGISLAÇÃO TRABALHISTA, SINDICATO E EMPRESAS MULTINACIONAIS

A proposta do texto é relacionar as alterações recentes na legislação brasileira do trabalho (principalmente a partir da reforma trabalhista aprovada pelo Congresso Nacional, em 2017) com os interesses das empresas multinacionais instaladas no país, tomando como exemplo a indústria automotiva. Busca identificar de que forma, nesses últimos anos, a redução da proteção laboral e o aprofundamento da instabilidade no emprego têm sido utilizados pelas empresas para aumentar o controle sobre os trabalhadores e para desqualificar a ação de suas instituições de representação. A precarização dos laços de emprego e o uso, agora legal, de terceirização e quarteirização foram incorporados às atividades produtivas e aprofundaram estratégias voltadas para o trabalho como formas de obter melhores resultados econômicos. CHANGES IN LABOUR LAW, TRADE UNION AND MULTINATIONALCOMPANIESThe text aims at relating recent changes in the Brazilian labour legislation (mainly after the Labour Reform, approved by the National Congress in 2017) with the interests of the multinational companies based in the country, taking as an example the automotive industry. The purpose is to identify how, in the last years, the reduction of labour protection and the increase in employment instability have been used by companies to raise the control over workers and to disqualify trade union action. Precarious jobs, and the use, now legal, of subcontracting, have been incorporated to production, and have strengthened strategies that stress on work to improve their economic results.Key words: Labour Reform; Trade union action; Multinationals companies; Automotive industry; Subcontracting CHANGEMENTS DANS LE DROIT DU TRAVAIL, LES SYNDICATS ET LES MULTINATIONALESLa proposition du texte est de faire le lien entre les récents changements apportés à la législation brésilienne du travail (principalement de la réforme du travail approuvée par le Congrès national, en 2017) avec les intérêts des multinationales installées dans le pays, en prenant comme un exemple de l’industrie automobile. Il cherche à identifier comment, ces dernières années, la réduction de la protection du travail et l’aggravation de l’instabilité de l’emploi ont été utilisées par les entreprises pour accroître le contrôle sur les travailleurs et disqualifier l’action de leurs institutions de représentation. La précarisation des liens d’emploi et l’utilisation, désormais légale, externalisée et quarteirisation ont été incorporées dans les activités productives et des stratégies approfondies visant à travailler comme moyens d’obtenir de meilleurs résultats économiques.Key words: Réforme du travail; Action syndicale; Multinationales; Industrie automobile; Sous-traitanc

INCIDENCE OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS BY GRAM-NEGATIVE NON-FERMENTERS AND PROFILE OF ANTIMICROBIAL SENSITIVITY IN A HOSPITAL IN CAMPINA GRANDE-PB

The non-fermenting bacilli (BGN-NF) are frequent hospital microorganisms and cause disease by infecting colonization in immunocompromised patients or when they reach sterile body sites through invasive hospital procedures such as introduction of catheters and ventilators, are therefore considered opportunistic bacteria. This work aimed study the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of BGN-NF, isolated from infectious process of patients admitted in a public hospital in Campina Grande-PB, in the period April 2009 to March 2011. Of the 1,056 patients analyzed cultures from different clinical specimens, 358 (33.9 %) presented bacterial growth and were classified as cases of community infections (IC) or hospital infections (IH), according to the criteria established by the Law 2616/98 from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, noting 52 (15%) cases of infection by rods BGN-NF. Among these, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most prevalent species with 44 (84.6%) of insulation,especially also for high resistance to antimicrobials. The largest number of P. aeruginosa, was detected in secretions collected orotracheal tube with 9 (26.4%) cases, with prevalence in patients above 60 years. Among the hospital enrironments where these microorganisms were more prevalent, the intensive care unit, with 44.2% of cases. There was a high resistance of strains of P. aeruginosa from most of the antimicrobials tested. Among those who showed good antimicrobial activity, stood out: imipenen with 2 (5.8%) and ciprofloxacin and amikacin 7 (20.5%) with drug-resistant strains. Not observed difference in resistance between nosocomial and/or communitary strains

Emergence and evolution of Santa Maria Island (Azores)—The conundrum of uplifted islands revisited

The growth and decay of ocean island volcanoes is intrinsically linked to vertical movements; whilst the causes for subsidence are better understood, uplift mechanisms remain enigmatic. Santa Maria Island in the Azores Archipelago is an ocean island volcano resting on top of young lithosphere, barely 480 km away from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Like most other Azorean islands, Santa Maria should be experiencing subsidence. Yet, several features indicate an uplift trend instead. In this paper we reconstruct the evolutionary history of Santa Maria with respect to the timing and magnitude of its vertical movements, using detailed fieldwork and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. Our investigations revealed a complex evolutionary history spanning ~6 m.y., with subsidence up to ca. 3.5 Ma followed by uplift extending to the present day. The fact that an island located in young lithosphere experienced a pronounced uplift trend is remarkable and raises important questions concerning possible uplift mechanisms. Localized uplift in response to the tectonic regime affecting the southeastern tip of the Azores Plateau is unlikely since the area is under transtension. Our analysis shows that the only viable mechanism able to explain the uplift is crustal thickening by basal intrusions, suggesting that intrusive processes play a significant role even on islands standing on young lithosphere, such as in the Azores

Analyzing a national health surveillance strategy to reduce mother-to-child transmission of syphilis: the case of Brazilian investigation committees

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relevance of investigation committees in eliminating mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Brazil. Methods: Questionnaires and interviews were conducted with health managers of 25 Brazilian Federative Units and Brazil’s Federal District. Data were analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis technique and subsequently compared with the global prescriptions for syphilis response of the Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization, and recent research publications examining the course of syphilis in Brazil, in Brazilian regions, and globally. Results: While the investigation committees drew on the successful experience of those in reducing maternal mortality, which helped the country achieve the Millennium Development Goals, they are not demonstrated to be sufficient for preventing mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. The committees’ systematic and bureaucratic agenda has not been efficient in managing avoidable factors for syphilis, nor do they operate in the scope of the integration of surveillance and care actions, as recommended by the health policy. Conclusion: The committees’ model needs to be reviewed in the context of Brazil’s National Health System. The research process should be rescaled in order to remain a cornerstone for the induction of health policy that integrates surveillance and healthcare across Brazilian Federative Units. The advancement toward an automated case management model becomes relevant for the country to meet global commitments to eliminate congenital syphilis transmission and achieve the goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Caderno de pós-graduação em direito: processo decisório no poder legislativo

Os trabalhos científicos ora apresentados são fruto da disciplina Processo Decisório no Poder Legislativo, ministrada no quarto bimestre de 2021 pelo Professor Doutor Ricardo José Pereira Rodrigues. No bimestre, foram trabalhados casos difíceis (hard cases), sob o prisma do Processo Decisório no âmbito do Poder Legislativo em seus desdobramentos atuais. Foram selecionados 6 (seis) artigos sobre os assuntos e textos trabalhados durante o bimestre. Os textos são de autoria dos discentes da disciplina, sendo estes e estas: João Vitor Pinto Silva Mota, Mariana da Costa Paixão, Pamela de Oliveira Leal da Silva, Rafael Ferreira Larcher, Renata Ilha Léda e Samuel da Silva Antunes