Sin / Sense

Sexto desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere «Purificación Escribano» de la Universitat Jaume

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG in Human Milk From Vaccinated Mothers After Holder Pasteurization

Breastfeeding rendered crucial for preterm infants during COVID-19 pandemic. However, the role of donated human milk (DHM) in the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection when own mother’s milk is not available or insufficient remains unclear. Pasteurization of DHM contributes to the loss of some biological and nutritional properties of human milk. The presence of specific breast milk SARS-CoV-2 antibodies has been demonstrated in women after COVID-19 disease and after vaccination. We aimed to evaluate the impact of Holder pasteurization on vaccinated donor women’s milk and to identify the impact on the concentrations of specific immunoglobulins (Ig) against SARS-CoV-2. A prospective, observational, exploratory pilot study in lactating women (n=12) who received the complete course of mRNA-based vaccines (BioNTech/Pfizer) against SARS-CoV-2 infection was conducted. Levels of antibodies directed to structural receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were determined by ELISA before and after pasteurization. IgA and IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin concentrations were significantly reduced after Holder pasteurization. Interestingly, there was a negative correlation between the initial amount of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the percentage of their recovery after the pasteurization for both isotypes. Despite the partial loss of immunoglobulins still a high percentage of antibodies remained after the pasteurization, a mean of 70.53 (3.4)% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and 81.99 (21.89)% of IgG antibodies. Our study underscores the potential relevance of breast feeding or alternatively DHM to provide babies at risk with virus-specific SARS-CoV-2 antibodies thus protecting them against COVID-19.We thank the support and guidance of M.C. Collado and C. Martinez-Costa. We thank all the families who were involved in the study during this difficult time and in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the collaborators of the MilkCORONA study team and, the support received by the research grant from LaMarató-TV3 (ref. 31/109/202106).N

Effect of donor human milk on host-gut microbiota and metabolic interactions in preterm infants

Background & aims: Human milk is the gold standard for infant nutrition. Preterm infants whose mothers are unable to provide sufficient own mother's milk (OMM), receive pasteurized donor human milk (DHM). We studied metabolic signatures of OMM and DHM and their effect on the interplay of the developing microbiota and infant's metabolism. Methods: Metabolic fingerprinting of OMM and DHM as well as infant's urine was performed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and the infant's stool microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Significant differences in the galactose and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways when comparing OMM and DHM, and alterations of the steroid hormone synthesis and pyrimidine metabolism pathways in urine were observed depending on the type of feeding. Differences in the gut-microbiota composition were also identified. Conclusion: The composition of DHM differs from OMM and feeding of DHM has a significant impact on the metabolic phenotype and microbiota of preterm infants. Our data help to understand the origin of the observed changes generating new hypothesis: i) steroid hormones present in HM have a significant influence in the activity of the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway in preterm infants; ii) the pyrimidine metabolism is modulated in preterm infants by the activity of gut-microbiota. Short- and long-term implications of the observed changes for preterm infants need to be assessed in further studies.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Spain [grant numbers CD19/00176, CM18/00165, and CP16/00034]; and the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme through the Nutrishield project (https://nutrishield-project.eu/) [Grant Agreement No 818110]. MCC would like to acknowledge the support from the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant [Grant Agreement No. 639226].Peer reviewe

Jornada CSIC-Fundación Triptólemos: Sostenibilidad en los sistemas alimentarios

Datos técnicos: 182 minutos, color, español. Ficha técnica: Gabinete de Presidencia CSIC y Departamento de Comunicación. Emitido en directo el 8 junio 2023Durante el acto se ha presentado el modelo Triptolemos de los sistemas alimentarios sostenibles que define en 4 ejes en equilibrio (disponibilidad y accesibilidad; economía; políticas y entorno social) y los cuantifica para mejorar su gestión. El modelo está avalado por la Cátedra UNESCO Science and Innovation for Sustainable Development: Global Food Production and Food Safety. El acto ha contado con la Secretaria General de investigación, el Secretario General de Agricultura y Alimentación, la presidenta del CSIC, el presidente de la Fundación Triptolemos, el rector de la UNED, un representante de la Comisión Europea y reconocidos investigadores en sus respectivas áreas.Peer reviewe

Does Pasteurized Donor Human Milk Efficiently Protect Preterm Infants Against Oxidative Stress?

International audiencePasteurized donor human milk (DHM) is the preferred alternative for infant nutrition when own mother's milk (OMM) is unavailable. Whether DHM is an efficient means for protecting preterm infants from oxidative stress remains unknown. We quantified a panel of oxidative stress biomarkers in urine samples from preterm infants (≤32 weeks of gestation and a birth weight ≤1500 g) receiving ≥80% of feeding volume as either DHM or OMM. The noninvasive in vivo assessment of oxidative stress showed no statistically significant difference between both groups at the time when full enteral nutrition (150 mL/kg body weight) was achieved and until hospital discharge. In addition, the changes of urinary biomarker levels with time were assessed. This is the first longitudinal study on oxidative stress levels in preterm infants fed with DHM in comparison with OMM. There is no statistically significant difference in urinary oxidative stress levels of preterm infants from both groups indicating that despite the effects of pasteurization, DHM is a valid alternative when OMM is not available. Based on the results, we raise the hypothesis that pasteurized DHM protects preterm infants from oxidative stress as good as OMM, and consequently, its use could prevent oxidative stress-related diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 31, 791-799

Memorias del primer Simposio Nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas

Primer simposio nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas: El renacer del espacio de discusión científica para el Agro colombiano