ENHANCING BUSINESS PERFORMANCE FOR CV. COOL CLEAN

As the globalization era continues to grow, many new businesses are emerging worldwide. Business operations in one country mean failing to capitalize on the added advantage of taking a lot of customers.The following report will interpret the business operations of a clean cv company, a company that produces wet tissue for gallon mineral water and wet tissue to clean hands in restaurants, the company is located in Indonesia. Because this company has been very successful in their home country, and we from the students will make this company more known throughout Indonesia, especially in Sumatra Kalimantan and Sulawesi.To do so, we will create a marketing plan for CV COOL CLEAN, based on an in-depth analysis of the company's background, vision, mission and organizational structure. Also, we will assess the company's readiness to do domestic marketing which I think is lacking for eastern Indonesia. Finally, we will provide suggestions on how to successfully develop and implement international marketing, to enter the market in parts of Indonesia.In general, our report aims to drive cool clean companies to a successful path for further development and we believe that our marketing plan will allow the company to significantly expand their business

The COVID‐19 Pandemic Not Only Poses Challenges, but Also Opens Opportunities for Sustainable Transformation

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted social, economic, and environmental systems worldwide, slowing down and reversing the progress made in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). SDGs belong to the 2030 Agenda to transform our world by tackling humankind's challenges to ensure well-being, economic prosperity, and environmental protection. We explore the potential impacts of the pandemic on SDGs for Nepal. We followed a knowledge co-creation process with experts from various professional backgrounds, involving five steps: online survey, online workshop, assessment of expert's opinions, review and validation, and revision and synthesis. The pandemic has negatively impacted most SDGs in the short term. Particularly, the targets of SDG 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 13 have and will continue to have weakly to moderately restricting impacts. However, a few targets of SDG 2, 3, 6, and 11 could also have weakly promoting impacts. The negative impacts have resulted from impeding factors linked to the pandemic. Many of the negative impacts may subside in the medium and long terms. The key five impeding factors are lockdowns, underemployment and unemployment, closure of institutions and facilities, diluted focus and funds for non-COVID-19-related issues, and anticipated reduction in support from development partners. The pandemic has also opened a window of opportunity for sustainable transformation, which is short-lived and narrow. These opportunities are lessons learned for planning and action, socio-economic recovery plan, use of information and communication technologies and the digital economy, reverse migration and “brain gain,” and local governments' exercising authorities

Effects of rare kidney diseases on kidney failure: a longitudinal analysis of the UK National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases (RaDaR) cohort

\ua9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Individuals with rare kidney diseases account for 5–10% of people with chronic kidney disease, but constitute more than 25% of patients receiving kidney replacement therapy. The National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases (RaDaR) gathers longitudinal data from patients with these conditions, which we used to study disease progression and outcomes of death and kidney failure. Methods: People aged 0–96 years living with 28 types of rare kidney diseases were recruited from 108 UK renal care facilities. The primary outcomes were cumulative incidence of mortality and kidney failure in individuals with rare kidney diseases, which were calculated and compared with that of unselected patients with chronic kidney disease. Cumulative incidence and Kaplan–Meier survival estimates were calculated for the following outcomes: median age at kidney failure; median age at death; time from start of dialysis to death; and time from diagnosis to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) thresholds, allowing calculation of time from last eGFR of 75 mL/min per 1\ub773 m2 or more to first eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1\ub773 m2 (the therapeutic trial window). Findings: Between Jan 18, 2010, and July 25, 2022, 27 285 participants were recruited to RaDaR. Median follow-up time from diagnosis was 9\ub76 years (IQR 5\ub79–16\ub77). RaDaR participants had significantly higher 5-year cumulative incidence of kidney failure than 2\ub781 million UK patients with all-cause chronic kidney disease (28% vs 1%; p<0\ub70001), but better survival rates (standardised mortality ratio 0\ub742 [95% CI 0\ub732–0\ub752]; p<0\ub70001). Median age at kidney failure, median age at death, time from start of dialysis to death, time from diagnosis to eGFR thresholds, and therapeutic trial window all varied substantially between rare diseases. Interpretation: Patients with rare kidney diseases differ from the general population of individuals with chronic kidney disease: they have higher 5-year rates of kidney failure but higher survival than other patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3–5, and so are over-represented in the cohort of patients requiring kidney replacement therapy. Addressing unmet therapeutic need for patients with rare kidney diseases could have a large beneficial effect on long-term kidney replacement therapy demand. Funding: RaDaR is funded by the Medical Research Council, Kidney Research UK, Kidney Care UK, and the Polycystic Kidney Disease Charity

Taking stock of 10 years of published research on the ASHA programme: Examining India’s national community health worker programme from a health systems perspective

Background: As India’s accredited social health activist (ASHA) community health worker (CHW) programme enters its second decade, we take stock of the research undertaken and whether it examines the health systems interfaces required to sustain the programme at scale. Methods: We systematically searched three databases for articles on ASHAs published between 2005 and 2016. Articles that met the inclusion criteria underwent analysis using an inductive CHW–health systems interface framework. Results: A total of 122 academic articles were identified (56 quantitative, 29 mixed methods, 28 qualitative, and 9 commentary or synthesis); 44 articles reported on special interventions and 78 on the routine ASHA program. Findings on special interventions were overwhelmingly positive, with few negative or mixed results. In contrast, 55% of articles on the routine ASHA programme showed mixed findings and 23% negative, with few indicating overall positive findings, reflecting broader system constraints. Over half the articles had a health system perspective, including almost all those on general ASHA work, but only a third of those with a health condition focus. The most extensively researched health systems topics were ASHA performance, training and capacity-building, with very little research done on programme financing and reporting, ASHA grievance redressal or peer communication. Research tended to be descriptive, with fewer influence, explanatory or exploratory articles, and no predictive or emancipatory studies. Indian institutions and authors led and partnered on most of the research, wrote all the critical commentaries, and published more studies with negative results. Conclusion: Published work on ASHAs highlights a range of small-scale innovations, but also showcases the challenges faced by a programme at massive scale, situated in the broader health system. As the programme continues to evolve, critical comparative research that constructively feeds back into programme reforms is needed, particularly related to governance, intersectoral linkages, ASHA solidarity, and community capacity to provide support and oversight

Effects of rare kidney diseases on kidney failure: a longitudinal analysis of the UK National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases (RaDaR) cohort

Background Individuals with rare kidney diseases account for 5–10% of people with chronic kidney disease, but constitute more than 25% of patients receiving kidney replacement therapy. The National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases (RaDaR) gathers longitudinal data from patients with these conditions, which we used to study disease progression and outcomes of death and kidney failure. Methods People aged 0–96 years living with 28 types of rare kidney diseases were recruited from 108 UK renal care facilities. The primary outcomes were cumulative incidence of mortality and kidney failure in individuals with rare kidney diseases, which were calculated and compared with that of unselected patients with chronic kidney disease. Cumulative incidence and Kaplan–Meier survival estimates were calculated for the following outcomes: median age at kidney failure; median age at death; time from start of dialysis to death; and time from diagnosis to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) thresholds, allowing calculation of time from last eGFR of 75 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or more to first eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (the therapeutic trial window). Findings Between Jan 18, 2010, and July 25, 2022, 27 285 participants were recruited to RaDaR. Median follow-up time from diagnosis was 9·6 years (IQR 5·9–16·7). RaDaR participants had significantly higher 5-year cumulative incidence of kidney failure than 2·81 million UK patients with all-cause chronic kidney disease (28% vs 1%; p<0·0001), but better survival rates (standardised mortality ratio 0·42 [95% CI 0·32–0·52]; p<0·0001). Median age at kidney failure, median age at death, time from start of dialysis to death, time from diagnosis to eGFR thresholds, and therapeutic trial window all varied substantially between rare diseases. Interpretation Patients with rare kidney diseases differ from the general population of individuals with chronic kidney disease: they have higher 5-year rates of kidney failure but higher survival than other patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3–5, and so are over-represented in the cohort of patients requiring kidney replacement therapy. Addressing unmet therapeutic need for patients with rare kidney diseases could have a large beneficial effect on long-term kidney replacement therapy demand. Funding RaDaR is funded by the Medical Research Council, Kidney Research UK, Kidney Care UK, and the Polycystic Kidney Disease Charity

Thermo-Mechanical Based Residual Stress and Distortion Visualization Using Analytical, Graphical, and FEM Based Numerical Methods

The arc welding process is the main fusion welding process used in the offshore industry. This thesis attempts to understand the residual stress and distortion issues attributed to welding, and the study aims to bring a sense of value, purpose, and relevancy to academic scholarship and industrial application. Welding-induced residual stresses and distortions are prevalent in welded structures. Therefore, understanding the basic principles and theories behind the measurement of residual stress and distortion is the key to solving the issue attributed to welding. This thesis presents an overview of the welding process used in the offshore industry, general weld metallurgy, a brief introduction to the issue, and a short overview of experimental, analytical, and finite element based residual stress and distortion measurement techniques. Residual stress and distortion issues are discussed in the simplest yet efficient way using one-bar and a three-bar model. Demonstration of longitudinal and transverse residual stress and distortions using the one-bar and three-bar model is the simplest way to visualize the inherent problem of welding. Thermo-mechanical-based finite element analysis is performed to analyze the 2D axisymmetric plate when the prescribed temperature field is applied to the simplified quarter plate model using ABAQUS software. The result obtained from thermo-mechanical simulation is compared with the result obtained from the shrinkage strain method. Yield level tensile residual was found along the welding centerline at the end of the heating cycle, causing a longitudinal expansion along the welding axis. At the end of the cooling process, the compressive residual of yield stress magnitude was obtained, which caused longitudinal shrinkage along the welding centerline. The shrinkage strain method showed an approximate result to that of the thermo-mechanical simulation for the case of residual stresses and shrinkage along the welding centerline. A component of transverse residual stress across the welding plate is one-fourth of the yield stress value; however, another component of stresses across the welding centerline observed was nominal. The lateral expansion was observed by thermo-mechanical simulation contrary to the transverse shrinkage observed in the shrinkage strain method

COMMERCIALIZATION OF EUROPEAN FOOTBALL : Different Aspects Leading to Commercialization

Basically, the main goal of this thesis is to make a clear picture of football business in Europe, which consists of many financial factors, relations between football and their supporters, rise of many competitions and leagues and most importantly about the players and their transfers. As, they are the vital aspects of football industry. The history of football business is shown when it came into exist in Europe. The small efforts from private companies and the media, TV broadcasting helped to make the game a commercial sector. Actually, it came to know that time amended the game into business and made the huge arena. Since the outcome of the thesis has clearly demonstrate about the parallel success in achieving the goal of maintaining the football club, its players, their benefits and their supporter’s satisfaction is quite challenging. Nevertheless, the financial performance is based on various factors that is shown by the annual financial review. Along with the bright side, some limitations have been discussed too. It has been presented that the globalization is required in the football business in order to make it more robust. Besides, the transfer of players is also the other essential factor to make the game fair and competitive as well as the fluctuation of the revenues of the clubs from one to other. Thus, the transfer of players is also the key for the smooth movement of football business. Furthermore, branding of the players added the value of them and their clubs too and make them the star players. Football business has made the profession for the passionate players and make their bright future. The findings have revealed the core strength and process of commercialization of football in Europe through history along with some weaknesses, which has great effects and importance on human beings nowadays