Demonstration of microRNA using in situ hybridisation on formalin fixed paraffin wax samples using conventional oligonucleotide probes: a comparison with the use of locked nucleic acid probes

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNA) regulate the translation of mRNA during gene expression and investigations have highlighted their importance in pathophysiology. qRT-PCR is currently the gold standard method for detecting changes in miRNA expression. However, when used on heterogeneous samples, it cannot identify individual cell types harbouring miRNAs. For this, in situ hybridisation (ISH) can be used. ISH methods using locked nucleic acid (LNA) probes have been shown to give reliable results in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples. In this study their use has been directly compared with conventional oligonucleotide probes (COP) for ISH. Methods: FFPE samples of colorectal adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma of lung and cases of invasive breast carcinoma were used to evaluate COP and LNA methods for the demonstration of miR-126 and miR-205. To demonstrate the utility of the COP method demonstration of miR-21 in 19 Gleason stage 7 prostate biopsy FFPE tissues was also undertaken. The demonstration of miR-21 by ISH in high and low expressing prostate cancer cell lines was also compared with qRT-PCR. Results: Similar results were obtained using the COP and LNA ISH methods for the demonstration of miR-126 and miR-205. miR-21 was successfully demonstrated in the prostate cancer samples by COP ISH and expression levels of the miRNA demonstrated in the cell lines corresponded with qRT-PCR. Conclusion: This study has shown that simplification of ISH protocols by the use of COPs provides equivalent results to the use of LNA methods and it can be used to precisely identify cells in which miRNA are expressed

A Review: Adoption Implementation of E-Procurement in Organization

Abstract— Electronic procurement or E-Procurement is a method for requisition for goods and services in organization throughout the internet. An E-Procurement is a part of the supply chain and its enables suppliers to sell their products and services. This study will identify factor influence the E-Procurement in an organization. Findings of this study demonstrate most organization responds agreed to implementation of E-Procurement in their business transaction towards give positive impact into organization. E-Procurement as useful tool to improve their selling efficiency, simplify their selling process, increase their administrative saving, increase their job performance and job productivity and improve their management system. In another view in this study, it has been noticed that in the present business condition, clients are demanding for better value in their investment. The utilization of E-Procurement demonstrates that implementation of E-procurement in organization currently endeavoring to address the clients’ needs

Socio-Economic Condition and Occupation Migration of Fisherman of the Jamuna River under Shirajgonj District in Bangladesh

A field study was conducted on the socio-economic condition of the fishermen community, occupation migration and fish biodiversity in the Jamuna River at Belkuchi char areas under Shirajgonj district, Bangladesh. The study was conducted from November 2012 to August 2013. Data were collected from randomly selected 100 respondents of fishermen community using semi-structured questionnaire interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Fish biodiversity data were also collected from four major markets. The result was calculated by collecting present data and 15 years ago data from the interviewers. The study indicated that most of the fishermen had improved their average annual income, housing condition, drinking water facility, sanitation facility, health facility etc. The fishermen are adapting to different occupations beside fishing such as fish culture, fish selling, agriculture, boat making, labor, looming, business, CNG driving and migration to town for seeking seasonal jobs. A significant amount of fishermen (30%) are adapting to these different livelihood options. Only 8% fishermen got subsidy in the study area. The main problems are extortion by the local extortionists, inadequate credit, lack of appropriate gear etc. A total of 57 species of fishes under 20 families and 9 orders were found in the Jamuna River. The study recommends that governmental and nongovernmental organizations should help the fishermen in adapting their livelihood in different sector during banning season. Government should also monitor the subsidy facility carefully till reaching the true fishermen. Besides, these organizations should also help in conserving the fish diversity of the Jamuna River to reduce the vulnerability of fishermen

Alteration in peripheral muscle strength among overweight and obese individuals: A systematic review

© Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University. Peripheral muscle dysfunction in Overweight (OW) and Obesity (OB) leads to fatigue and activity limitations. However, there are contradictory views regarding the exact level with regard to hand grip and quadriceps muscle strength in OW and OB. The main objective of the present systematic review was to synthesize the literature for the strength part of the hand grip and quadriceps muscle strength among OW and OB. Literature search of Scopus, EBSCO and PubMed databases from 01.01.2004 to 30.06.2016, was performed. We set our search strategy using the terms “overweight OR obesity” AND “muscle strength” AND “grip OR quadriceps”. Two reviewers administered established eligible criteria and extracted the data. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) was used to assess the risk of bias. Sixteen articles which were included identified Handgrip Strength (HGS), shoulder flexor, elbow flexor and knee extensor were found to be altered. There were consistent results with an increase in quadriceps muscle strength, whereas differed results were found in hand grip to increase and decrease in muscle strength in the presence of OW and OB. It is concluded that HGS appeared to be diversified with findings of increased and decrease strength, whereas regarding the quadriceps muscles, the findings were homogeneous

Variations in banana properties

Samples prepared from different bananas and from different parts of a banana may vary in their properties, which may cause variations in the final results in experiments. Therefore, assessment of variation in the samples’ properties is necessary, and it can be evaluated using statistical analysis. In this work, the variation in banana properties—colour, texture, moisture and sugar contents— within and between bananas were assessed statistically using a two-stage nested design test and the two-sample t-test. Results show that the variation of properties is significant for bananas with different degrees of ripeness. This finding suggests that samples can be prepared from different parts of the bananas provided that the bananas are at the same degrees of ripeness. It was also found that the location of sample in the drying chamber did not affect the measured properties of the drying bananas, significantly. The tests performed for banana texture using a laboratory apparatus produced results that were similar to those performed using a dynamic mechanical analyzer. This suggests that the use of highly-sophisticated instruments in the texture analysis of dried fruit in terms of the apparent modulus is not crucial

Effect of moisture content and microwave power on puffed yield and expansion volume of Malaysian paddy variety MR297

Puffed rice, is a popular ready-to-eat product especially in South-East Asia. In this study, an attempt is made to examine the effectiveness of puffing the Malaysia paddy variety MR297 using domestic microwave oven. The experiment was carried out based on two parameters, which are three levels of microwave power (600, 700 and 800 Watt) and three levels of moisture content (11, 14 and 17 % w.b.). The best condition for puffing the paddy was determined based on the puffed yield and expansion volume. The results show that adequate moisture content is required to generate sufficient internal pressure for puffing. The puffed yield and expansion volume were higher with an increase in microwave power. The best conditions to obtain highest puffing yield with the expansion volume of 2.22 mL/g were found to be at a moisture content of 14% w.b. with the microwave power level of 800 Watt. Further studies need to be carried out in order to improve the performance of microwave puffing process for Malaysia paddy variety MR297

Symptomatic and Subclinical Infection with Rotavirus P[8]G9, Rural Ecuador

Prevalence of this genotype is increasing

Trans-ancestry genome-wide association study identifies 12 genetic loci influencing blood pressure and implicates a role for DNA methylation

We carried out a trans-ancestry genome-wide association and replication study of blood pressure phenotypes among up to 320,251 individuals of East Asian, European and South Asian ancestry. We find genetic variants at 12 new loci to be associated with blood pressure (P = 3.9 × 10-11 to 5.0 × 10-21). The sentinel blood pressure SNPs are enriched for association with DNA methylation at multiple nearby CpG sites, suggesting that, at some of the loci identified, DNA methylation may lie on the regulatory pathway linking sequence variation to blood pressure. The sentinel SNPs at the 12 new loci point to genes involved in vascular smooth muscle (IGFBP3, KCNK3, PDE3A and PRDM6) and renal (ARHGAP24, OSR1, SLC22A7 and TBX2) function. The new and known genetic variants predict increased left ventricular mass, circulating levels of NT-proBNP, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (P = 0.04 to 8.6 × 10-6). Our results provide new evidence for the role of DNA methylation in blood pressure regulation

Prevalence of Frailty in European Emergency Departments (FEED): an international flash mob study

Introduction Current emergency care systems are not optimized to respond to multiple and complex problems associated with frailty. Services may require reconfiguration to effectively deliver comprehensive frailty care, yet its prevalence and variation are poorly understood. This study primarily determined the prevalence of frailty among older people attending emergency care. Methods This cross-sectional study used a flash mob approach to collect observational European emergency care data over a 24-h period (04 July 2023). Sites were identified through the European Task Force for Geriatric Emergency Medicine collaboration and social media. Data were collected for all individuals aged 65 + who attended emergency care, and for all adults aged 18 + at a subset of sites. Variables included demographics, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), vital signs, and disposition. European and national frailty prevalence was determined with proportions with each CFS level and with dichotomized CFS 5 + (mild or more severe frailty). Results Sixty-two sites in fourteen European countries recruited five thousand seven hundred eighty-five individuals. 40% of 3479 older people had at least mild frailty, with countries ranging from 26 to 51%. They had median age 77 (IQR, 13) years and 53% were female. Across 22 sites observing all adult attenders, older people living with frailty comprised 14%. Conclusion 40% of older people using European emergency care had CFS 5 + . Frailty prevalence varied widely among European care systems. These differences likely reflected entrance selection and provide windows of opportunity for system configuration and workforce planning