5,704 research outputs found

    Spanish Communication Academia: Scientific Productivity vs. Social Activity

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    At a time when academic activity in the area of communication is principally assessed by the impact of scientific journals, the scientific media and the scientific productivity of researchers, the question arises as to whether social factors condition scientific activity as much as these objective elements. This investigation analyzes the influence of scientific productivity and social activity in the area of communication. We identify a social network of researchers from a compilation of doctoral theses in communication and calculate the scientific production of 180 of the most active researchers who sit on doctoral committees. Social network analysis is then used to study the relations that are formed on these doctoral thesis committees. The results suggest that social factors, rather than individual scientific productivity, positively influence such a key academic and scientific activity as the award of doctoral degrees. Our conclusions point to a disconnection between scientific productivity and the international scope of researchers and their role in the social network. Nevertheless, the consequences of this situation are tempered by the nonhierarchical structure of relations between communication scientists

    Proteção Portuária Edificação de Capacidades

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    Portugal, como país ribeirinho, composto pelo triângulo estratégico (Portugal continental, Arquipélagos dos Açores e da Madeira), com influências e participações em diversas guerras e teatros de operações, como membro integrante de diversas alianças, e com o aumento de ataques por parte de organizações terroristas, justifica a existência da capacidade de proteção portuária Face à conjuntura Nacional e à restruturação em geral das Forças Armadas em particular, neste caso da Marinha, torna-se inevitável garantir a sustentabilidade das mesmas no futuro. Neste contexto surge a necessidade de realizar um estudo, que contribua para uma edificação ustentável no tempo e eficiente no emprego, de modo a garantir um dos pilares importantes da Economia Portuguesa (Comércio Marítimo) e segurança do Estado. Para materializar essa garantia Portugal comprometeu-se até ao início de 2016, ter um módulo de proteção portuária. Considera-se como problemática de estudo, a relação entre a capacidade existente, segundo o conceito de DOTMLPII e o que a Marinha precisa de adquirir para uma edificação eficiente da proteção portuária. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo essencial, analisar a atual capacidade de proteção portuária da Marinha, de modo a apresentar o que ela possui e o que precisa de desenvolver, de maneira a colmatar as necessidades existentes, aplicando a metodologia de estudo com os critérios estabelecidos por Raymond Quivy e Luc Van Campenhoudt (1996). Neste trabalho será analisado o enquadramento e a importância do mar, a envolvente estratégica, os documentos e organismos que suportam a segurança e autoridade no mar, verificando se existe uma capacidade de proteção portuária e identificando-se as suas lacunas. Foram analisadas as deficiências evidentes, concluindo-se que é indispensável desenvolvimento de certos elementos segundo o conceito de DOTMLPII, pois há algumas lacunas que podem ser colmatadas no que diz respeito à capacidade e juntamente foi identificada uma possível estrutura responsável pelo módulo de proteção portuária.Portugal as a riparian country, made of the strategical triangle (Continental Portugal, Azores and Madeira), with influence and participation on multiple wars and theaters of operations, as an integral member of multiple alliances and with the rise of attacks from terrorist organizations, justifies the existence of a Harbour Protection capabilities In the face of the national conjecture and armed forces restructuring in particular, in this case the Navy, it becomes inevitable to ensure their sustainability in the future. In this context the need to conduct a study that creates a sustainable edification in time and efficient in use, to ensure one of the important pillars of the Portuguese Economy (Maritime Trade) and state security. To materialize this Portugal made a deal were they will have Harbour Protection module until early 2016. It is considered as a study problem, the relationship between the existing capacity, according to the concept of DOTMLPII and what the Navy needs to acquire for efficient building of Harbour Protection. This paper has an essential objective to analyze the current Harbour Protection capability of the Navy, in order to present what it has and what it needs to develop in order to address existing needs, applying the study methodology to the criteria established by Raymond Quivy and Luc Van Campenhoudt (1996). This paper will analyze the framework and the importance of the sea, the strategic environment, documents and structures that support the safety and authority at sea, checking if there is a capability and identifying its gaps. The obvious deficiencies were analyzed, concluding that a development of certain elements according to the concept of DOTMLPII as there are some gaps that can be filled with regard to capacity and was identified along a possible structure responsible for a Harbour Protection module

    Devaluation Beliefs and Debt Crisis: The Argentinian Case

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    Throughout the year 2001 the Argentine real GDP fell by 20 percent and the Investment Rate decreased by more than 20 percent of the GDP. The government made several announcements on changes in exchange rate policy in order to assist the recovery of the economy. At same time, the Trade Balance produced a huge surplus and the Argentine External Debt over GDP ratio increased so much that it forced the Argentinian government to default and, afterwards, devalue the peso 40 percent. We explore the relationship between default and the expectations on devaluation. We find that depending on the level of debt and given an expectation of devaluation two types of crises can arise: if the level of debt is low the government devalues but does not default; for a higher level of debt, the government devalues and defaults to cancel the future cost of repaying the debt. We have calibrated our model to match the main features of the Argentine crisis and we show that the External Debt over GDP ratio was in a crisis zone where the government found it optimal to default and to devalue.Debt crisis, Devaluation, Argentina

    Privacy in cloud computing

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    Tese de mestrado em Segurança Informática, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2010O paradigma cloud computing está progressivamente a integrar-se nas tecnologias de informação e é também visto por muitos como a próxima grande viragem na indústria da computação. A sua integração significa grandes alterações no modo como olhamos para a segurança dos dados de empresas que decidem confiar informação confidencial aos fornecedores de serviços cloud. Esta alteração implica um nível muito elevado de confiança no fornecedor do serviço. Ao mudar para a cloud, uma empresa relega para o fornecedor do serviço controlo sobre os seus dados, porque estes vão executar em hardware que é propriedade do fornecedor e sobre o qual a empresa não tem qualquer controlo. Este facto irá pesar muito na decisão, de mudar para a cloud, de empresas que tratam informação delicada (p.ex., informação médica ou financeira). Neste trabalho propomos demonstrar de que forma um administrador malicioso, com acesso ao hardware do fornecedor, consegue violar a privacidade dos dados que o utilizador da cloud confiou ao prestador desses serviços. Definimos como objectivo uma análise detalhada de estratégias de ataque que poderão ajudar um administrador malicioso a quebrar a privacidade de clientes da cloud, bem como a eficácia demonstrada contra esses mesmos ataques por mecanismos de protecção já propostos para a cloud. Pretendemos que este trabalho seja capaz de alertar a comunidade científica para a gravidade dos problemas de segurança que actualmente existem na cloud e, que ao mesmo tempo, sirva como motivação para uma acção célere desta, de forma a encontrar soluções para esses problemas.The paradigm of cloud computing is progressively integrating itself in the Information Technology industry and it is also seen by many experts as the next big shift in this industry. This integration implies considerable alterations in the security schemes used to ensure that the privacy of confidential information, companies entrust to the cloud provider, is kept. It also means that the level of trust in the cloud provider must be considerably high. When moving to the cloud, a company relinquishes control over its data to the cloud provider. This happens because, when operating in the cloud, the data is going to execute on top of the hardware owned by the cloud provider and, in this scenario, the client has no control over that hardware. Companies that deal with sensitive data (e.g., medical or financial records) have to weigh the importance of this problem when considering moving their data to the cloud. In this work, we provide a demonstration of how a malicious administrator, with access to the hardware of the cloud provider, is capable of violating the privacy of the data entrusted to the cloud provider by his clients. Our objective is to offer a detailed analysis of attack strategies that can be used by a malicious administrator to break the privacy of cloud clients, as well as the level of efficacy demonstrated by some protection mechanism that have already been proposed for the cloud. We also hope that this work is capable of capturing the attention of the research community to the security problems existent in the cloud and, that at the same time, it works as a motivation factor for a prompt action in order to find solutions for these problems

    Incidência e severidade de lesões em jogadores de futsal

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    Introduction: Futsal, is a five-a-side team sport, which has experienced a significant global growth, as well as in Portugal. Portugal currently has about 57000 federated futsal players. Due to the increase in the competitiveness in futsal and the increasing number of players, injury burden sustained by these players has become more relevant. However, there has been little research on the typology of injuries in elite futsal in Portugal. Aim: To describe and characterize injuries sustained by elite Portuguese futsal players. Methodology: This is a prospective and descriptive epidemiological study of injuries sustained by elite players in the 2019-2020 season of the Portuguese futsal league (Liga Placard), before COVID-19 confinement. A total of 167 players from 9 elite male futsal teams from the Portuguese championship were monitored during the season. The international consensus guidelines for injury surveillance in football was used as part of the study for data collection, procedures, and terminology. Results: A total of 136 injuries were recorded. The overall injury incidence was 4,57 injuries per 1000h of total exposure (training and match). Moderate injuries were the most frequent. Injuries often involved the lower extremity (83,8%) followed by the head and trunk (8,8%) and the upper limb (7,4%). The groin (18,4%), thigh (16,9%), knee (18,4%) and ankle (15,4%) were the most affected body locations. Wingers were the players that registered the most injuries with a total of 43 injuries (46,7%) followed by lastmen with 15 injuries (16,3%) and keepers with 14 injuries (15,2%). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the injury rate in futsal is high, and athletes are more prone to be injured by non-contact trauma and during training sessions. Injury rate during games was higher than during training sessions. In this study, wingers were the players with a highest injury rate. The most affected body locations were groin, thigh, knee and ankle. Additionally, sprains and muscle injuries are the most common type of injuries amongst Portuguese elite futsal players.Introdução: O futsal é uma modalidade coletiva com cinco jogadores, que teve um crescimento significativo a nível mundial, assim como em Portugal. Portugal conta atualmente com cerca de 57000 praticantes federados de futsal. Com o aumento da competitividade do futsal e o crescente número de jogadores, o impacto das lesões nestes atletas tornou-se mais relevante. No entanto, existe pouca investigação sobre a tipologia das lesões no futsal de elite em Portugal. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a epidemiologia das lesões sofridas em jogadores de futsal de elite na temporada 2019-2020. Metodologia: Este é um estudo epidemiológico descritivo e prospectivo de lesões sofridas por jogadores de elite na temporada 2019-2020 da liga de futsal de Portugal (Liga Placard) antes do confinamento por COVID-19. Ao longo da temporada foram acompanhados 167 jogadores de futsal masculino, pertencentes a 9 equipas de elite do campeonato português. As diretrizes do consenso internacional para vigilância de lesões no futebol foram usadas como parte do estudo para recolha de dados, procedimentos e terminologia. Resultados: Foram registadas um total de 136 lesões durante a época 2019-2020. A incidência geral de lesões foi de 4,57 lesões por 1000h de exposição total (treino e jogo). As lesões com severidade moderada foram as mais frequentes. As lesões mais observadas foram as que envolviam os membros inferiores (83,8%), seguido da cabeça e tronco (8,8%) e dos membros superiores (7,4%). A região inguinal (18,4%), a coxa (16,9%), o joelho (18,4%) e a tibio-társica (15,4%) foram as localizações corporais mais acometidas. Os alas foram os jogadores que mais sofreram lesões com um total de 43 lesões (46,7%), seguidos dos fixos com 15 lesões (16,3%) e dos guarda-redes com 14 lesões (15,2%). Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que o índice de lesões no futsal é elevado e as lesões ocorrem principalmente por traumas sem contato direto e durante as sessões de treino. A taxa de lesões verificada durante os jogos foi superior a taxa de lesões que ocorre durante as sessões de treino. Neste estudo em particular, os alas foram os jogadores com maior índice de lesões. As localizações corporais mais afetadas foram virilha, coxa, joelho e tibiotársica. Os entorses da tibiotársica e as lesões musculares são o tipo de lesão mais comuns entre os jogadores de futsal de elite portugueses.Mestrado em Fisioterapi

    A Preliminary Catalogue of Incunabula in Japanese Libraries

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    This paper describes the history of cephalopod fisheries in Chile over the past 40 years. Continuous monitoring of three species was undertaken between 1978 and 1999: Loligo gahi, Dosidicus gigas and Octopus mimus. Total cephalopod catches increased from 69 tonnes in 1978 (0.13% total mollusc catch) to 3503 tonnes in 1996 (3.64%). A maximum haul of 15,169 tonnes was taken in 1992 (11.27% total mollusc catch). Small-scale fisheries accounted for the majority of cephalopod captures and industrial catches were rare. L. gahi is caught year-round mainly in the south of Chile, with maximum catches in summer and autumn. Catches of D. gigas are also year-round, mainly concentrated in central Chile. O. mimus has been fished since 1978, although recorded as Octopus vulgaris until the 1990s. The O. mimus fishery is located on the north coast of Chile, and catches are made for the most of the year. Octopus has been landed in the south of Chile since 1991, and is considered as O. mimus in capture
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