Coral bleaching due to increased sea surface temperature in Gulf of Kachchh Region, India, during June 2016

327-332The 2015-2016 E1 Niño Southern Oscillation event was one of the extreme climate events which elevated the sea surface temperature (SST) of tropical oceans, which in turn increased the level of thermal stress on corals. Coral bleaching event is mainly caused due to high positive SST anomaly, i.e., when SST exceeds its normal summer maxima. Corals in the Gulf of Kachchh region of Gujarat earlier experienced coral bleaching events during 1988, 2010 and 2014. For this study, SST was derived from NOAA OISST data set which is available daily at 0.25° global grids from 1982 to present. The climatologically warmest month for the Gulf of Kachchh region is June when the maximum monthly mean temperature is 29.31°C, as observed from NOAA OISST. The present study focuses on monitoring daily SST anomalies during summer 2016 for the Gulf of Kachchh reefs and field observations on early responses of coral bleaching from Laku Point reef, a site known for high coral diversity. It was found that in summer 2016, SST rose to 30.62 °C and recorded a maximum positive anomaly of 1.31°C in the month of June. A total of 72 days out of 122-day monitoring period showed positive SST anomaly, including 28 days of continuous positive thermal stress in June 2016.To validate coral bleaching forecast at the end of the regional warmest quarter, a field visit was carried out at Laku Point reef near Poshitra village in the southern coast of the Gulf of Kachchh. A total of 13 coral species and a sea anemone were found bleached in various proportions during the field sampling after two months of prolonged thermal stress. The field data showed an average of 3.9% bleaching of corals at colony scale. The maximum proportion of colony scale bleaching was observed in Porites lutea species

Performance of pearl millet genotypes under irrigated and rainfed conditions at Hisar, India

A field experiment was carried out at Research Farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India to evaluate the performance of pearl millet genotypes (HHB 67 ‘Improved’, HHB 197, HHB 223 and HHB 234) under different environment (rainfed and irrigated). Results showed that irrigated condition recorded significantly (p < 0.05) higher plant height, dry matter accumulation, root dry weight, ear head girth, test weight and yield of pearl millet than rainfed condition. Root length was significantly (p < 0.05) higher under rainfedthan irrigated condition. Genotypes were found significant (p < 0.05) with respect to plant height at harvest and HHB 234 recorded higher plant height. Genotype HHB 223 recorded higher earhead girth (2.6 cm) and test weight (11.16 g) compared to other genotypes. Interaction effect was also found significant (p < 0.05) with respect to plant height, dry matter accumulation, root length and weight and yield. These were higher in genotype HHB 223 and HHB 234 under irrigated and rainfed condition respectively but at 20 days after sowing, longest root was observed in genotype HHB 67 ‘Improved’ under rainfed condition and genotype HHB 197 under irrigated condition. To examine the performance of pearl millet genotypes in terms of survivality and yield potential, evaluation trials are necessary under different environment. Therefore, release of those varieties under different situations are essential for the sustainability of the fragile arid and semi arid regions of country

Track D Social Science, Human Rights and Political Science

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138414/1/jia218442.pd

Search for gravitational-wave transients associated with magnetar bursts in advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo data from the third observing run

Gravitational waves are expected to be produced from neutron star oscillations associated with magnetar giant f lares and short bursts. We present the results of a search for short-duration (milliseconds to seconds) and longduration (∼100 s) transient gravitational waves from 13 magnetar short bursts observed during Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA’s third observation run. These 13 bursts come from two magnetars, SGR1935 +2154 and SwiftJ1818.0−1607. We also include three other electromagnetic burst events detected by FermiGBM which were identified as likely coming from one or more magnetars, but they have no association with a known magnetar. No magnetar giant flares were detected during the analysis period. We find no evidence of gravitational waves associated with any of these 16 bursts. We place upper limits on the rms of the integrated incident gravitational-wave strain that reach 3.6 × 10−²³ Hz at 100 Hz for the short-duration search and 1.1 ×10−²² Hz at 450 Hz for the long-duration search. For a ringdown signal at 1590 Hz targeted by the short-duration search the limit is set to 2.3 × 10−²² Hz. Using the estimated distance to each magnetar, we derive upper limits upper limits on the emitted gravitational-wave energy of 1.5 × 1044 erg (1.0 × 1044 erg) for SGR 1935+2154 and 9.4 × 10^43 erg (1.3 × 1044 erg) for Swift J1818.0−1607, for the short-duration (long-duration) search. Assuming isotropic emission of electromagnetic radiation of the burst fluences, we constrain the ratio of gravitational-wave energy to electromagnetic energy for bursts from SGR 1935+2154 with the available fluence information. The lowest of these ratios is 4.5 × 103

<span style="font-size:17.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold" lang="EN-US">Effect of Different Growth Regulators on Vegetative Propagtion <span style="font-size:17.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold" lang="EN-US">of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> </span></span>

21-24Ginkgo biloba <span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-US">L. is the oldest living tree in the world, dates back to the Permian period, (200 million years ago) and is considered as a "living fossil". <span style="font-size:12.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-US">G. biloba L.(syn. <span style="font-size:12.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-US">Salisburia  adiantifolia Sm.) belongs to the family Ginkgoaceae and is the only existing representative of the entire Ginkgophyta Division. <span style="font-size: 12.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-US">G. biloba is an important medicinal plant. In India, since it is very rarely available and in a threatened state there is an urgent need for its extension. For its vegetative propagation at IHBT, Palampur some growth regulators viz., catechin and gallic acid (2 .5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/L) were deployed. The effect of these compounds was evaluated in terms of rate of sprouting and rooting of semi-hard wood cuttings of mature <span style="font-size:12.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-US">G. biloba trees. These stem cuttings were dipped in different concentrations for 4 hours and planted in polyhouse, poly tunnel and in open field . The overall leaf sprouting percentage was 94 to 100% at different concentrations. Treated stem cuttings were uprooted after 6 months of planting. The rooting percentage, length and number of roots were measured. At 5 mg/L of catechin, rooting rate was 53.3% with average root length of 11.2 cm. At 10 mg/L of gallic acid, the rate of rooting was 56.7%, however, average root length was 8.7 cm. Roots in sprouted stem cutting varied from 3 to 5. About 28 to 41 % <span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-US">stem cuttings showed just callus formation and root initiation. It means that the stem cuttings require more time for rooting. In literature, it has also been reported that the stem cuttings of G. bilaba <span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-US">take almost 2 years for rooting. In polyhouses with controlled conditions the stem cuttings produced better results. </span

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Not AvailableCastor (Ricinus communis L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) are the two important oilseed crops grown in India. Of the various soil borne diseases, the wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ricini in castor and the collar rot caused by Aspergillus niger in groundnut are the major diseases. In the present study, effect of individual and combined application of seed coat polymers (synthetic polymer & chitosan), fungicides viz., carbendazim, vitavax+thiram (which were taken from poisoned food technique results) and two Trichoderma species viz., Trichoderma asperellum TaDOR 7316 and Trichoderma harzianum Th4d were used for seed coating and determined the effective combination to promote plant growth and control those soil borne diseases of castor and groundnut under in vitro conditions. In case of castor the treatment T13 (Chitosan + Carbendazim + T. harzianum Th4d) significantly increased the seedling growth and vigour in both uninoculated and pathogen inoculated condition than controls. In groundnut the treatment T12 (Chitosan + T. asperellum TaDOR 7316) exquisite in the seedling growth under uninoculated condition whereas under pathogen inoculation the treatment T13 (Chitosan + vitavax +thiram + T. asperellum TaDOR 7316) was the most effective.Not Availabl

A clinico radiological study of penetrating trauma abdomen with special reference to fire arm injury abdomen

Introduction: Abdominal trauma (blunt or penetrating) constitute 5- 10% of total case of poly trauma admitted in a large hospital. Its mortality and morbidity is next to head injury .In urban countries penetrating wounds are one of the most common surgical emergency. The causes of wound may be due to knife, bullets, instruments and explosion fragments. Materials and Methods: The present study was done in all patients of 'penetrating trauma abdomen" admitted to the Nehru hospital, B.R.D. Medical College, Gorakhpur from May 2009 to June2010.This study includes only patients having peritoneal breach. Medico legal charting and necessary resuscitative measure done according to need for serious patients. Some necessary investigations were done in all patients these are routine blood and urine examination, blood sugar, serum urea, serum creatinine and serum electrolyte, plain x-ray chest PA view x-ray abdomen A Perfect position, peritoneal taping, USG abdomen if needed. Results: In our study most common visceral injury due to penetrating trauma abdomen was small bowel (69.3%), colon (09.9%), mesenteric tear (09.9%), stomach (06.6%), vascular injury (03.3%) and liver injury in (03.3%). The hospital stay from the time of admission to the discharge of the patients. Majority of patients (62.7 %) had total hospital stay of 07-13 days. The mortality of patients of penetrating trauma abdomen manage operatively. Mortality rate is 00.00%. Conclusion: The incidence of penetrating abdominal injury was 30 cases of total cases admitted in surgical ward. The maximum patients were as a victim of penetrating abdominal injury of in between 21 to 30 years of age in which males are affected more commonly (29). Male predominated to the females. Male and female ratio was 3:1. Gunshot injury counted for maximum number of case (14) {46.66%} and knife was observed to be used most commonly

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Not AvailableThe field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2011-12 and 2012-13 C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur with the objectives to find out the combined effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on grain yield, productivity and profitability of wheat crop. The 10 treatments were tested in Randomized Block Design with three replication. T1- Control, T2 - RDF (150:60:40 NPK Kg/ha), T3 - 125% RDF, T4 - RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha, T5 - RDF + Vermicompost @ 5 t/ha, T6 - RDF + FYM @ 5t/ ha, T7 - RDF + FYM @ 10 t/ha, T8 - RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha + Azotobacter, T9 - RDF + FYM @ 5t/ha + Azotobacter, and T10 - RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha + FYM @ 5 t/ha + Azotobacter. Result showed that the treatment T10 produced higher yield attributes and grain yield than rest of the treatment. The higher yield led to higher NPK uptake by wheat. Further, the available NPK and Organic Carbon (%) content of soil also increased in above integration of organic and inorganic fertilizer along with bio-fertilizer strain over control as well as chemical fertilizers alone. The highest net return (INR/ha 53882) and benefit : cost (1.23) was also obtained from the application of RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha + FYM @ 5 t/ha + Azotobacter and lowest from control (21873) and (0.74), respectively.Not Availabl