Aproximación enfermera a los cuidados no profesionales a través de las vivencias de una cuidadora

Introducción: El envejecimiento progresivo de la población española, y la creciente disminución de los recursos institucionales para el cuidado de las personas dependientes, implica que cada día sea mayor la necesidad de disponer de cuidadoras no profesionales. En la mayoría de los casos la calidad de vida de las personas dependientes depende de los cuidados no profesionales prestados por mujeres y familiares en general de la persona dependiente. Cuidados y cuidadores son a menudo invisibilizados y/o poco reconocidos desde el punto de vista social, institucional y legislativo. Es función de enfermería conocer esta problemática, identificar a las cuidadoras no profesionales y las necesidades derivadas de su rol, y dispensarles la ayuda, conocimiento y apoyo necesario para realizar esta tarea en las mejores condiciones posibles. Objetivos: Definir los conceptos relacionados con "el cuidar" dentro del sector popular de la salud para poder comprender las vivencias y la problemática de las personas que ejercen de cuidadoras dentro de este sector. Analizar e interpretar el discurso de una cuidadora informal relacionándolo con las categorías diagnósticas propuestas por la NANDA para poder descubrir los problemas relacionados con el cuidado donde sería posible la intervención enfermera al cuidador. Material y métodos: Revisión bibliográfica sistemática con inclusión de textos legislativos relevantes para este trabajo. Entrevista semiestructurada a una cuidadora no profesional. Análisis del discurso. Codificación abierta e inductiva de la información con establecimiento de dominios y categorías de análisis, tomando como modelo la “Teoría Fundamentada” de Glaser y Strauss. Resultados: dominios y categorías diagnósticas NANDA en base al discurso de una cuidadora. Conclusiones: Dada la importancia los cuidados no profesionales es fundamental que los programas de atención sanitaria de nuestra cultura y nuestra sociedad, creen las bases para garantizar el bienestar biopsicosocial de la cuidadora no profesional. Por otra parte, las cuidadoras no profesionales sufren numerosos problemas de salud en los que el profesional de enfermería puede actuar, especialmente detectando y previniendo los factores de riesgo para el cuidador

Angular dependence of magnetic properties in Ni nanowire arrays

The angular dependence of the remanence and coercivity of Ni nanowire arrays produced inside the pores of anodic alumina membranes has been studied. By comparing our analytical calculations with our measurements, we conclude that the magnetization reversal in this array is driven by means of the nucleation and propagation of a transverse wall. A simple model based on an adapted Stoner-Wohlfarth model is used to explain the angular dependence of the coercivity

Graphical representation of covariant-contravariant modal formulae

Covariant-contravariant simulation is a combination of standard (covariant) simulation, its contravariant counterpart and bisimulation. We have previously studied its logical characterization by means of the covariant-contravariant modal logic. Moreover, we have investigated the relationships between this model and that of modal transition systems, where two kinds of transitions (the so-called may and must transitions) were combined in order to obtain a simple framework to express a notion of refinement over state-transition models. In a classic paper, Boudol and Larsen established a precise connection between the graphical approach, by means of modal transition systems, and the logical approach, based on Hennessy-Milner logic without negation, to system specification. They obtained a (graphical) representation theorem proving that a formula can be represented by a term if, and only if, it is consistent and prime. We show in this paper that the formulae from the covariant-contravariant modal logic that admit a "graphical" representation by means of processes, modulo the covariant-contravariant simulation preorder, are also the consistent and prime ones. In order to obtain the desired graphical representation result, we first restrict ourselves to the case of covariant-contravariant systems without bivariant actions. Bivariant actions can be incorporated later by means of an encoding that splits each bivariant action into its covariant and its contravariant parts.Comment: In Proceedings EXPRESS 2011, arXiv:1108.407

Revised and extended level scheme of the doubly-odd nucleus 188Ir^{188}Ir

High-spin states in the doubly odd Z=77 nucleus 188Ir were studied using the reaction 186W(7Li, 5n) at 59 MeV and the GASP spectrometer for γ-ray detection. The level structures recently suggested to be built on the known 4.1(3) ms isomeric state of this nucleus have been considerably revised and extended and an isomer with a lifetime of 17.7(2) ns has been identified within the main decay sequence. In addition two rotational bands built on low spin states below the ms isomer have been observed for the first time. The basic features of the excitation scheme of 188Ir are discussed within the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory within the Lipkin-Nogami approach with the finite-range density-dependent Gogn

Reaction mechanisms in the 6Li+59Co system

The reactions induced by the weakly bound 6Li projectile interacting with the intermediate mass target 59Co were investigated. Light charged particles singles and $\alpha$-$d$ coincidence measurements were performed at the near barrier energies E_lab = 17.4, 21.5, 25.5 and 29.6 MeV. The main contributions of the different competing mechanisms are discussed. A statistical model analysis, Continuum-Discretized Coupled-Channels calculations and two-body kinematics were used as tools to provide information to disentangle the main components of these mechanisms. A significant contribution of the direct breakup was observed through the difference between the experimental sequential breakup cross section and the CDCC prediction for the non-capture breakup cross section.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figure

Effect of Maraviroc Intensification on HIV-1-Specific T Cell Immunity in Recently HIV-1-Infected Individuals

Background The effect of maraviroc on the maintenance and the function of HIV-1-specific T cell responses remains unknown. Methods Subjects recently infected with HIV-1 were randomized to receive anti-retroviral treatment with or without maraviroc intensification for 48 weeks, and were monitored up to week 60. PBMC and in vitro-expanded T cells were tested for responses to the entire HIV proteome by ELISpot analyses. Intracellular cytokine staining assays were conducted to monitor the (poly)-functionality of HIV-1-specific T cells. Analyses were performed at baseline and week 24 after treatment start, and at week 60 (3 months after maraviroc discontinuation). Results Maraviroc intensification was associated with a slower decay of virus-specific T cell responses over time compared to the non-intensified regimen in both direct ex-vivo as well as in in-vitro expanded cells. The effector function profiles of virus-specific CD8+ T cells were indistinguishable between the two arms and did not change over time between the groups. Conclusions Maraviroc did not negatively impact any of the measured parameters, but was rather associated with a prolonged maintenance of HIV-1-specific T cell responses. Maraviroc, in addition to its original effect as viral entry inhibitor, may provide an additional benefit on the maintenance of virus-specific T cells which may be especially important for future viral eradication strategies