New Advances in the Dairy Industry

This book discusses advances in the dairy industry in various parts of the world. It is divided into four sections on “Dairy Technology”, “Reproductive Biotechnology”, “Entrepreneurship Development”, and “Sustainable Development”. Chapters address such topics as regional dairy breeds, farming innovations, mineral nutrition, folliculogenesis, fertility in dairy cows, milk hygiene, and much more

Effects of probiotic on the intestinal morphology with special reference to the growth of broilers.

The probiotic (Protexin)® increases the growth rate in broilers. It must interfere with the intestinal cell morphology and absorption. The intestinal epithelium is one of the most rapidly renewed tissues in the body and is renewed by a process of continuous cell division. This study was carried out with an aim to establish a link between the use of probiotic doses, growth rate, and intestinal cell proliferation by measuring the length and weight of the intestine and intestinal crypt cell proliferation (CCP) of broiler chicks. The results revealed significant increase in intestinal CCP but no effect was observed on the intestinal weight and length. The increase in CCP has also no significant influence towards growth factor. The increased weight gain in this study is associated with more feed consumption which is observed with Protexin® dose 1.0 g / 10 kg of feed. Furthermore, feed consumption reduced beyond this dose may lead to reduced weight gain

Reproductive Physiology of Domestic Animals

This textbook has been written to meet the requirements of the graduates and postgraduate students of the local universities. The available literature on the subject of reproductive physiology in domestic animals has been reviewed. Mental caliber of the local students was observed during the last two years and the materials of this monograph are made understandable for the students. The available literature in animal reproduction has been written by foreign authors, mostly covering the subject very extensively, making it difficult for the beginners. In addition no single available book can cover the whole syllabus, especially of Reproductive Physiology in DVM degree program. As the graduate students have to cover many subjects during a semester, they can not run after many books to understand a phenomenon. So availability of a comprehensive and current manuscript was considered essential for meeting requirements of the students of animal reproduction. Systemic coverage of various topics has been made, starting from definitions and basic explanations of the topic. Explanation of various biological mechanisms and processes has been made in a simple but comprehensive style using the information that are agreed by most authors and which are in use in the scientific community of the region. Graphic illustrations and tabulation are presented for explaining various biological phenomena, laboratory protocols and therapeutic intervention strategies. Field application of the science has been reported along with all the relevant sections. Cost-effectiveness, compatibility with the international standards and adoption of various reproductive technologies relevant to the subject materials, are explained. Personal experience of the author in semen processing, factors affecting and managing reproduction under field conditions, and hormonal profiles during various reproductive states have been accommodated in the contents of this monograph

Proceeding: Fourth International Conference and Industrial Exhibition on Dairy Science Park 2017 - Konya, Turkey

The 4th International Conference and Industrial Exhibition on Dairy Science Park was held on November 1st to 5th, 2017 at Selçuk University- Konya, Turkey. The Conference was organized jointly by the Mayor Konya Municipality, Konya Turkey, Selcuk University Konya, Konya Teknokent, Dairy Science Park Society Peshawar, Women University Mardan, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Balochistan University Quetta and Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Prof M Subhan organised the Conference as Chief Patron DSP and Dr Mithat Direk assisted as Turkish counterpart. The fourth event of the series was held with the theme “Achieving Food Security through Entrepreneurship Development and Biorisk Management (BRM)”. The inaugural session was followed by the first technical session covering Livestock Production with eight oral presentations. Papers were presented on the use of biotechnology for food security, red meat production in Mongolia, thermal and nutritional stress, neonatal development, semen quality, milk production and meat technology. On the second day Hall A covered a session on One Health. Papers were presented on One Health achievements and future vision of DSP, antibacterial properties of Bacillus, Dairy Sector in Yemen, hypoglycemic effects of Quinolone, dietary interaction and use of plant extracts. Food Security and Ethics was run in Hall B, covering Food Security and Ethics. After coffee break papers were presented on workers safety applications, meat quality, milk production systems and dairy cattle in milk. Hall B covered session Animal Health and Technology and Hall C covered a session on Biorisk Management, covering lab biorisk management, government academia linkages, bovine brucellosis, drinking water quality and antibiotic bacterial resistance. On the third day of the conference a session was held on Entrepreneurship Development, meat technology, mercury – lactation relationship, millet, gamma irradiation of rice and Peshawar Meat

Brucellosis: A Threat to Human Population of District Rawalpindi

Objective: This study was conducted to detect cases of brucellosis among shepherds and to identify risk factors associated with human brucellosis. Study Design: Case control study Methodology:  A descriptive study followed by case control study was conducted during the month of August, 2016 at Village Hassar tehsil Taxilla, district Rawalpindi. A case was defined as “intermittent fever, profuse night sweats, headache and positive brucella antibodies on ELISA in a resident of Hassar from August 21-25, 2016. Epidemiological information was recorded on structured questionnaire. Cases and controls were matched by age and sex (1:4). Blood samples were collected from sheep/goat handlers (n=30) and small ruminants (n=144). Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and indirect Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) was used for testing of  serum samples. Frequencies were calculated, odd ratios were determined at 95% confidence interval with p value less than 0.05. Results: A total of six cases of brucellosis were identified. Among cases 42% were having direct  contact with small ruminants and 60% were raw milk consumers. Animal handler (OR =12 CL=1.19-123.6: p<.026) were likely to have brucellosis as compared to those who were not directly involved in animal handling. Persons consuming raw milk are more likely to have brucellosis (OR=11: Cl= 1.3-95: p<0.04) as compared to those consuming pasteurized milk. Among small ruminants tested, 52%  were found positive for brucellosis. Conclusion: Animal handlers/shepherds of district Rawalpindi were infected with brucellosis. Animal handler and raw milk consumer were more likely to get brucella infection. Infected small ruminant are potential source of infection for human. Presence of brucella infection in animal handlers/shepherd of Rawalpindi is suggestive of brucella infection all across the country. &nbsp

Dairy Sience Park connecting Rumi, Iqbal, Tolerance and SDGs

This paper presented at the Fourth International Conference and Industrial Exhibitoion on Dairy Science Park IV, Nov 1-5, 2017, Konya, Turkey, has reviewed the philosophy of Mevlana Jalal ud Din Rumi regarding love, tolerance, respect and spiritualism; appreciating each others and knowing the value of each other. Rumi (1230) told Iqbal (1930) that, “Downfall is fate of those who fail to safeguard their identity”. Iqbal urged for Quranic interpretation, respecting ego, restraint and tolerance and looking at the East for the rising sun as sign of Hope. The year 2000 saw the War on Terror associated with competition, fanaticism, indifference and materialism. The United Nations defined Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to protect the future generations. The “Fourth International Conference and Industrial Exhibition on Dairy Science Park” was held at Selcuk University Konya, the city of Mevlana Rumi, to connect the glorious Past with the Future of the Islamic Era, through SDGAction9671 changed to SDGAction40154

A Miniaturized Arc Shaped Near Isotropic Self-Complementary Antenna for Spectrum Sensing Applications

This paper presents the design of an arc-shaped near-isotropic self-complementary antenna for spectrum sensing application. An arc-shaped dipole with horizontal and vertical arms is used to achieve a near isotropic radiation pattern. The radiation pattern improved by adjusting the horizontal and vertical arm lengths. Simulated and experimental results show that the proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 146% (2.4–18.4 GHz) for VSWR ≤ 2 with a good radiation pattern. In order to quantify the antenna performance, antenna gain variation, bandwidth, efficiency, and size have been compared with previously reported designs. It is shown that the proposed arc-shaped antenna can achieve nearly isotropic radiation patterns with a maximum radiation efficiency of 92%. The isotropic performance of the antenna has been characterized by observing the radiation pattern and solid angle. The FR4 substrate is used as a dielectric with relative permittivity 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.02. (εr = 4.4, h = 1.6 mm) The simulated and measured results are in good comparison, and the proposed design is a suitable candidate for spectrum sensing