Development of motor abilities and skills of preschool children

Tema ovoga preglednog rada je razvoj motoričkih sposobnosti i vještina djece i drugih segmenata razvoja djeteta te utjecaja tjelesne aktivnosti na razvoj. Naglasak je na razvoju motoričkih sposobnosti i vještina u predškolskoj dobi koja su interesno područje odgojiteljske struke. Cilj ovoga rada je utvrditi važnost poticanja razvoja motoričkih sposobnosti i vještina te provedbe tjelesne aktivnosti kao prediktora razvoja u kasnijoj dobi. Većina dosadašnjih istraživanja je pokazala da provođenje i bavljenje tjelesnim aktivnostima pozitivno utječe, odnosno poboljšava razvoj motoričkih sposobnosti za koje je bitno da se razvijaju u najranijoj dobi.This paper is about development of motor abilities and skills of preschool children, other segments of development and the influence of physical activity on development. The emphasis is on the development of motor abilities and skills of preschool children, because that is the period that educators deal with. The aim of this paper is to determine the importance of encouraging development of motor abilities and skills and physical activities as a predictor of development in later age. Most of the current researches have shown that physical activities have a positive impact on or improve the development of motor skills that are essential to develop at the earliest age

Croatian Microscopy Society 1983-2022

This paper provides a brief overview of the history of the Croatian Microscopy Society on the occasion of its 30th anniversary as an independent society and the 40th anniversary of its foundation. The overview chronologically details the period of the Society\u27s work as the Section for Electron Microscopy of the Croatian Natural Science Society (1983-1992), followed by its independent activity first as the Croatian Society for Electron Microscopy (1992-2006) and finally as the Croatian Microscopy Society (2006-present). The review concludes with recent trends and policies in the Society\u27s development. The review is an extended excerpt from the opening speech held by the Chair of the 4th Croatian Microscopy Congress and a member of the Society’s board, on the occasion of the Society\u27s anniversary, May 18th 2022

Celebrating 40 years of the Croatian Microscopy Society

We are delighted to present a special issue of Periodicum biologorum,dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Croatian Microscopy Societyas an independent Society and the 40th anniversary of its foundation

Non-Native Invasive Species as Ecosystem Service Providers

Non-native or alien species present a range of threats to native ecosystems and human well-being. Many such species have selective advantages over native species, such as faster growth and reproduction rates, higher ecological tolerance, or more effective dispersal mechanisms. However, these species are often inadvertently demonised without sufficient awareness of the ecological principles—disturbance, niche and competition—that contribute to species dominance in an ecosystem. Non-native species can provide services useful to humans, particularly in facilitating many contemporary needs of modern civilisation. In the present paper, the available records on the influence of non-native invasive species and the relationship between services lost and new services acquired due to their presence will be discussed

Sadržaj fenola i antioksidacijski kapacitet u infuzijama listova istarskih sorata maslina

The influence of commonly used steeping times and leaf size on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of olive leaf infusions from three Istrian olive cultivars (Buža, Rosinjola and Istarska Bjelica) were studied. Infusions were prepared from whole, rough or finely ground olive leaves immersed in boiled water for 5, 15, or 30 minutes. Extraction efficiency was quantified in terms of the total phenolic, flavonoid, non-flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity. The phenolic content was primarily affected by infusion time, followed by particle size. The highest total values of phenolic and non-flavonoids were determined in finely ground leaf infusions from cultivars Rosinjola and Buža, while the highest total flavonoids value was detected in Istarska Bjelica after 30 minutes infusion. Particle size provided the highest effect on antioxidant capacity in all cultivars, exhibiting higher values in finely ground leaf infusions. The Rosinjola and I. Bjelica infusions exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity according to ABTS and FRAP assay, respectively. Antioxidant capacity in investigated olive infusions was correlated to TP and TNF, while TF had poor or no effect except in Rosinjola infusions. The results indicate that olive leaves infusion from three Istrian olive cultivars could be a valuable supplement to a daily intake of bioactive compounds.Proučavani su utjecaji metoda pripreme infuzija i veličine listova na fenolni sadržaj i antioksidacijske sposobnosti infuzija listova tri istarske sorte maslina (Buža, Rosinjola i Istarska bjelica). Infuzije su pripremljene iz cjelovitih, grubo i fino mljevenih listova maslina ekstrahiranih u prokuhanoj vodi 5, 15 ili 30 minuta. Učinkovitost je ekstrakcije kvantificirana sadržajem fenola, flavonoida, neflavonoida i antioksidacijskoga kapaciteta. Fenolni sadržaj prvenstveno je utjecao na infuzijsko vrijeme, nakon čega slijedi veličina čestica listova. Najveće vrijednosti ukupnih fenola i neflavonoida izmjerene su u infuzijama fino mljevenih listova sorti Rosinjola i Buža, dok je najveća vrijednost ukupnih flavonoida izmjerena u infuziji listova Istarske bjelice, nakon 30 minuta ekstrakcije. Veličina čestica imala je najveći učinak na antioksidacijski kapacitet u svim sortama, pokazujući veće vrijednosti u infuzijama fino usitnjenih listova. Najveće vrijednosti antioksidacijskoga kapaciteta zabilježene su u infuzijama listov a Rosinjole mjerene ABTS metodom, a I. bjelice FRAP metodom. Antioksidacijski kapacitet u ispitivanim infuzijama listova maslina korelira sa sadržajem ukupnih fenola i neflavonoida, dok ukupni flavonoidi imaju slab učinak (osim u infuzijama Rosinjole). Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na to da infuzije listova istarskih sorata maslina mogu biti vrijedan dodatak dnevnome unosu bioaktivnih spojeva

Development of motor abilities and skills of preschool children

Tema ovoga preglednog rada je razvoj motoričkih sposobnosti i vještina djece i drugih segmenata razvoja djeteta te utjecaja tjelesne aktivnosti na razvoj. Naglasak je na razvoju motoričkih sposobnosti i vještina u predškolskoj dobi koja su interesno područje odgojiteljske struke. Cilj ovoga rada je utvrditi važnost poticanja razvoja motoričkih sposobnosti i vještina te provedbe tjelesne aktivnosti kao prediktora razvoja u kasnijoj dobi. Većina dosadašnjih istraživanja je pokazala da provođenje i bavljenje tjelesnim aktivnostima pozitivno utječe, odnosno poboljšava razvoj motoričkih sposobnosti za koje je bitno da se razvijaju u najranijoj dobi.This paper is about development of motor abilities and skills of preschool children, other segments of development and the influence of physical activity on development. The emphasis is on the development of motor abilities and skills of preschool children, because that is the period that educators deal with. The aim of this paper is to determine the importance of encouraging development of motor abilities and skills and physical activities as a predictor of development in later age. Most of the current researches have shown that physical activities have a positive impact on or improve the development of motor skills that are essential to develop at the earliest age

Autochthonous Croatian grapevine cultivar 'Jarbola' – molecular, morphological and oenological characterization

Research Note

Antioxidants, radical-scavenging and protein carbonylation inhibition capacity of six monocultivar virgin olive oils in Istria (Croatia)

Six monocultivar virgin olive oils (VOOs) produced from five autochthonous (Buža, Buža Puntoža, Istarska Bjelica, Porečka Rosulja, and Rosinjola) and one referent cultivar (Leccino), were investigated. The mass fractions of orthodiphenols (ORT) and tocopherols (TOC) were analysed by VIS spectroscopy and HPLC. The radical-scavenging capacity was evaluated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) using galvinoxyl free radical and the DPPH test. Results revealed a high level of total TOC in VOOs of Buža Puntoža (243 mg kg−1) and Porečka Rosulja (325 mg kg−1). VOOs contained in 100 g from 79% (Istarska Bjelica) to 261% (Porečka Rosulja) of recommended daily allowance of α-tocopherol. The mass fraction of ORT in Istarska Bjelica and Rosinjola was >250 mg kg−1 (on average 30–40% higher in comparison to other studied cultivars). Istarska Bjelica and Porečka Rosulja showed the highest antioxidant capacity in both methods of measurement. The highest capacity to inhibit protein carbonylation (PC) in response to oxidative stress (54–56%) was displayed by Buža Puntoža, Leccino, and Buža. High level of positive linear correlation between ORT mass fraction and radical-scavenging capacity measured by DPPH test (r=0.768), as well as strong negative correlation between PC inhibition and mass fraction of ORT (r= −0.697), were observed

Symptoms and management of grapevine trunk diseases

Bolesti drva vinove loze su trenutno najkompleksnije gljivične bolesti vinove loze, a prema dosadašnjim saznanjima uzrokuje ih više od 130 patogenih vrsta gljiva različite taksonomske pripadnosti. Razvoj ovih patogena u višegodišnjem drvu vinove loze dovodi do smanjenja produktivnosti trsova i kvalitete grožđa. Ove bolesti doprinose smanjenju životnog vijeka vinograda u slučajevima kada izostaje usmjerena zaštita u vinogradu. Mnogobrojna istraživanja koja se provode posljednjih godina na temu bolesti drva vinove loze proširila su saznanja o epidemiologiji ovih bolesti i omogućila daljnje istraživanje njihovog suzbijanja. Još uvijek ne postoji jedinstven i dovoljno učinkovit pristup suzbijanju bolesti drva nakon što se infekcija razvije u višegodišnjem drvu. Sukladno navedenome, preventivna zaštita je zasad jedina učinkovita mjera smanjenja razvoja uzročnika bolesti drva. Preventivnu bi zaštitu trebalo započeti provoditi u rasadniku tijekom proizvodnje loznog sadnog materijala i nastaviti tijekom cijelog životnog ciklusa vinograda. U slučajevima kada se bolesti drva razviju u većoj mjeri moguće je provesti mjere koje umanjuju njihovu učestalost i intenzitet, poput obnove trsova i mehaničkog uklanjanja simptomatičnog drva. U ovom su radu prikazani simptomi najzastupljenijih bolesti drva vinove loze, kao i pregled trenutno raspoloživih mjera preventivne zaštite i mjera koje umanjuju njihovo širenje i razvoj, a čijom se provedbom može produljiti životni vijek i produktivnost vinograda.Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are the most complex fungal diseases known on grapevine, and according to current knowledge they are caused by more than 130 species of fungi from different taxonomic classification. Their development in the perennial wood leads to the deterioration of grapevine productivity and yield. These diseases reduce vineyard longevity in lack of an addressed disease management. Numerous studies on GTD, conducted over the last few years, have extended the knowledge on their epidemiology and allowed further investigation of their management. After the development of fungal infections in the perennial wood, a unique and sufficiently efficient approach for GTD control is still unavailable. Accordingly, preventive measures represent the only known approach for GTD control. Preventive management should be applied in the nursery during the production of planting material and continued throughout the whole vineyard lifecycle. In cases when GTD develop to a greater extent, there is a possibility to apply measures that may lower their incidence and severity, such as trunk renewal or trunk cleaning (vine surgery). This paper gives an overview of symptoms of the most common GTD, with an emphasis on currently available measures of preventive control that reduce their spread and development, which may extend the lifespan and productivity of vineyards

The impact of drying on bioactive compounds of blue honeysuckle berries (Lonicera caerulea var. edulis Turcz. ex Herder)

Drying fruit is one of the simplest ways to extend the shelf-life of fruit, specially berries. Both higher temperature and time of heating significantly change the contents of some primary and secondary metabolites in honeysuckle fruit. Differences in their contents arising from different heat treatments were determined with the aid of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrophotometry (MS). The content of sugars showed a small change with drying, while organic acid contents decreased with a longer drying time. Ascorbic acid was totally degraded, regardless of the time or heating temperature. Different phenolic groups responded differently to heat intensity and time of drying. Flavanols were more sensitive to higher temperature than to duration of heating and they decreased by more than 70% at 75 °C. In contrast, the content of hydroxycinnamic acids, increased with drying by more than 75%, regardless of the time and temperature