Crespan, M.

Peršurič, Đ.

Plavša, T.

Poljuha, D.

Sladonja, B.

English

JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)

  99Vitis 46 (2), 99–100 (2007)virus-free accessions were selected for molecular analyses. DNA was extracted from young leaflets. Ten SSR loci were analyzed: VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79 (THIS et al. 2004); ISV2 (VMC6e1), ISV3 (VMC6f1), ISV4 (VMC6g1) and VMCNG4b9 (CRESPAN 2003). The analyses were performed using the protocol re-ported in CRESPAN and MILANI (2001). A m p e l o g r a p h i c   a n a l y s i s: The white 'Jarbola' was described using the seven virus-free acces-sions according to the Office International de la Vigne et du Vin descriptors as modified by EU project GENRES 081. Fifty descriptors were used, embracing shoot, leaf, inflo-rescence, cluster and berry morphology, fruit composition and phenology. W i n e   a n a l y s i s :  Grapes from twenty white 'Jarbola' vines were harvested for wine production. Due to the small grape quantity the vinification was performed in a minivinification experimental cellar in the Institute of Agriculture and Tourism in Poreč. Basic physico-chemical wine analyses were performed according to O.I.V. methods (1990) in years 2003 and 2004. Sensory evaluation of wine quality was performed 6 months after the first decantation by the method of 100-point O.I.V. (1994) and descriptive analyses with a panel of 7 judges.Results and Discussion: Molecular data have been re-ported in Tab. 1. All four white 'Jarbola' accessions showed the same SSR profile and therefore belong to the same va-riety. Red 'Jarbola' had a different allelic set and is, as a consequence, another cultivar. A first degree relationship between these two varieties can be excluded due to the lack of allele sharing at three loci.In order to detect possible synonymies, the 'Jarbola' microsatellite profiles have been compared to the Vitis mi-crosatellite databases of Istituto Sperimentale per la Viti-coltura (ISV), Conegliano (Italy), University of California, Davis (USA) and University of Crete, Heraklion (Greece, http://www.biology.uoc.gr/gvd/) as well as to genotypes from various references in literature; the white 'Jarbola' SSR profile showed to be unique and different from those of all previously described varieties. On the contrary, red 'Jarbola' revealed to be synonymous with the ancient Istri-an cultivar 'Hrvatica', previously investigated by MALETIĆ et al. (1999). Local vine-growers think that white 'Jarbola' could be related to the Ribolla varieties group due to its geographi-cal position, morphological resemblance and denomina-tion analogy. From molecular data comparison with the ISV database, it came out that 'Ribolla gialla' cultivated in Friuli Venezia Giulia region (North East Italy) is not a synonym to white 'Jarbola' and also a first degree relation-ship between the two varieties has been ruled out (data not shown). The same result was obtained by comparing white 'Jarbola' SSR profile with that of 'Robolla' and 'Kokkino Robola' Greek cultivars (COSTACURTA et al. 2006). Most likely, 'Jarbola' is an autochthonous Croatian cultivar. 'Hrvatica' was already morphologically described (MIROŠEVIĆ and TURKOVIĆ 2003) and its origin is unknown, without relation assumptions. Thus, ampelographic evalu-ations have been undertaken only for up to now not de-Research NoteAutochthonous Croatian grapevine cultivar 'Jarbola' – molecular, morphological and oenological characterizationB. SLADONJA1), D. POLJUHA1), T. PLAVŠA1), Đ. PERŠURIĆ1) and M. CRESPAN2) 1) Institute of Agriculture and Tourism Poreč, Poreč, Croatia2) C.R.A. Istituto Sperimentale per la Viticoltura, Sezione Am-pelografia e Miglioramento Genetico, Susegana (TV), ItalyK e y   w o r d s :  'Jarbola', autochthonous cultivar, revitaliza-tion, ampelography, SSR, wineIntroduction: Several autochthonous grapevine culti-vars have been maintained in ancient winegrowing regions of Croatia. 'Jarbola' is an old and presumed autochthonous grapevine cultivar exclusively grown in the Matulji munic-ipality area situated where Kvarner Bay (northern Adriatic Sea) and the mountainous inland meet, forming a natural connection between the Adriatic Basin and central Europe. Despite the coastline adjacency, this area is characterized by a relative high altitude and mixed Mediterranean and mountainous climate. The origin of 'Jarbola' is unknown and cultivar is not present in national grapevine collec-tions. The oldest record of 'Jarbola' dates back to the 19th century (MATETIĆ 1999) testifying its long winemaking tradition: agriculture at that time was the most important economic activity and 'Jarbola', as a well adapted variety in this region, was cultivated on slope terraces. Nowadays devastated terraces are protected by law as a cultural herit-age, but 'Jarbola' is almost extinct. To our knowledge, only 1 red-fruited and 20 white-fruited 'Jarbola' vines survived until 2003 in more than 70 years old vineyards. With the aim of evaluation, conservation and valoriza-tion of 'Jarbola' ampelographic and molecular characteriza-tion as well as preliminary wine analyses were performed on this recovered material.Material and Methods:  P l a n t   m a t e r i a l :  Sam-ples were collected between 2003 and 2005 from 1 red-fruited and 20 white-fruited vines of 'Jarbola', coming from more than 70 years old plantations located near Zvoneća (Matulji). They were chosen according to local vine-grow-ers instructions. A further vine selection was performed by visual inspection supported by ELISA test on six grapevine viruses (POLJUHA et al. 2004), revealing 1 red-fruited and 7 white-fruited healthy vines. M i c r o s a t e l l i t e   D N A   a n a l y s i s :  Four white-fruited and one red-fruited 'Jarbola' from the eight Correspondence to: Dr. D. POLJUHA, Institute of Agriculture and Tourism Poreč, Dept. of Agriculture and Nutrition, C. Hu-guesa 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia. Fax: +385-52-431-659. E-mail: danijela@iptpo.hr 100 B. SLADONJA et al.scribed white 'Jarbola'. White 'Jarbola' is characterized by very late bud burst, late flowering and veraison. Its main ampelographic characteristics are as follows. Young shoot tip is opened, with weak anthocyanin coloration and me-dium density of prostrate hairs. Young leaves are yellow/bronze at the upper side, with medium density of pros-trate hairs between veins at the lower side. Flowers are hermaphrodite. Adult leaves are wedge shaped or circular with three lobes, folded at mid vein, with weak goffering of the upper side and mixed shaped teeth. Petiole sinus is U-shaped and slightly overlapping, without teeth. Clusters are medium sized, conical without wings, with medium to compact density. Medium sized berries are roundish, with green-yellow skin and uncolored flesh. 'Jarbola' wines produced in two climatically different years were characterized by high total acidity and high dry extract content (Tab. 2). The total scores obtained by senso-ry evaluations were 78/100 and 79/100, in years 2003 and 2004, respectively. According to descriptive sensory anal-yses, both wines were characterized by intensive persist-ent variety aroma (white flower and citrus) and markedly sour and inharmonious taste. Based on the physico-chemi-cal and sensory analyses, both wines were categorized as quality wines, and potentially suitable for sparkling wine production or blending with semi aromatic and aromatic white wines of lower acidity. Optimization of vine growing management and vinification technology has begun.Presented results enabled 'Jarbola' to be included in the Croatian National Catalogue of Varieties as recommended cultivar named 'Jarbola bijela', for Istria and Kvarner Re-gion. Propagation material production has been initiated and from 2004, new plantations are raised each year. The revival of 'Jarbola' and its preservation gave a valuable contribution to a general region recovery.This work was supported by funds from the Local Authori-ties of Matulji. We are grateful to local vineyard owners for help. We also thank J. DANGLE from University of California, Davis, USA for database searching, E. PETERLUNGER for providing 'Ri-bolla' accessions and R. CARRARO, M. COSSETTO and M. BUBOLA for ampelographic description suggestions. COSTACURTA A.; GIANNETTO, S.; MENEGHETTI, S.; CRESPAN, M.; 2006: Does it exist a Greek ampelographical heredity in South Italy? SSR profiles comparison of cultivars growing in both countries. In: G. KOTSERIDIS (Ed.): Proceedings of Ampelos 2006, 2nd International Symposium on the Evaluation and Exploitation of Grapes of Cor-responding Terroir through Winemaking and Commercialization of Wines, 9-14. Santorini, Greece. CRESPAN, M.; 2003: The parentage of Muscat of Hamburg. Vitis 42, 193-197.CRESPAN, M.; MILANI, N.; 2001: The Muscats: A molecular analysis of synonyms, homonyms and genetic relationships within a large fam-ily of grapevine cultivars. Vitis 40, 23-30.MATETIĆ, F.; 1999: Zvoneća svojni. Adamić d.o.o. Rijeka.MALETIĆ, E.; SEFC, K. M.; STEINKELLNER, H.; KONTIĆ, J. K.; PEJIĆ, I; 1999: Genetic characterization of Croatian grapevine cultivars and de-tection of synonymous cultivars in neighboring regions. Vitis 38, 79-83.MIROŠEVIĆ, N.; TURKOVIĆ, Z.; 2003: Ampelografski atlas. Tehnička knjiga, Zagreb.O.I.V.; 1990: Compendium of International Methods of Analysis of Wine and Musts. OIV, Paris.O.I.V.; 1994: Norme des Concours Internationaux des Vins. Resolution OENO, 2/94, Paris.POLJUHA, D.; SLADONJA, B.; PERŠURIĆ, Đ.; 2004: Survey of five indigenous Istrian cultivars for the presence of six grape viruses. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 55, 286-287.THIS, P.; JUNG, A.; BOCCACCI, P.; BORREGO, J.; BOTTA, R.; COSTANTINI, L.; CRESPAN, M.; DANGL, G.S.; EISENHELD, C.; FERREIRA-MONTEIRO, F.; GRANDO, S.; IBÁÑEZ, J.; LACOMBE, T.; LAUCOU, V.; MAGALHÃES, M.; MEREDITH, C. P.; MILANI, N.; PETERLUNGER, E.; REGNER, F.; ZULINI, L.; MAUL, E.; 2004: Development of a standard set of microsatellite reference alleles for identification of grape cultivars. Theor. Appl. Genetics 109, 1448-1458.Received November 13, 2006T a b l e   1Allele sizes in base pairs at each of ten SSR loci of white and red 'Jarbola', plus three reference varieties profilesVarietyWhite JarbolaRed JarbolaCabernet SauvignonMoscato biancoSultaninaVVS2143 151 139 133 145155 153 151 133 151VVMD5236 226 232 228 234240 238 240 236 234VVMD7247 239 239 233 239249 247 239 249 253VVMD27179 179 175 179 181181 179 189 194 194VrZAG62201 187 187 185 187203 203 193 195 187VrZAG79242 250 246 250 246258 250 246 254 258ISV2 (VMC6e1)143 151 141 141 143165 165 165 143 143ISV3 (VMC6f1)133 133 133 133 133139 139 139 139 139ISV4 (VMC6g1)177 177 169 169 191197 187 191 187 193VMCNG4b9 158 158 168 158 138166 172 176 166 158T a b l e   2 Physico-chemical composition of 'Jarbola' wines Year 2003Year 2004Alcohol (vol. %) 11,6 11,6Total acidity (as tartaric acid) g/l 8,8 7,4Volatile acidity (as acetic acid) g/l 0,50 0,29Reducing sugars (g/l) 2,1 1,0Total dry extract (g/l) 20,5 23,1Ash (g/l) 1,6 3,4pH 2,8 3,77Free SO2 (mg/l) 27,63 25,6Total SO2 (mg/l) 104,8 106,6

Autochthonous Croatian grapevine cultivar 'Jarbola' – molecular, morphological and oenological characterization

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Autochthonous Croatian grapevine cultivar 'Jarbola' – molecular, morphological and oenological characterization

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