82 research outputs found
Os dois deuses de Hobbes. Limites da obrigação política hobbesiana
O objetivo deste artigo é examinar criticamente algumas interpretações doconceito hobbesiano de obrigação política. O artigo propõe uma nova leitura do problemade obediência em Hobbes a partir de uma interpretação que leva em conta os limites daobrigação política e o contexto teológico que a envolve.The aim of this paper is to critically inquire into some of theinterpretations of what appears to me to be the core of Hobbes's political philosophy:his concept of political obligation. And in so doing I will provide a newway of reading the problem of obedience in Hobbes, one that does not dismissthe limits of political obligation and the theological context that surrounds it
A DEMOCRACIA DO HOMEM COMUM: RESGATANDO A TEORIA POLÍTICA DE JOHN DEWEY
Entre os principais assuntos que vêm marcando presença na agenda da teoria política contemporânea nos
últimos anos, estão os temas da deliberação, da comunidade e da comunicação. O que os novos debates
sobre a democracia deliberativa, o comunitarismo e a teoria da comunicação não deixam claro, contudo,
consiste no fato de que a novidade que apresentam já se encontrava anunciada na teoria pragmatista
desenvolvida no começo do século XX, especialmente nos escritos de John Dewey. Com efeito, nos primeiros
anos desse século, Dewey elaborou uma consistente teoria política normativa, cujo principal foco centravase
na questão da democracia. Isso não teria nenhuma relevância especial caso a teoria democrática avançada
por Dewey não abarcasse efetivamente uma concepção normativa de democracia participativa ou
deliberativa nos mesmos moldes discutidos pelas mais recentes tendências e autores da teoria democrática
contemporânea. A partir da leitura de Dewey e de alguns de seus comentadores, é possível identificar um
conceito de democracia radical, procedimental e deliberativa que apresenta fortes ressonâncias,
por exemplo, com os temas de comunidade, participação, comunicação, espaço público e educação. Diante
disso, o objetivo deste artigo consiste em recuperar o pensamento de John Dewey, demonstrando o seu
vanguardismo frente à teoria política contemporânea e indicando a relevância de sua contribuição para o
atual debate da teoria da democracia.
THE DEMOCRACY OF COMMON MAN: REVIVING JOHN DEWEYS POLITICAL
THEORY
Abstract
Among the main issues that have been making their presence felt in contemporary political theory
of recent years are the themes of deliberation, community and communication. However, what the
new debates on deliberative democracy, communitarianism and communication theory do not
make clear is the fact that the novelty that they represent had already been enunciated in early
twentieth century pragmatist theory, and in John Deweys writings in particular. In essence, during
the first few years of this century Dewey elaborated a consistent normative political theory whose
principal focus was the issue of democracy. This would be of no particular relevance if Deweys democratic theory did not actually develop a normative conception of participatory or deliberative
democracy that is very similar to that of recent tendencies and exponents of contemporary democratic
theory. Through reading Dewey and some of his commentators, we can identify concepts of radical,
procedural and deliberative democracy that resonate strongly with themes of community,
participation, communication, public space and education. Thus, the goal of this article is to revisit
Deweys thought, showing his vanguard relation to contemporary political theory and pointing to the
relevance of his contribution for current debates within democratic theory.
LA DEMOCRACIE DE LHOMME COMMUN: POUR REHABILITER LA THEORIE
POLITIQUE DE JOHN DEWEY
Résumé
Parmi les principaux thèmes mis en relief par la théorie politique contemporaine ces dernières années,
figurent les thèmes de la délibération, de la communauté et de la communication. Ce que les
«nouveaux» débats sur la démocracie, le communautarisme et la théorie de la communication
néclaircissent pas est le fait que la «nouveauté» qu´ils abordent existait déjà dans la théorie pragmatique
développée au début du XXième siècle, surtout dans les textes de John Dewey. En effet, dans les premières années de ce siècle, Dewey élabora une consistante théorie politique normative centrée
sur la question de la démocracie. Cela naurait aucune importance si la théorie démocratique présentée
par Dewey ne portait justement pas sur une conception de démocracie participative ou délibérative
selon les modèles des débats menés par les tendances les plus récentes et par les auteurs de la
théorie démocratique contemporaine. A partir de la lecture de Dewey et de certains de ses
commentateurs, il est possible didentifier un concept de démocracie «radicale», «procédurière» et
«délibérative» qui ont de fortes résonnances, par exemple, avec les thèmes de la communauté, de la
participation, de la communication, de lespace public et de léducation. De ce fait, lobjectif de cet
article consiste à réhabiliter la pensée de John Dewey en revelant son esprit davant-garde face à la
théorie politique contemporaine et en soulignant limportance de sa contribution au débat actuel de la
théorie de la démocracie
El abordaje metodológico del Proyecto LATINNO para la investigación sobre innovaciones democráticas
Este artículo presenta algunas contribuciones conceptuales y metodológicas del proyecto LATINNO para la investigación sobre innovaciones democráticas y participación ciudadana. Primero, se discuten las lagunas en el conocimiento preexistente que dieron origen al proyecto. Segundo, se presentan el marco metodológico y los aportes originales que permitieron registrar datos comparables sobre el contexto, diseño institucional e impacto de más de 2,600 casos. Tercero, se discuten los desafíos encontrados a la hora de evaluar el impacto de las innovaciones. Finalmente se señalan algunas direcciones para el desarrollo de una agenda regional sobre innovaciones democráticas que pueda explotar las potencialidades de la base de datos de LATINNO.This article presents some conceptual and methodological contributions of the LATINNO project for research on democratic innovations and citizen participation. First, the gaps in the preexisting knowledge that gave rise to the project are discussed. Second, the methodological framework and the original contributions that allowed registering comparable data on the context, institutional design and impact of more than 2,600 cases are presented. Third, the challenges encountered when evaluating the innovations impact are discussed. Finally, some directions are indicated for the development of a regional agenda on democratic innovations that can exploit the potential of the LATINNO database
Cherry-picking participation: explaining the fate of proposals from participatory processes
What happens to the proposals generated by participatory processes? One of the key aspects of research on public participation that has been the subject of rare systematic analysis and comparison is the fate of the output from participatory processes: their proposals. Which specific factors explain whether proposals are accepted, rejected or transformed by public authorities? This paper contributes to this gap in our understanding in two steps. First, we identify contextual, process and proposal related factors that are likely to affect the prospect of proposals being implemented, generating a set of testable hypotheses. Second, we test the explanatory power of these hypotheses through multilevel analysis on a diverse set of 571 policy proposals. Our findings offer evidence that while there is no effect for contextual factors, both process and proposal related variables have significant explanatory power. The design of participatory processes affects the degree of implementation, with participatory budgeting and higher quality processes being particularly effective. But most significant for explaining implementation are proposal level economic and political factors: a proposal's cost, the extent to which it challenges existing policy and the degree of support it has within the municipality all strongly affect the chance of implementation.
Democracia, escala y participación. Reflexiones desde las instituciones participativas brasileñas
A generalized approach in democratic theory exists, especially in participatory theory, in which the smaller the scale (defined as size of territory or administrative level), the more chance there is to develop better quality participatory processes. In response to this perspective, we will compare two types of Participating Institutions in Brazil (Councils and National Conferences) in municipalities of different sizes and administrative levels. The hypothesis of this paper is that intermediate levels are those of higher democratic quality.<br><br>Existe un planteamiento generalizado dentro de la teoría democrática, especialmente en la teoría participativa, según el cual, a menor escala (entendida como tamaño del territorio o nivel administrativo), mayores posibilidades de desarrollar procesos participativos de mayor calidad. Para contestar dicha perspectiva, comparamos dos tipos de Instituciones Participativas en Brasil (Consejos y Conferencias Nacionales) en municipios de diferente tamaño y en diferentes niveles administrativos. La hipótesis del texto es que son los niveles intermedios los que presentan una mayor calidad democrática
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