У Журнала Юбилей

Наука – это, прежде всего, распространение идей, а не фиксация метаданных в базах данных в угоду «высокой вузовской отчетности». Именно эту задачу распространения идей и взаимообмен ими мы поставили перед нашим журналом. В сентябре нам исполни-лось уже пять лет. А, ведь, совсем недавно, мы отмечали юбилей журнала наших партне-ров из Узбекистана [3]. Вот теперь наступил «и на нашей улице праздник». По традиции к каждому юбилею «хочется идти, приветствовать, рапортовать», как писал поэт В. Маяков-ский

On the group of extensions for the bicrossed product construction for a locally compact group

For the cocycle bicrossed product construction applied to a locally compact group and its two subgroups, we give a simple description of the group of the corresponding extensions in terms of the second cohomology group of a certain complex of continuous functions on the group. Using this description, we find pairs of continuous cocycles for two subgroups of the Heisenberg group

Quantized algebras of functions on homogeneous spaces with Poisson stabilizers

Let G be a simply connected semisimple compact Lie group with standard Poisson structure, K a closed Poisson-Lie subgroup, 0<q<1. We study a quantization C(G_q/K_q) of the algebra of continuous functions on G/K. Using results of Soibelman and Dijkhuizen-Stokman we classify the irreducible representations of C(G_q/K_q) and obtain a composition series for C(G_q/K_q). We describe closures of the symplectic leaves of G/K refining the well-known description in the case of flag manifolds in terms of the Bruhat order. We then show that the same rules describe the topology on the spectrum of C(G_q/K_q). Next we show that the family of C*-algebras C(G_q/K_q), 0<q\le1, has a canonical structure of a continuous field of C*-algebras and provides a strict deformation quantization of the Poisson algebra \C[G/K]. Finally, extending a result of Nagy, we show that C(G_q/K_q) is canonically KK-equivalent to C(G/K).Comment: 23 pages; minor changes, typos correcte

Characteristics of antibiotic resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella circulating in the Russian Federation in the period from 2019 to 2022

Introduction. Non-typhoidal Salmonella make a significant contribution to the incidence of enteric infections and are characterized by an increasing proportion of strains resistant to antimicrobial agents (AMA), including the first choice antibiotics (cephalosporins III and fluoroquinolones). The purpose of the study is to assess the phenotypic resistance of Salmonella to various classes of AMAs and determine the relationship between the phenotypic resistance, serotype, source of isolation and nature of incidence. Materials and methods. We studied 752 representative strains of Salmonella of 2494 strains isolated from various sources (clinical samples, food products, environment) received from 59 regions of Russia in the period from 2019 to 2022. The phenotypic resistance to 22 antibiotics of 11 CLSI classes of AMAs was assessed by broth microdilution method (minimum inhibitory concentration). The diversity of resistance profiles of Salmonella serotypes was compared using the Shannon index. Results. The dominant position in terms of isolation frequency is occupied by the serotypes Salmonella Enteritidis, S. Infantis, S. Muenchen, S. Typhimurium, S. Bovismorbificans, which accounted for 64.4% of the studied strains. 543 (72.2%) strains showed resistance to at least one of the tested antibiotics; 193 (25.7%) strains were characterized by multidrug resistance phenotype (MDR). Resistance to AMA classes was characterized by the following distribution: quinolones (61.3%), tetracyclines (28.1%), penicillins (19.1%), β-lactam combination agents (18.6%), folate pathway antagonists (16, 5%), phenicols (10.1%), aminoglycosides (5.6%), cephems (4.7%), monobactams (4.4%), lipopeptides (3.9%). No penem-resistant strains have been identified. The features of Salmonella resistance by AMA classes are shown to depend on the sources of isolation, the Salmonella serotype and the nature of the incidence (outbreak and sporadic). Conclusions. Monitoring of phenotypic antibiotic resistance is an important tool for epidemiological surveillance in order to prevent the spread of bacterial resistance to AMAs

Emergence of a novel GII.17 norovirus – end of the GII.4 era?

In the winter of 2014/15 a novel GII.P17-GII.17 norovirus strain (GII.17 Kawasaki 2014) emerged, as a major cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in China and Japan. Since their emergence these novel GII.P17-GII.17 viruses have replaced the previously dominant GII.4 genotype Sydney 2012 variant in some areas in Asia but were only detected in a limited number of cases on other continents. This perspective provides an overview of the available information on GII.17 viruses in order to gain insight in the viral and host characteristics of this norovirus genotype. We further discuss the emergence of this novel GII.P17-GII.17 norovirus in context of current knowledge on the epidemiology of noroviruses. It remains to be seen if the currently dominant norovirus strain GII.4 Sydney 2012 will be replaced in other parts of the world. Nevertheless, the public health community and surveillance systems need to be prepared in case of a potential increase of norovirus activity in the next seasons caused by this novel GII.P17-GII.17 norovirus

Demonstration of CO2 conversion to synthetic transport fuel at flue gas concentrations

A mixture of 1-and 2-butanol was produced using a stepwise synthesis starting with a methyl halide. The process included a carbon dioxide utilization step to produce an acetate salt which was then converted to the butanol isomers by Claisen condensation of the esterified acetate followed by hydrogenation of the resulting ethyl acetoacetate. Importantly, the CO 2 utilization step uses dry, dilute carbon dioxide (12% CO 2 in nitrogen) similar to those found in post-combustion flue gases. The work has shown that the Grignard reagent has a slow rate of reaction with oxygen in comparison to carbon dioxide, meaning that the costly purification step usually associated with carbon capture technologies can be omitted using this direct capture-conversion technique. Butanol isomers are useful as direct drop-in replacement fuels for gasoline due to their high octane number, higher energy density, hydrophobicity, and low corrosivity in existing petrol engines. An energy analysis shows the process to be exothermic from methanol to butanol; however, energy is required to regenerate the active magnesium metal from the halide by-product. The methodology is important as it allows electrical energy, which is difficult to store using batteries over long periods of time, to be stored as a liquid fuel that fits entirely with the current liquid fuels infrastructure. This means that renewable, weather-dependent energy can be stored across seasons, for example, production in summer with consumption in winter. It also helps to avoid new fossil carbon entering the supply chain through the utilization of carbon dioxide that would otherwise be emitted. As methanol has also been shown to be commercially produced from CO 2 , this adds to the prospect of the general decarbonization of the transport fuels sector. Furthermore, as the conversion of CO 2 to butanol requires significantly less hydrogen than CO 2 to octanes, there is a potentially reduced burden on the so-called hydrogen economy

A relationship between causative agents of infectious diarrhea and fatal outcomes in pre-school children

Infectious diarrhea is one of the leading causes of fatal outcomes in young children. Differential diagnostics of such infections within the first hours of illness poses significant objective obstacles. Data from laboratory studies of autopsy material and pathological studies provide valuable information for understanding the spectrum of differential diagnostics and etiological structure of infectious diarrhea with fatal outcomes in young children. Materials and methods. There were analyzed 100 cases of fatal outcomes in children under the age of six years registered in Russia from November 2011 to December 2019, who was diagnosed with infectious diarrhea at different levels of the healthcare system. The data were assessed based on available medical case reports and the laboratory testing of autopsy samples performed by using nucleic acid amplification methods. Results. The diagnosis of infectious diarrhea was revised in 24 patients, based on the data of a set of intravital and post-mortem studies. In patients with unconfirmed diagnosis of acute intestinal infections, pneumonia was the most often detected — in 45.8% (11/24), sepsis — in 29.2% (7/24), meningitis/meningoencephalitis, acute surgical pathology and asphyxiation associated with vomit aspiration — in 16.7 % (4/24) cases. The causative agents of infectious diarrhea were identified in 71 of 76 patients with confirmed diagnosis of acute intestinal infections. Most prevalent were group A rotaviruses — 52.6% (40/76), group F adenoviruses — 17.1% (13/76), and noroviruses — 13.2% (10/76). Combination of pathogens was detected in 29 cases (38.2%). Prehospital lethal outcomes in patients with infectious diarrhea were observed in 17 cases (22.4%). In total, rate of neonatal deaths due to acute intestinal infections accounted for 62.2% and 2-year-old toddlers — 20.3%. 64 of 76 (84%) children had no unfavorable premorbid background. The most common pathologies associated with infectious diarrhea with developing fatal outcomes were pneumonia (including aspiration pneumonia) in 22.4% (17/76) and aspiration asphyxia in 6.6% (5/76). Hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with diarrhea was diagnosed in 7.9% (6/76) of children. Conclusions. Within the first years of life children comprise a risk group for developing fatal outcomes during infectious diarrhea. Lack of unfavorable premorbid background should not be considered as a reliable positive prognostic criterion. Diagnostics of pneumonia should be included in the mandatory examination plan for children with severe infectious diar rhea. Based on study of clinical and autopsy material, group A rotaviruses were the lead causative agents among those resulting in infectious diarrhea with fatal outcomes in young children. Special attention should be paid to preventing vomit aspiration within the first days after disease onset