Hemoprotozoa of domestic animals in France: Prevalence and molecular characterization

Very limited information is available on epizootiology of haematozoan infections in French domestic animals. In an attempt to address this issue, prevalence of piroplasmida was studied in carnivores and ruminants, whereas prevalence of Hepatozoon spp. was only investigated in carnivores. In total, 383 animals were included in the survey (namely 116 cats, 108 dogs, 91 sheep and 68 cows). Parasite diagnosis was carried out using molecular methods such as PCR and sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene. In addition, ruminant samples were analyzed with the reverse line blotting technique (RLB). Results of RLB and PCR plus sequencing were in total agreement. In carnivores, haematozoan prevalence was close to 1%. Two cats were infected by H. canis (1.7% prevalence) and one of them was co-infected by Cytauxzoon sp. (0.8%). This represents the first finding of both pathogens in French cats. One dog was infected by H. canis (0.9%) and another by Babesia canis vogeli (0.9%). In ruminants, haematozoan prevalence (piroplasmida) was significantly higher than in carnivores (4.8% in sheep and 8.8% in cow). Theileria ovis was found in 1 sheep, Theileria sp. in 2 sheep, Theileria buffeli in 5 cows and B. major in 1 cow. Evidence presented in this contribution indicates that haematic protozoa are not widely distributed in domestic mammal populations of France

Low-Temperature drying of salted cod (Gadus morhua) assisted by high power ultrasound: Kinetics and physical properties

[EN] Low-temperature convective drying could be considered an affordable alternative to conventional freeze-drying for foodstuffs. The process intensification should be based on non-thermal technologies, such as power ultrasound. Thereby, the aim of this work was to evaluate the air-borne application of power ultrasound on the low-temperature drying of salted cod. For that purpose, drying experiments were carried out at −10, 0, 10 and 20 °C on salted cod slices at 2 m/s with (AIR + US, 20.5 kW/m3) and without ultrasonic application (AIR). In the dried-salted cod, its rehydration capacity was analyzed, as were the microstructural, textural and color changes. At every temperature tested, ultrasound application increased the drying rate; thus, an average increase of 74%was observed in the effective diffusivity. AIR+US dried samples were softer and exhibited a higher rehydration capacity than AIR ones, which was linked to the microstructural changes produced by ultrasound. In addition, color changes were induced by ultrasound application. Industrial relevance: Nowadays, low-temperature convective drying represents a promising alternative for the production of high-quality dried products. However, this technology is mostly limited by the low drying rate, which retards the dehydration process and directly increases the processing costs. Power ultrasound, a nonthermal technology, represents an interesting alternative means of improving low-temperature convective drying due to the fact that acoustic (mechanical)waves may affectwater removal during dryingwith a low heating capacity. Thereby, the ultrasonically enhanced low-temperature convective drying could constitute an affordable alternative to lyophilization (or freeze-drying), which is mainly restricted to high-quality food commodities.The authors acknowledge the financial support both from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Ref. DPI2012-37466-C03-03) and Carmen Cambra S.L. for their technical support with the selection of the raw material. Cesar Ozuna was the recipient of a fellowship from the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia for his research stay in Aalesund University College.Ozuna López, C.; Cárcel Carrión, JA.; Walde, PM.; García Pérez, JV. (2014). Low-Temperature drying of salted cod (Gadus morhua) assisted by high power ultrasound: Kinetics and physical properties. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies. 23:146-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2014.03.008S1461552

Ultrasonic intensification as a tool for enhanced microbial biofuel yields

peer-reviewedUltrasonication has recently received attention as a novel bioprocessing tool for process intensification in many areas of downstream processing. Ultrasonic intensification (periodic ultrasonic treatment during the fermentation process) can result in a more effective homogenization of biomass and faster energy and mass transfer to biomass over short time periods which can result in enhanced microbial growth. Ultrasonic intensification can allow the rapid selective extraction of specific biomass components and can enhance product yields which can be of economic benefit. This review focuses on the role of ultrasonication in the extraction and yield enhancement of compounds from various microbial sources, specifically algal and cyanobacterial biomass with a focus on the production of biofuels. The operating principles associated with the process of ultrasonication and the influence of various operating conditions including ultrasonic frequency, power intensity, ultrasonic duration, reactor designs and kinetics applied for ultrasonic intensification are also described

Os movimentos sociais contemporâneos e a Marcha Mundial das Mulheres

O presente artigo busca situar a Marcha Mundial das Mulheres (MMM) nos estudos contemporâneos sobre os movimentos sociais. Considerando alguns aspectos dos contextos nos quais se desenvolveram os movimentos em redes e a MMM - que é considerada um movimento social contemporâneo, fluido e heterogêneo. Essa pesquisa bibliográfica pretendeu conhecer parte do contexto social do século XXI, bem como as discussões acerca dos movimentos sociais, buscando uma maior compreensão da MMM nesse contexto