Distributional effects of import penetration. An application to the spanish case

Treball Final de Màster Universitari en Economia / Master in Economics. Codi: SRN015. Curs acadèmic 2017-201

Avocado (Persea americana) and cherimoya (Annona cherimola) crop ontologies facilitate data interoperability among different descriptors in biological databases

Subtropical fruits, like avocado and cherimoya, are key crops for food security in a wide range of countries, with an increasing commercial importance worldwide. Even though their importance is starting to be recognized and high throughput sequencing approaches are currently being used to characterize genome­wide patterns from natural diversity populations and breeding stocks, currently ontological available information for these subtropical fruits crops is scarce and often not based in internationally standardized formats. Thus, the challenge to correlate the expanding molecular information data available with plant phenotype and crop traits remains an important issue in breeding programs for these crops. With the aim to facilitate future analyses we present a controlled vocabulary for harmonizing the annotation of phenotypic and genomic data for these crops. These new ontologies represent an extended ontology to fit avocado and cherimoya traits commonly used in variety descriptions, mainly established by Biodiversity International and the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), but also custom ad hoc descriptors. The developed ontology includes measurable or observable characteristics of plants as well as abiotic and biotic stress susceptibility. The resource is available in standard OBO formats ready to be used in GMOD and Tripal inspired biological databases to allow data sharing and reusability. The approach followed here can be of interest to other crops in which standardized ontologies are still missing.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. This work is supported by MINECO (AGL2013-43732- R and AGL2016-77267-R) to Iñaki Hormaza, (RYC-2011-08839) to Antonio Matas and (BES-2014-068832) to Alicia Talavera Júdez

Construcción de conocimientos en el campo de las Ciencias Sociales y las Humanidades

Es común que cuando se habla de conocimiento nos venga a la mente la idea de ciencia y su condición de objetividad, a través de valoraciones epistemológicas desde las cuales se valida al conocimiento construido. En esta ponencia se pone a revisión la construcción de conocimientos en el campo de las Ciencias Sociales y las Humanidades como un acto de pensar y de existir en el que no sólo se producen conocimientos, sino la autentificación misma de los sujetos. Así, conocer en el ámbito de las Ciencias Sociales y las Humanidades es reconocer que los sujetos no sólo poseen la capacidad para posicionarse frente a los hechos y acontecimientos de la vida cotidiana, sino que logran distanciarse de las determinaciones en que las circunstancias los coloca. Pensar es el potencial humano en el que las personas, los sujetos y las comunidades construyen relaciones de conocimiento por y a través de las cuales sitúan y configuran realidades y territorios. Desde estos lugares es que podemos hablar de la función epistémica en el campo de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanas.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Editorial: Tumor microenvironment in primary brain cancers

Primary brain tumors are most commonly detected in the late stages of the disease and there are only a few treatment opportunities. Overall survival rates are significantly low and the response to chemo/radiotherapy is not sufficient, despite surgical intervention. The tumor microenvironment (TME) regulates several brain tumor hallmarks, such as cell migration, invasiveness, proliferation, therapy resistance, stemness maintenance, immune evasion, among others. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the pro-tumoral mechanisms that are regulated by the TME in order to detect and identify new biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets.IN was supported by ANID/FONDECYT Grant 11220149 and ANID/IMII ICN09-016/ICN 2021-045. JRP was supported by grant PID2019-104766RB-C21 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Basque Government (IT1751-22) and University of the Basque Country (COLAB22/07)

Non-linear analysis with the boundary element method

This paper presents a new formulation of the Boundary Element Method to viscoplastic problems in a two-dimensional analysis. Visco-plastic stresses and strains are obtained until the visco-plastic strain rate reaches the steady state condition. A perfect visco-plastic analysis is also carried out in linear strain hardening (H’=0) materials. Part of the domain, the part that is susceptible to yield is discretized into quadratic, quadrilateral continuous cells. The loads are used to demonstrate time effects in the analysis carried out. Numerical results are compared with solution obtained from the Finite Element Method (FEM)

Non-Markovian Quantum Dynamics and Classical Chaos

We study the influence of a chaotic environment in the evolution of an open quantum system. We show that there is an inverse relation between chaos and non-Markovianity. In particular, we remark on the deep relation of the short time non-Markovian behavior with the revivals of the average fidelity amplitude-a fundamental quantity used to measure sensitivity to perturbations and to identify quantum chaos. The long time behavior is established as a finite size effect which vanishes for large enough environments.Comment: Closest to the published versio

La investigación educativa en la formación académica de educadores en México

El interés por las prácticas de formación en investigación educativa surge de mi experiencia como docente en Programas de Postgrado en México y como temática en la línea de investigación: “Formación y Profesionalización de Educadores en México” que desarrollo en la Facultad de Estudios Superiores “Acatlán” de la UNAM.La tesis que sostengo es que la formación académica que ofrecen los programas de postgrado posibilita una formación y práctica para la investigación educativa, de allí que la categoría de “Formación Académica” resulta estructural y estructurante para dar cuenta de los procesos, las habilidades y los productos que cada individuo desarrolla en el trayecto de su formación.Es el análisis de las propuestas de formación que ofrecen tres programas de maestría (Pedagogía-UNAM, Ciencias de la Educación-ISCEEM y Educación-La Salle) y sus productos lo que me permite dar cuenta del papel que juega la investigación educativa como área y campo de formación; a través de tres preguntas de investigación:1. ¿Cuál es la orientación académica de los postgrados en México?2. ¿Qué prácticas académicas, desarrolladas en los postgrado, posibilitan la formación para la investigación educativa?3. ¿Cómo el carácter profesionalizante de las maestrías en educación disminuye las posibilidades de la formación para la investigación?El análisis curricular y la sistematización de prácticas es la metodología a utilizar, acompañada por la aplicación de un cuestionario a los docentes de los programas mencionados.Esta investigación ofrece (como resultado), situar a la formación académica como categoría analítica para dar cuenta de los procesos y prácticas que los programas de maestría realizan y cómo, en éstas, se configura el oficio de la investigación educativa

The Influence of Urban Environments on Oxidative Stress Balance: A Case Study on the House Sparrow in the Iberian Peninsula

The House Sparrow is a globally distributed species and is closely associated with anthropised environments. They are well-adapted to urban life; therefore the decline of their populations in Europe represents an unexpected event that demands an investigation into its causes. Causes that have promoted this decline are not well-known, but one of the highlighted hypotheses is an increase of oxidative stress linked to the toxicity of pollution in urban areas. From an ecophysiological perspective, oxidative damage, antioxidant defense, and oxidative balance are considered reliable indicators of environmental stressors such as pollutants. To carry out this study, blood samples were collected from House Sparrows in three different habitats that varied in terms of urbanization degree: urban, suburban, and rural; during the winter and breeding season. According to our results, urban sparrows showed higher levels of oxidative damage and higher activity of antioxidant enzymes, but lower antioxidant capacity in comparison with the rural birds; and these differences especially increase during the breeding season. The maintenance of oxidative balance increases in an urban environment in comparison to a rural one; we suggest that the high level of pollution and the poor quality diet linked to urban environments. The breeding season is expected to be particularly challenging for the oxidative balance of urban birds, when the reallocation of resources between self-maintenance and reproduction may be critical due to the scarcity of antioxidants found in urban areas. This study may contribute to determining the causes of the population decrease of House Sparrows in cities

Predicting the traction power of metropolitan railway lines using different machine learning models

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in International Journal of Rail Transportation on 2021, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/23248378.2020.1829513[EN] Railways are an efficient transport mean with lower energy consumption and emissions in comparison to other transport means for freight and passengers, and yet there is a growing need to increase their efficiency. To achieve this, it is needed to accurately predict their energy consumption, a task which is traditionally carried out using deterministic models which rely on data measured through money- and time-consuming methods. Using four basic (and cheap to measure) features (train speed, acceleration, track slope and radius of curvature) from MetroValencia (Spain), we predicted the traction power using different machine learning models, obtaining that a random forest model outperforms other approaches in such task. The results show the possibility of using basic features to predict the traction power in a metropolitan railway line, and the chance of using this model as a tool to assess different strategies in order to increase the energy efficiency in these lines.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [TRA2011-26602].Pineda-Jaramillo, J.; Martínez Fernández, P.; Villalba Sanchis, I.; Salvador Zuriaga, P.; Insa Franco, R. (2021). Predicting the traction power of metropolitan railway lines using different machine learning models. International Journal of Rail Transportation. 9(5):461-478. https://doi.org/10.1080/23248378.2020.1829513S4614789