Fiesta política y enfrentamiento institucional. La celebración de la paz de Nimega en Valencia

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Fiesta y poder. Aportaciones historiográficas al estudio de las ceremonias políticas en su desarrollo histórico

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Cyanobacterial calcite cementation in a tidal channel of the Bay of Cadiz Natural Park

A study of the carbonated crust located in a tidal channel close to a hypersaline tidal lagoon of the Nature area of the Bay of Cádiz has been done. A textural, mineralogical, and an experimental study, including O2 y pH measurements have been conducted during a period of a month and a tidal cycle in four different locations along the channel. The results of the mineralogical and textural study and those from the microelectrodes, show how the photosynthetic activity of biofilms dominated by cyanobacteria and diatoms growing in the sediment surface seems to control the calcite precipitation on the intertidal sediments. Although bacterial remains are rarely preserved in beachrocks, this study shows how bacterial activity should be taken into account in beachrock development in coastal environmentsMinisterio de Educación y Ciencia, proyecto MICROBENTOS (CTM2006-04015/MAR

Diffuse illuminance availability on horizontal and vertical surfaces at Madrid, Spain

The overall objective of this work is to provide diffuse illuminance availability at Madrid (Spain) through a statistical analysis of illuminance values corresponding to a long-term data series. The illuminance values are obtained from irradiance measurements by means of different empirical models for luminous efficacy. The values of diffuse illuminance on a horizontal and on vertical surfaces facing the four cardinal points are estimated and the different aspects related to daylight availability in an area with specific climatic conditions are analyzed. The experimental data consist of global and diffuse irradiance measurements on a horizontal surface provided by the National Meteorological Agency in Spain (AEMET) for Madrid. These data consist of hourly values measured in the period of 1980–2005. The statistical results derived correspond to a daylight typical year for the five surfaces considered. This information will be useful to building experts to estimate natural illumination availability when daylighting techniques are applied in building design with the main aim of electric energy savings

Fiesta y poder. Aportaciones historiográficas al estudio de las ceremonias políticas en su desarrollo histórico

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Mujeres de Maya (Carhuaz, Áncash): cambios intergeneracionales e itinerarios para la atención del embarazo y del parto

El presente estudio etnográfico aborda dos temas vinculados e interdependientes: cambios intergeneracionales, e itinerarios para la atención del embarazo y del parto. Se identifican y analizan las rutas que siguen las mujeres de dos diferentes generaciones en la comunidad de Maya (Áncash) para la atención del embarazo y el parto en el marco de las políticas de salud centradas en la promoción del parto institucional y los cambios ocurridos en el contexto rural local que inciden en las trayectorias de vida de las mujeres. Si bien el parto institucional se constituye en una norma que marca los itinerarios que siguen las mujeres de dos diferentes generaciones de la comunidad de Maya para la atención del embarazo y el parto, ellas hacen uso de distintos repertorios de acuerdo con sus necesidades y deseos, sobre todo, en lo que respecta a los cuidados durante el embarazo y posteriores al parto. A pesar de los obstáculos que enfrentan las mujeres de Maya, su agencia les permite construir caminos sobre la base de saberes y de vínculos, los que se entrelazan para configurar redes de apoyo que actúan en cualquier momento del proceso del embarazo. De este modo, siguen vigentes prácticas de cuidado y de sanación para una mujer embarazada, que se realizan de manera paralela al sistema de salud oficial, lo que genera una relación tensa entre las mujeres de Maya y el personal de salud

A multiproxy study distinguishes environmental change from diagenetic alteration in the recent sedimentary record of the inner Cadiz Bay (SW Spain)

In this study, we reconstruct the recent environmental evolution of the inner Cadiz Bay using sedimentary records reaching back as far as AD 1700. We report lithological descriptions of the sediments and extensive mineralogical and geochemical analyses. An extraction technique that identifies different Fe phases provides an assessment of diagenetic alteration, which allows an estimation of the original organic matter inputs to the inner Cadiz Bay. Downcore variations in Corg/N ratios, δ13Corg and δ15N are related to changes in organic matter sources and the trophic state of the water column. The downcore records of selected trace metals (e.g. Pb, Zn and Cu) are interpreted to reflect changes in heavy metal pollution in the bay, while records of other elements (e.g. Mn and P) are likely overprinted by diagenetic alteration. Major environmental shifts took place during the 20th century, when the population around Cadiz Bay increased exponentially. Increases in sediment accumulation rates, organic matter inputs and heavy metal contents, in parallel with increases in δ13Corg and δ15N over this period, are interpreted as direct effects of the increasing anthropogenic influence in the area. The results of this study suggest that multiproxy approaches and detailed consideration of diagenetic overprinting are required to reconstruct past environmental conditions from coastal sediments