17 research outputs found

    Sechs Eckpunkte für eine Reform des Klimaschutzgesetzes

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    SECHS ECKPUNKTE FÜR EINE REFORM DES KLIMASCHUTZGESETZES Sechs Eckpunkte für eine Reform des Klimaschutzgesetzes / Graichen, Patrick (Rights reserved) ( -

    Leads in Arctic pack ice enable early phytoplankton blooms below snow-covered sea ice

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    © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 7 (2017): 40850, doi:10.1038/srep40850.The Arctic icescape is rapidly transforming from a thicker multiyear ice cover to a thinner and largely seasonal first-year ice cover with significant consequences for Arctic primary production. One critical challenge is to understand how productivity will change within the next decades. Recent studies have reported extensive phytoplankton blooms beneath ponded sea ice during summer, indicating that satellite-based Arctic annual primary production estimates may be significantly underestimated. Here we present a unique time-series of a phytoplankton spring bloom observed beneath snow-covered Arctic pack ice. The bloom, dominated by the haptophyte algae Phaeocystis pouchetii, caused near depletion of the surface nitrate inventory and a decline in dissolved inorganic carbon by 16 ± 6 g C m−2. Ocean circulation characteristics in the area indicated that the bloom developed in situ despite the snow-covered sea ice. Leads in the dynamic ice cover provided added sunlight necessary to initiate and sustain the bloom. Phytoplankton blooms beneath snow-covered ice might become more common and widespread in the future Arctic Ocean with frequent lead formation due to thinner and more dynamic sea ice despite projected increases in high-Arctic snowfall. This could alter productivity, marine food webs and carbon sequestration in the Arctic Ocean.This study was supported by the Centre for Ice, Climate and Ecosystems (ICE) at the Norwegian Polar Institute, the Ministry of Climate and Environment, Norway, the Research Council of Norway (projects Boom or Bust no. 244646, STASIS no. 221961, CORESAT no. 222681, CIRFA no. 237906 and AMOS CeO no. 223254), and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norway (project ID Arctic), the ICE-ARC program of the European Union 7th Framework Program (grant number 603887), the Polish-Norwegian Research Program operated by the National Centre for Research and Development under the Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2009–2014 in the frame of Project Contract Pol-Nor/197511/40/2013, CDOM-HEAT, and the Ocean Acidification Flagship program within the FRAM- High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Norway

    MEDIATISATION D'UN SYSTEME PLURIDOMANIAL. LE MODELE DE LA PRESSE ALLEMANDE. L'EXEMPLE DU FOOTBALL

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    LA PRESSE ECRITE ALLEMANDE CONSACRE UNE PART IMPORTANTE DE SA PAGINATION A DEVELOPPER LES DIFFERENTS ASPECTS D'UN MACROSYSTEME CONSTITUE PAR UN SPORT FORTEMENT MEDIATISE EN EUROPE, LE FOOTBALL. CENTRES SUR L'EQUIPE EN TANT QUE SYSTEME, LES ARTICLES DE PRESSE REVELENT LA RICHESSE DES MOYENS LINGUISTIQUES AUXQUELS LES JOURNALISTES ONT RECOURS POUR LA DESCRIPTION DE SITUATIONS LUDIQUES, PARALUDIQUESOU EXTRALUDIQUES, ETC. LA THESE COMPORTE QUATRE PARTIES: PARTIE 1 'SYSTEMIQUE', PARTIE II 'SEMIOLOGIE', PARTIE III 'SEMANTIQUE', ET PARTIE IV 'RHETORIQUE'. LA SYSTEMIQUE PERMET UNE APPROCHE GLOBALE DU MACROSYSTEME ET UNE MISE EN RELIEF DES INTERACTIONS DES ACTEURS ET DES INSTITUTIONS. ELLE SERVIRA EGALEMENT DE METHODE POUR L'ETUDE DES DOMAINES CONCERNES PAR LA COMMUNICATION IN SITU ET MEDIATIQUE.LA SEMIOLOGIE S'ATTACHE A DECRIRE LES MOYENS ET MODALITES DE COMMUNICATION IN SITU, EN PARTICULIER LES MODALITES DEONTIQUES, SUR LES PLAN DIACHRONIQUE ET SYNCHRONIQUE, QU'IL S'AGISSE DES MOYENS DE SIGNALISATION PERMANENTE HORIZONTALE ET VERTICALE SUR LE TERRAIN, OU PONCTUELS, VISUELS OU SONORES, DES ACTEURS. DANS LA SEMANTIQUE SPATIALE, UN IMPORTANT CORPUS A PERMIS DE METTRE UN EVIDENCE LA GRANDERICHESSE DES MOYENS LINGUISTIQUES DU LOCUTEUR ALLEMAND POUR LOCALISER DES REPERES FIXES, OU DES REPERES MOBILES (JOUEURS, BALLON) PAR RAPPORT A DES REPERES FIXES OU MOBILES, DANS UN MONDE TRIDIMENSIONNEL CARACTERISE PAR DES OPPOSITIONS ESSENTIELLEMENT ANTIPODALES. LA RHETORIQUE A POUR OBJET L'ETUDE DES TROIS TROPES PRINCIPAUX : METAPHORE, METONYMIE ET SYNECDOQUE. EN CE QUI CONCERNE LA PREMIERE CATEGORIE, SEULE LA METAPHORE DE SPATIALISATION A ETE RETENUE. EN REVANCHE, LES DEUX AUTRES CATEGORIES DONNENT LIEU A UNE ETUDE APPROFONDIE, D'AUTANT PLUS QU'ELLES CONSTITUENT UN POINT D'ABOUTISSEMENT, DANS LA MESURE OU LEUR CORPUS REPREND DE NOMBREUX ITEMS LEXICAUX PRESENTS DANS LE CORPUS RELATIF AUX AUTRES PARTIES DE LA THESE. CE TRAVAIL A PERMIS, ENTRE AUTRES, DE DEGAGER UN CERTAIN NOMBRE DE PRINCIPES SYSTEMIQUES ET DE FAIRE QUELQUES CONSTATS DONT NOUS NE CITERONS QUE LE CARACTERE NON ABSOLU DES OPPOSITIONS SPATIALES ET LA PERCEPTION OPPOSEE DE LA DROITE ET DE LA GAUCHE, DANS CERTAINES SITUATIONS, PAR RAPPORT A CERTAINS REPERES, PAR UN LOCUTEUR ALLEMAND ET UN LOCUTEUR FRANCAIS.STRASBOURG-B.N.U.S. (674821001) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Perceived Need Satisfaction through Mobility Resources

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    Stakeholders and procedures in the development of national training standards - a European comparative study

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    The design of vocational qualification standards is one of the key topics in current discussions and initiatives within reform processes of vocational education and training systems in Europe and worldwide. The BIBB research project addressed this issue and compared four countries with a dual training model - Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Denmark - and two countries with a predominantly school-based training system - Portugal and Slovakia. This publication presents and discusses the procedures for developing qualification standards in the six countries and the underlying governance structures as well as an analysis of the interaction patterns of the main actors in the dual countries. It ends with impulses for international VET cooperation, thus addressing VET policy-makers and stakeholders

    Perceived Mobility Need Satisfaction (PMNS) Scale - german

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    The Perceived Mobility Need Satisfaction (PMNS) scale is a psychometric instrument that can be used to assess the perception of need satisfaction through a mobility resource. The scale was developed based on the scientific work of Sheldon et al. (2001) and aims to measure seven key components of mobility need satisfaction: Autonomy, competence, relatedness, safety, money, physical well-being and pleasure. By assessing these dimensions, the PMNS scale provides insight into how individuals perceive their experience of mobility in different contexts, such as on-demand ridepooling. Focusing on individual experiences and psychological needs, the PMNS scale provides a tool for researchers and practitioners who want to understand and improve people's mobility experiences and promote positive transportation behaviors

    Bedürfnisse vs. Bedarfe: Bedürfnisorientierung als Konzept für eine erfolgreiche In-tegration des On-Demand-Verkehrs in den ÖPNV Lübecks

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    In diesem Beitrag wird das Konzept der Bedürfnisorientierung im Zusammenhang mit der In-tegration von On-Demand-Angeboten in den ÖPNV beleuchtet, illustriert am Beispiel des Lübecker Mobilitätsprojekts "in2Lübeck" mit dem On-Demand-Ridepooling-Angebot Lümo. Zentral ist hierbei die Fragestellung, wie bedürfnisorientierte Mobilitätslösungen die Zufrie-denheit und Attraktivität des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs, insbesondere außerhalb der Hauptverkehrszeiten, steigern können. Als innovatives Angebot ergänzt Lümo den traditionel-len öffentlichen Linienverkehr in Lübeck und verbindet die Flexibilität des eigenen Autos mit den Vorteilen des öffentlichen Nahverkehrs. Bei der Weiterentwicklung des Ridepooling-An-gebots in Lübeck steht primär die Berücksichtigung von Bedürfnissen wie dem Gefühl von Autonomie, Verbundenheit und Sicherheit im Vordergrund. Um diese Aspekte in der Mobilität messbar und quantifizierbar zu machen, wurde die Skala "Perceived Mobility Need Satisfac-tion" (PMNS) entwickelt. Die Ergebnisse einer umfangreichen Panelstudie zeigen, dass Ange-bote von On-Demand-Ridepooling wie Lümo in Bedürfnisbereichen wie Autonomie, Sicher-heit und Vergnügen, die Lücke zwischen dem privaten PKW und dem traditionellen Linienver-kehr schließen können. Damit kann einerseits der Weg geebnet sein für einen Verzicht auf den motorisierten Individualverkehr, und andererseits für den Umstieg auf öffentliche Verkehrsmit-tel. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass der On-Demand-Ridepooling-Verkehr eine viel-versprechende Ergänzung zum traditionellen Linienverkehr bietet und eine bedürfnisorientierte Weiterentwicklung dieses Angebots eine Schlüsselrolle der nachhaltigen Mobilitätswende spie-len kann

    Human neuron subtype programming through combinatorial patterning with scRNA-seq readouts

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    Human neurons programmed through transcription factor (TF) overexpression model neuronal differentiation and neurological diseases. However, programming specific neuron types remains challenging. Here, we modulate developmental signaling pathways combined with TF overexpression to explore the spectrum of neuron subtypes generated from pluripotent stem cells. We screened 480 morphogen signaling modulations coupled with NGN2 or ASCL1/DLX2 induction using a multiplexed single-cell transcriptomic readout. Analysis of 700,000 cells identified diverse excitatory and inhibitory neurons patterned along the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes of neural tube development. We inferred signaling and TF interaction networks guiding differentiation of forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, spinal cord, peripheral sympathetic and sensory neurons. Our approach provides a strategy for cell subtype programming and to investigate how cooperative signaling drives neuronal fate
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