Moriscos, gender, and the politics of religión in 16th and 17th Century Spain

Los moriscos experimentaron una política religiosa en la España de los siglo XVI y XVII que a la vez les empoderaba y les desempoderaba. Mientras las autoridades cristianas usaron de manera creciente la ortodoxia religiosa para definir el nuevo estado emergente, los moriscos se volvieron hacia sus hogares donde preservaron muchas prácticas de su identidad hispano-musulmana. La documentación de archivo y la literatura del periodo revelan el liderazgo de muchas mujeres moriscas en esta resistencia doméstica.Moriscos experienced a politics of religion in 16th and 17th- century Spain that both empowered and disempowered them. As Christian authorities increasingly used religious orthodoxy to define their newly emerging state, Moriscos withdrew into their homes where they preserved many practices of their Hispano-Muslim identity. Archival documents and writings of the period reveal the leading roles that many morisco women played in this domestic resistance

Creating Quality Undergraduate Research Programs in Economics: How, when, where (and why)

While undergraduate research (UR) has been growing across the academy for decades, economics has been relatively slow to adopt it as pedagogy. We argue for the development of comprehensive UR programs that not only require capstone research experiences, but integrate the development of foundational research skills throughout the curriculum. Fundamentally, there is a hierarchy whereby students learn basic research skills in lower-level courses, develop ability integrating content knowledge and research skills in upper-levels, and produce independent or collaborative research projects in later semesters. Successful UR programs depend on understanding this developmental model, integrating it into the curriculum, and taking advantage of resources to support it. To facilitate such improvements, we make six recommendations for departments to consider when building or strengthening their UR environment.undergraduate research, senior thesis, honors thesis, service learning, active learningQuality UGR

Moriscos, género y la política religiosa de la España de los siglos XVI y XVII

Artículo de la sección: Varia.Los moriscos experimentaron una política religiosa en la España de los siglo XVI y XVII que a la vez les empoderaba y les desempoderaba. Mientras las autoridades cristianas usaron de manera creciente la ortodoxia religiosa para definir el nuevo estado emergente, los moriscos se volvieron hacia sus hogares donde preservaron muchas prácticas de su identidad hispano-musulmana. La documentación de archivo y la literatura del periodo revelan el liderazgo de muchas mujeres moriscas en esta resistencia doméstica.Moriscos experienced a politics of religion in 16th and 17th century Spain that both empowered and disempowered them. As Christian authorities increasingly used religious orthodoxy to define their newly emerging state, Moriscos withdrew into their homes where they preserved many practices of their Hispano-Muslim identity. Archival documents and writings of the period reveal the leading roles that many morisco women played in this domestic resistance.Departamento de Historia Moderna y de América, Universidad de Granada

The relationship between teacher morale and perceived leader behavior in the junior high schools of a selected metropolitan district in Oklahoma.

Methodology. Two instruments, the Purdue Teacher Opinionaire and the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire-Form XII, were uProblem. The problem of this study was to determine and analyze the factors of two concepts--teacher morale and leader behavior and the relationship between them

Ni espada rota ni mujer que trota: mujer y desorden social en la Sevilla del Siglo de Oro [reseña]

"Susana, hija de un acaudalado rabino de Sevilla, traicionó al grupo. Enamorada de un cristiano llamado Guzmán, le hizo saber que un grupo de conversos iba a encontrarse en su casa con su padre para hablar de resistencia frente a la Inquisición. El Santo Oficio actuó rápidamente y condenó al padre y a otros seis converos a ser "relajados", o entregados a las autoridades seculares para que fuesen quemados como apóstatas. Susana según se decía entró en un convento arrepentida por su traición y más tarde salió para terminar sus días en la pobreza y en la deshonra" (Texto de una leyenda sevillana ps. 11 y 12). El propósito de la autora fue revelar el significado del género para el orden social en Sevilla durante un periodo en que las relaciones sociales se hicieron muy complejas. La ciudad durante la Contrareforma ofrece un ejemplo de un patriarcado en crisis. Los funcionarios se vieron obligados a responder a un gobierno central en pleno creciento, a un imperio en expansión, a un capitalismo en desarrollo, al incremento de la población, a los ataques contra los poderes eclesiásticos. El sistema político reforzó la autoridad. Los reglamentos sobre los oficios se hicieron más estrictos. Se reafirmaron los esfuerzos de enclaustramiento de las mujeres en el hogar, en los conventos y en los burdeles (p.2l). Por la participación del puerto fluvial sevillano en la ocupación española del Nuevo Mundo, su población se multiplicó rápidamente. Hacia finales del siglo XVI Sevilla era la cuarta ciudad más grande de Europa ya que superaba los 100.000 habitantes. Sus funciones se modificaron y se convirtió ella capital comercial del imperio hispano. Las mujeres asumieron el gobierno de sus hogares mientras sus padres y esposos emprendieron la aventura de la conquista y la colonización americana. Por eso un embajador veneciano escribió que Sevilla se había convertido en una ciudad en poder de las mujeres. Elizabeth Perry demuestra que los funcionarios que permanecieron en el gobierno de la ciudad, contaron con recursos suficientes para evitar la suplantación de los poderes patriarcales

The effect of a peer-led problem-support mentor intervention on self-harm and violence in prison : an interrupted time series analysis using routinely collected prison data

Background: Levels of mental disorder, self-harm and violent behaviour are higher in prisons than in the community. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a brief peer-led problem-support mentor intervention could reduce the incidence of self-harm and violence in an English prison. Methods: An existing intervention was adapted using a theory of change model and eligible prisoners were trained to become problem-support mentors. Delivery of the intervention took two forms: (i) promotion of the intervention to fellow prisoners, offering support and raising awareness of the intervention but not delivering the skills and (ii) delivery of the problem-solving therapy skills to selected individual prisoners. Training and intervention adherence was measured using mentor log books. We used an Interrupted Time Series (ITS) design utilizing prison data over a 31 month period. Three ITS models and sensitivity analyses were used to address the impact across the whole prison and in the two groups by intervention delivery. Outcomes included self-harm and violent behaviour. Routine data were collected at monthly intervals 16 months pre-, 10 months during and six months post-intervention. Qualitative data measured the acceptability, feasibility, impact and sustainability of the intervention. A matched case-control study followed people after release to assess the feasibility of formal evaluation of the impact on re-offending up to 16 months. Findings: Our causal map identified that mental health and wellbeing in the prison were associated with environmental and social factors. We found a significant reduction in the incidence of self-harm for those receiving the full problem-solving therapy skills. No significant reduction was found for incidence of violent behaviour. Interpretation: Universal prison-wide strategies should consider a series of multi-level interventions to address mental health and well-being in prisons

The Grizzly, October 22, 1982

Ferry Named Ursinus Queen • Unique Course Offered • U.C. Choir Presents Bach • Night School Enrollment Up • 1983 Spring Registration • Letters to the Editor • President\u27s Corner • Lewis on Wall Street • Half a Great Show • Watching the Boob Tube • Homecoming \u2782 • And to Prove My Point • New Bus Schedule • Washington Semester: Get Out of Here • Bear Pack Falls to Stiff Competition • Soccer Conquers Albright and Alumni • Grapplers Take to the Mats • Grizzlies Suffer Homecoming Setback • Delaware tops Lady Bearshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1085/thumbnail.jp

Design and descriptive epidemiology of the Infectious Diseases of East African Livestock (IDEAL) project, a longitudinal calf cohort study in western Kenya

BACKGROUND: There is a widely recognised lack of baseline epidemiological data on the dynamics and impacts of infectious cattle diseases in east Africa. The Infectious Diseases of East African Livestock (IDEAL) project is an epidemiological study of cattle health in western Kenya with the aim of providing baseline epidemiological data, investigating the impact of different infections on key responses such as growth, mortality and morbidity, the additive and/or multiplicative effects of co-infections, and the influence of management and genetic factors. A longitudinal cohort study of newborn calves was conducted in western Kenya between 2007-2009. Calves were randomly selected from all those reported in a 2 stage clustered sampling strategy. Calves were recruited between 3 and 7 days old. A team of veterinarians and animal health assistants carried out 5-weekly, clinical and postmortem visits. Blood and tissue samples were collected in association with all visits and screened using a range of laboratory based diagnostic methods for over 100 different pathogens or infectious exposures. RESULTS: The study followed the 548 calves over the first 51 weeks of life or until death and when they were reported clinically ill. The cohort experienced a high all cause mortality rate of 16% with at least 13% of these due to infectious diseases. Only 307 (6%) of routine visits were classified as clinical episodes, with a further 216 reported by farmers. 54% of calves reached one year without a reported clinical episode. Mortality was mainly to east coast fever, haemonchosis, and heartwater. Over 50 pathogens were detected in this population with exposure to a further 6 viruses and bacteria. CONCLUSION: The IDEAL study has demonstrated that it is possible to mount population based longitudinal animal studies. The results quantify for the first time in an animal population the high diversity of pathogens a population may have to deal with and the levels of co-infections with key pathogens such as Theileria parva. This study highlights the need to develop new systems based approaches to study pathogens in their natural settings to understand the impacts of co-infections on clinical outcomes and to develop new evidence based interventions that are relevant

Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height

Most common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 600 variants associated with human traits, but these typically explain small fractions of phenotypic variation, raising questions about the use of further studies. Here, using 183,727 individuals, we show that hundreds of genetic variants, in at least 180 loci, influence adult height, a highly heritable and classic polygenic trait. The large number of loci reveals patterns with important implications for genetic studies of common human diseases and traits. First, the 180 loci are not random, but instead are enriched for genes that are connected in biological pathways (P = 0.016) and that underlie skeletal growth defects (P < 0.001). Second, the likely causal gene is often located near the most strongly associated variant: in 13 of 21 loci containing a known skeletal growth gene, that gene was closest to the associated variant. Third, at least 19 loci have multiple independently associated variants, suggesting that allelic heterogeneity is a frequent feature of polygenic traits, that comprehensive explorations of already-discovered loci should discover additional variants and that an appreciable fraction of associated loci may have been identified. Fourth, associated variants are enriched for likely functional effects on genes, being over-represented among variants that alter amino-acid structure of proteins and expression levels of nearby genes. Our data explain approximately 10% of the phenotypic variation in height, and we estimate that unidentified common variants of similar effect sizes would increase this figure to approximately 16% of phenotypic variation (approximately 20% of heritable variation). Although additional approaches are needed to dissect the genetic architecture of polygenic human traits fully, our findings indicate that GWA studies can identify large numbers of loci that implicate biologically relevant genes and pathways.

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy