Folk and Popular Music of Brazil

Both general interest in Brazilian popular music in North America and pertinent research agendas in Brazil and abroad have led to varied new publications. In the musical arena itself, vital new phenomena have appeared, and international attention to Brazil\u27s popular music has significantly increased. As far as sound recording is concerned, the past decade has witnessed the consolidation of the digital age, and the CD has become the preferred vehicle, though the limited buying power of the bulk of the Brazilian population has determined the continued mass manufacture of cassette tapes as well as vinyl LPs in Brazil. In sum, changing conditions of production and consumption, fresh ideas and styles in music-making, and on-going efforts in scholarship, all validate the present revised and expanded edition of the specialized bibliography

O imperativo da invenção: poesia concreta brasileira e criação intersemiótica

"O imperativo da invenção: poesia concreta brasileira e criação intersemiótica", de Charles A. Perrone. Tradução de Rafael Silva Lemos. O artigo aborda a relação entre os passos dados pelo movimento de poesia concreta e os acontecimentos políticos do Brasil pós-guerra, sublinhando a constante atualização do movimento de vanguarda em relação ao meios tecnológicos disponíveis e de como esta constante pesquisa desdobra-se nas gerações seguintes da poesia visual brasileira.  

A terceira margem do diabo: a recepção norte-americana da obra de João Guimarães Rosa

O presente trabalho visa avaliar assuntos significativos da fortuna crítica de João Guimarães Rosa (JGR) envolvendo a tradução, a reação pública, a recepção jornalística, a crítica acadêmica, e o ensino universitário na América do Norte. O escritor se preocupava com todos os detalhes da recepção no exterior, intervinha no processo da tradução, e mantinha correspondência com os tradutores. As versões para a língua inglesa não tiveram sucesso editorial. Atribuir isto à baixa qualidade das traduções, sobretudo a de Grande Sertão: Veredas, é simplificar a realidade. Os livros receberam um apoio especial de um editor enérgico nos EUA, e a maioria das resenhas foram bastante positivas. Além de fatores mercadológicos, a fortuna de JGR nos EUA como autor e como objeto de estudo tem tido muito a ver com o caráter único dos originais e com o relacionamento de JGR com o boom da narrativa hispano-americana. Houve naturais limitações na crítica jornalística nos anos 60, mas desde então JGR mantém uma presença em currículos universitários e na crítica acadêmica especializada, tanto comparatista quanto brasilianista, incluindo professores brasileiros residentes ou visitantes. Ponderam-se possibilidades de expansão dos estudos rosianos. Palavras-chave: Guimarães Rosa; Grande Sertão: Veredas; recepção; tradução

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplemental material in the ancillary file

Common and rare variant association analyses in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis identify 15 risk loci with distinct genetic architectures and neuron-specific biology

A cross-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) including 29,612 patients with ALS and 122,656 controls identifies 15 risk loci with distinct genetic architectures and neuron-specific biology. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with a lifetime risk of one in 350 people and an unmet need for disease-modifying therapies. We conducted a cross-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 29,612 patients with ALS and 122,656 controls, which identified 15 risk loci. When combined with 8,953 individuals with whole-genome sequencing (6,538 patients, 2,415 controls) and a large cortex-derived expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) dataset (MetaBrain), analyses revealed locus-specific genetic architectures in which we prioritized genes either through rare variants, short tandem repeats or regulatory effects. ALS-associated risk loci were shared with multiple traits within the neurodegenerative spectrum but with distinct enrichment patterns across brain regions and cell types. Of the environmental and lifestyle risk factors obtained from the literature, Mendelian randomization analyses indicated a causal role for high cholesterol levels. The combination of all ALS-associated signals reveals a role for perturbations in vesicle-mediated transport and autophagy and provides evidence for cell-autonomous disease initiation in glutamatergic neurons