The impact of the euro on euro area GDP per capita

Este artículo aborda la siguiente pregunta: ¿cuál habría sido el PIB per cápita del área del euro si no se hubiese creado la unión monetaria? Para intentar contestarla, utilizamos la metodología de control sintético [Abadie y Gardeázabal (2003) y Abadie et al. (2010)]. Nuestros resultados señalan que el euro no trajo consigo el salto esperado hacia una senda de crecimiento mayor del PIB per cápita. Durante los primeros años de la unión monetaria, el PIB per cápita del área avanzó ligeramente por encima de la senda predicha por su contrafactualpero desde mediados del 2000 estas ganancias desaparecieron completamente. Los países de Europa central —Alemania, Países Bajos y Austria— siguieron una pauta muy similar a la del agregado. Sin embargo, entre los países de la periferia obtenemos resultados heterogéneos. Irlanda, España y Grecia registraron ganancias positivas y significativas, aunque solo durante los años de expansión inmediatamente posteriores al lanzamiento del euro. Por su parte, Italia y Portugal registraron desde el primer momento una senda de PIB per cápita inferior a la prevista por sus contrafactuales. En el estudio se comprueba la robustez de la estimación sintética no solo a la exclusión de países de la bolsa de donantes, sino también tanto a la exclusión como a la reducción del número de variables explicativas del PIB per cápitaThis paper poses the following question: what would euro area GDP per capita have been, had the monetary union not been launched? To this end we use the synthetic control methodology. We find that the euro did not bring the expected jump to a permanent higher growth path. During the early years of the monetary union, aggregate GDP per capita in the euro area rose slightly above the path predicted by its counterfactualbut since the mid- 2000s, these gains have been completely eroded. Central European countries – Germany, the Netherlands and Austria – did not seem to obtain any gains or losses from the adoption of the euro. Ireland, Spain and Greece registered positive and significant gains, but only during the expansionary years that followed the launch of the euro, while Italy and Portugal quickly lagged behind the GDP per capita predicted by their counterfactual. We test the robustness of the synthetic estimation not only to the exclusion of any particular country from the donor pool but also to the omission of each of the selected determinants of GDP per capita and to the reduction of the dimensions in the optimisation programme, namely the number of GDP determinant

Atención y procesamiento emocional en personas con trastorno bipolar

Las personas con trastorno bipolar se caracterizan por una desregulación emocional que afecta a cómo atienden a la información que les rodea. Investigaciones recientes han encontrado sesgos atencionales en las personas con trastorno bipolar, tanto cuando su estado de ánimo es bajo (mayor atención a palabras negativas y rostros tristes) como cuando su estado de ánimo es elevado (mayor atención a palabras positivas y caras alegres). Es importante destacar que, en personas con depresión, estos sesgos pueden entrenarse de manera que disminuye la sintomatología afectiva. Esta opción podría contemplarse como una nueva alternativa de intervención en el trastorno bipolar

El empleo en la UEM en 2013

Artículo de revist

El empleo en la UEM en 2013

Artículo de revist

La colección «Plantes De La Province De Grenada» de Pedro del Campo, en el herbario del Real Colegio Alfonso XII de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid (España)

CARRASCO, M. A., PEREA, D., ARAGÓN, C. F. & GARCÍA-CAMACHO, R. 2002. La Colección «Plantes de da Province de Grenada» de Pedro del Campo, en el herbario del Real Colegio Alfonso XII de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid (España). Bot. Complutensis 26: 93-103. En este trabajo presentamos una colección de plantas con interés histórico hallada en el herbario del Real Colegio Alfonso XII de San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid). Fueron recolectadas en Granada por Pedro del Campo, distribuidas por E. Bourgeau en sus exsiccata de 1852 y utilizadas por Willkomm y Lange para establecer la distribución de las especies en la obra Prodromus florae hispanicae, según consta expresamente en ella. Además, muchos de estos materiales proceden de las localidades clásicas citadas por Boissier.CARRASCO, M. A., PEREA, D., ARAGÓN, C. F. & GARCÍA-CAMACHO, R. 2002. The sets «Plantes de la Province de Grenada» from Pedro del Campo, in the herbarium of Real Colegio Alfonso XII of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid, Spain). Bot. Complutensis 26: 93-103. This paper focuses on a set of plants, found in the Real Colegio Alfonso XII historical herbarium of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid). These plants which belonged to Pedro del Campo, were distributed in exsiccata by Bourgeau in 1852. The historical importance of these sheets is enhanced as they were used for Willkomm and Lange in order to establish the species corology in the classic Prodromus florae hispanicae, as clearly stated in that work. Furthermore, many of these sheets were collected in the localities cited by Boissier

Attentional biases toward emotional images in the different episodes of bipolar disorder: An eye-tracking study.

Attentional biases toward emotional information may represent vulnerability and maintenance factors in bipolar disorder (BD). The present experimental study examined the processing of emotional information in BD patients using the eyetracking technology. Bipolar patients in their different states (euthymia, mania, depression) simultaneously viewed four pictures with different emotional valence (happy, neutral, sad, threatening for 20 s while their eye movements were monitored. A group of healthy individuals served as the control. The data revealed the following: (i) a decrease in attention to happy images in BD patients in their depressive episodes compared to healthy individuals, and (ii) an increase in attention to threatening images in BD patients (regardless of their episode) relative to the healthy controls. These biases appeared in the late stages of information processing and were sustained over the 20 s interval. Thus, the present findings reveal that attentional biases toward emotional information can be a key feature of BD, in that:(i) an anhedonic lack of sensitivity to positive stimuli during the bipolar depressive episode may be considered a maintaining factor of this clinical state, and (ii) the trait-bias toward threat, even in asymptomatic patients, may reflect a marker of vulnerability in BD

Digital accessibility skills in students of master’s course on e-learning

La formación de futuros docentes en materia de accesibilidad digital es muy relevante, ya que permite garantizar que personas con discapacidad, mayores y otros colectivos con riesgo de exclusión social, puedan acceder a los procesos educativos mediados por las tecnologías de la información y del conocimiento. Sin embargo, pareciera que no se contempla como parte de la oferta formativa. El objetivo del presente trabajo se centra en identificar los conocimientos en accesibilidad digital de los que parten los alumnos en una titulación de maestría orientada a instruirse como profesionales en el diseño tecnopedagógico de acciones formativas desarrolladas en modalidad e-learning. Para su desarrollo, se ha llevado a cabo un test de autodiagnóstico en accesibilidad digital sobre un grupo de 49 estudiantes de máster. A raíz de los resultados obtenidos, se han orientado los objetivos de la asignatura de accesibilidad contemplada en el máster para potenciar el desarrollo de competencias en esta materia.The training of future teachers in digital accessibility matter´s is very relevant, since it allows guaranteeing that people with disabilities, old people and other groups at risk of social exclusion, can access educational processes though information and knowledge technologies. However, it seems that it is not considered as part of the training offer. The aim of the present work has focused on identifying the knowledge in digital accessibility of the students in a master’s course aimed at educating themselves as professionals in the techno-pedagogical design of training actions developed in e-learning mode. For its development, a self-diagnostic test on digital accessibility was carried out on a group of 49 master students. As a result of the obtained results, the objectives of the accessibility subject contemplated in the master have been oriented to promote the development of skills in this matter

La implantación de las tecnologías en el mercado laboral

El trabajo se estructura en seis capítulos comenzando sobre la legislación sobre las nuevas tecnologías y las medidas tomadas por Europa para afrontar esta nueva era.En el capítulo segundo lo centramos en la Web 2.0, analizando a través de tres puntos, lo qué es, como es su implantación en la empresa, así como una entrevista hacia un pequeño grupo de emprendedores que aprovechando este boom tecnológico ha decidido centrarse en esta actividad.En el siguiente capítulo, se trata el tema del registro de la jornada, así como las diferentes tecnologías utilizadas para el mismo, unido a la obligatoriedad de su implantación que se exige a las empresas.En el cuarto capítulo, debido a la veloz implantación de las tecnologías en las empresas, hablamos del derecho de dirección y control del empresario, y su enfrentamiento con el derecho a la intimidad de los trabajadores.El quinto capítulo hace referencia a empresas como Glovo y Deliveroo, las cuales han implantado innovadores sistemas de gestión que no cumplen completamente con la legislación, pero a su vez dan una nueva visión de negocio el cual no se había regulado.Finalmente analizaremos los capítulos anteriormente estudiados en las conclusiones.<br /

Detection of mild cognitive impairment in people older than 65 years of age and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors (DECRIVAM)

[ENG]Background: Studies centered on the detection of cognitive impairment and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors in elderly people have gained special relevance in recent years. Knowledge of the cardiovascular risk factors that may be associated to cognitive impairment could be very useful for introducing treatments in early stagesthereby possibly contributing to improve patient quality of life. The present study explores cognitive performance in people over 65 years of age in Salamanca (Spain), with special emphasis on the identification of early symptoms of cognitive impairment, with the purpose of detecting mild cognitive impairment and of studying the relationships between this clinical situation and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods/Design: A longitudinal study is contemplated. The reference population will consist of 420 people over 65 years of age enrolled through randomized sampling stratified by healthcare area, and who previously participated in another study. Measurement: a) Sociodemographic variables; b) Cardiovascular risk factors; c) Comorbidity; d) Functional level for daily life activities; and e) Study of higher cognitive functions based on a neuropsychological battery especially adapted to the evaluation of elderly people. Discussion: We hope that this study will afford objective information on the representative prevalence of cognitive impairment in the population over 65 years of age in Salamanca. We also hope to obtain data on the relationship between cognitive impairment and cardiovascular risk factors in this specific population group. Based on the results obtained, we also will be able to establish the usefulness of some of the screening tests applied during the study, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and the 7 Minute Screen test. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT0132719

Association of polyps with early-onset colorectal cancer and throughout surveillance: Novel clinical and molecular implications

Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is an increasing and worrisome entity. The aim of this study was to analyze its association with polyps concerning prognosis and surveillance. EOCRC cases were compared regarding the presence or absence of associated polyps (clinical and molecular features), during a minimum of 7 years of follow-up. Of 119 cases, 56 (47%) did not develop polyps (NP group), while 63 (53%) did (P group). The NP group showed a predominant location of the CRC in the rectum (50%), of sporadic cases (54%), and diagnosis at advanced stages: Only P53 and SMARCB1 mutations were statistically linked to this group. The P group, including mainly early-diagnosed tumors, was linked with the most frequent and differential altered chromosomal regions in the array comparative genomic hybridization. The two most frequent groups according to the follow-up were the NP group (40%), and patients developing polyps in the first 5 years of follow-up (P 5FU) showed a mucinous component (50%). Our results show that the absence or presence of polyps in EOCRC is an important prognostic factor with differential phenotypes. The development of polyps during surveillance shows that it is necessary to extend the follow-up time, also in those cases with microsatellite-stable EOCRCThis work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Health and ConsumerA airs and FEDER, grant number PI10/00683 and PI16/01650 to J.P.G., PI16/01920 to R.G.S., and PI14/00459 to M.U., and by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, grant number R01 CA72851, CA18172, CA184792 and U01 CA187956 to A.G