A cultura e a economia em agência: estudo de caso da Lusa

Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Jornalismo.O presente relatório, como dissertação final do mestrado em Jornalismo da Escola Superior de comunicação Social, reporta-se ao estágio realizado pelo seu autor na Agência Lusa, no período situado entre 20 de fevereiro e 19 de maio de 2017. Através de realização e análise de um registo do processo de inserção e dos quotidianos da prática jornalística, cruzada com a informação suportada na revisão de literatura, procurou-se desenvolver uma reflexão crítica sobre uma experiência de jornalismo de agência. O texto enuncia, no primeiro capítulo, uma reflexão sobre a condição de estagiário, a sua relação com o processo de integração e aprendizagem proporcionado e desenvolve os recursos metodológicos considerados mais adequados para suportar este trabalho, nomeadamente pelas metodologias de maior envolvimento – caso concreto da etnografia – e, de forma complementar, pelo recurso à entrevista e, pontualmente, ao levantamento documental. Num segundo momento, a dissertação procura historiar e caracterizar o fenómeno jornalístico nas agências noticiosas dando, compreensivelmente, particular destaque à Lusa, única agência noticiosa portuguesa, destacando a sua estrutura organizativa e funcional e refletindo sobre o seu caráter de entidade mediadora na obtenção de informação para os media nacionais. O terceiro capítulo apresenta o produto concreto do estágio realizado, através de uma matriz que inclui os elementos descritivos e os comentários que lhe foram oportunos no percurso do estágio. Constitui-se, efetivamente, como o caderno de campo – ou, melhor dizendo, da sua explanação, ordenando-se o seu texto em cinco colunas: a primeira refere a data, a segunda sumariza os tópicos tratados, a terceira contém a descrição do desenvolvimento de trabalho na Lusa, a quarta as já referidas notas e comentários e quinta e última remete os apontamentos realizados para as páginas dos capítulos seguintes ou das conclusões. Os quarto e quinto capítulos dão conta das duas áreas particularmente focadas no trabalho: a secção de Economia, onde teve domicílio efetivo a minha atividade, e a secção de Cultura, sobre a qual se reflete, de forma predominante, através de informações colhidas com recurso a observação e entrevistas. As conclusões, dado o caráter do percurso realizado – uma reflexão sobre o estágio – incluem as considerações sobre a natureza do jornalismo de agência, por um lado e, de forma sintética, um balanço sobre as aprendizagens que considerei importantes para a minha formação como jornalista. Um corpo de anexos agrega alguns documentos formais sobre o estágio, três entrevistas realizadas a jornalistas de referência na Lusa e um breve estudo de caso sobre a continuidade e permanência do tratamento editorial realizado na Lusa junto da produção noticiosa realizada pelo Correio da manhã e o Telejornal da RTP.ABSTRACT: This report, as a final dissertation of the master's degree in Journalism from the Superior School of Social Communication, reports to the intership carried out by its author in the Lusa Agency, during the period between february 20th and may 19th, 2017. Through the analysis of a register of the process of insertion and daily journalistic practice, cross-referenced with the information supported in the literature review, we sought to develop a critical reflection on an agency journalism experience. The text demonstrates, in the first chapter, a reflection on the condition of trainee, its relation with the process of integration and learning provided and develops the methodological resources considered more adequate to support this work, namely by the methodologies of greater involvement - concrete case of the ethnography - and, in a complementary way, by using the interview and, occasionally, the documentary survey. Secondly, the dissertation seeks to characterize and describe the journalistic phenomenon in the news agencies, giving, understandably, particular attention to Lusa, the only portuguese news agency, highlighting its organizational and functional structure and reflecting on its mediating entity in obtaining information for the national media. The third chapter presents the concrete product of the stage achieved, through a matrix that includes the descriptive elements and the comments that were appropriate in the course of the stage. It is effectively constituted as the field notebook - or, better said, its explanation, the text is sorted in five columns: the first refers to the date, the second summarizes the topics covered, the third contains the description of the development of work in Lusa, the fourth the aforementioned notes and comments and fifth and last refers the notes made to the pages of the following chapters or the conclusions. The fourth and fifth chapters, give an account of the two areas that are particularly focused on the work: the Economics section, where my activity was domiciled, and the Culture section, which is predominantly reflected through information gathered with recourse observation and interviews. The conclusions, given the nature of the course carried out - a reflection on the stage - include the considerations on the nature of agency journalism, on the one hand, and, in a summary form, a balance on the learning that I considered to converge for my training as a journalist. A body of annexes adds some formal documents from the internship, three interviews with leading journalists in Lusa and a brief case study on the continuity and permanence of the editorial treatment carried out in Lusa, along with the news production, carried out by the Correio da Manhã and the Telejornal of RTP.N/

Lámina Hd: ADEMd (Adult Development Eye Movement distractor)

La lámina Hd que incluye una actividad dual con mayor demanda cognitiva completa la funcionalidad del test ADEM, y se denomina el test con la incorporación de esta cuarta lámina como ADEMd. El test Adult Developmental Eye Movement (ADEM) consta de tres láminas, siendo la tarea leer en voz alta, lo más rápido que se pueda, las decenas de números presentes; las dos láminas verticales (V1 y V2) tiene 40 decenas de números cada una siendo la demanda oculomotora vertical, y la lámina horizontal (H) con 80 decenas de números siendo los movimientos oculomotores a desarrollar horizontales. En esta ocasión se incorpora una nueva lámina, denominada horizontal distractora (Hd), la cual demanda al sujeto movimientos oculares horizontales con una mayor atención que en la lámina previa H. La actividad a realizar en la lámina Hd exige una tarea dividida, debiendo atender simultáneamente, identificar y nombrar las 80 decenas de números, e identificar y no nombrar las letras presentes

Validation of a modified version of the adult developmental eye movement test

This study evaluates in terms of reliability, internal consistency, and validity a modification of the Adult Developmental Eye Movement (ADEM) test, ADEM with distractors (ADEMd), designed to analyse oculomotor system, visual processing and visual attentional behaviour. 302 healthy subjects participated in the study (20–86 years old). Intrasession repeatability was evaluated by analysing the correlation between the time needed to read different parts of the test. Inter-session analyses were carried in 40 subjects by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients and using the Bland–Altman method. Validity was assessed in the outcomes obtained according to age as well as investigating the correlation between ADEMd and attentional useful field of vision (UFOV) test. Correlation coefficients between times need to read each sheet were ≥ 0.95 (p < 0.001). The inter-session intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.81 in the horizontal distractor sheet to 0.97 in the vertical sheet. Bland–Altman analysis showed clinically acceptable limits of agreement. Statistically significant correlations were found between age and ADEMd outcomes (r ≥ 0.55, p < 0.001). Processing velocity, divided attention and selective attention measured with the UFOV were correlated with the horizontal distractor times (r ≥ 0.32, p < 0.001). ADEMd test may be a useful clinical tool to evaluate the combined interaction of ocular movements and visual attentional behaviour.The author David P. Piñero has been supported by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness of Spain within the program Ramón y Cajal, RYC-2016-20471

Translation and validation of Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) to Portuguese - psychometric results

Purpose: Translate and adapt the Convergence Insuficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) questionnaire to the Portuguese language and culture and assess the psychometric properties of the translated questionnaire (CISSvp). Methods: The CISS questionnaire was adapted according to the methodology recommended by some authors. The process involved two translations and back-translations performed by independent evaluators, evaluation of these versions, preparation of a synthesis version and its pre-test. The final version (CISSvp) was applied in 70 patients (21.79 ± 2.42 years) students in higher education, and at two different times, by two observers, to assess its reliability. Results: The results showed good internal consistency of the CISSvp (Cronbach's alpha - α=0.893). The test re-test revealed an average of the differences between the first and second evaluation of 0.75 points (SD ± 3.53), which indicates a minimum bias between the two administrations. The interrater reliability assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.880 to 0.952, revealing that the CISSvp represents an appropriate tool for measuring the visual discomfort associated with near vision tasks with a high level of reproducibility. Conclusions: The CISS Portuguese version, showed good psychometric properties and has been sown to be applicable to the Portuguese population, to quantify the visual discomfort associated with near vision, in higher education students

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Desempenho visual: validação do inventário de eficiência visual em estudantes

Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar transculturalmente o question&#225;rio COVD-QoL para a l&#237;ngua portuguesa e avaliar as propriedades psicom&#233;tricas do question&#225;rio traduzido. M&#233;todos: O question&#225;rio foi adaptado segundo a metodologia recomendada pela literatura. A vers&#227;o final do question&#225;rio de sintomas e efici&#234;ncia visual adaptado &#224; l&#237;ngua portuguesa (IEV &#8211; Invent&#225;rio de efici&#234;ncia visual) foi aplicada em 130 indiv&#237;duos, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 30 anos e 36 sujeitos responderam ao question&#225;rio em dois momentos distintos. Resultados: Os resultados evidenciam uma boa consist&#234;ncia interna tanto para a vers&#227;o completa, com 30 itens (&#945; = 0,894) como para a vers&#227;o curta, com 19 itens (0,858). O teste reteste revelou uma m&#233;dia de diferen&#231;as entre a primeira e a segunda avalia&#231;&#227;o de 0,917 pontos (SD=&#177;4,813) o que indica um vi&#233;s m&#237;nimo entre as duas administra&#231;&#245;es. Conclus&#227;o: O question&#225;rio traduzido, apresentou boas propriedades psicom&#233;tricas e demonstrou ser aplic&#225;vel &#224; popula&#231;&#227;o portuguesa, para se avaliar a efici&#234;ncia visual associada &#224; vis&#227;o de perto, em estudantes do ensino superior