Chronic prehepatic portal hypertension in the rat: is it a type of Metabolic Inflammatory Syndrome?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A progressive development of hepatic steatosis with an increase in the lipid hepatocyte content and the formation of megamitochondria have been demonstrated in rats with prehepatic portal hypertension. The aim of this study is to verify the existence of liver and serum lipid metabolism impairments in rats with long-term (2 years) portal hypertension.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Male Wistar rats: Control (n = 10) and with prehepatic portal hypertension by triple partial portal vein ligation (n = 9) were used. Liver content of Triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL) and cholesterol and serum cholesterol, lipoproteins (HDL and LDL), TG, glucose and Lipid Binding Protein (LBP) were assayed with specific colorimetric commercial kits. Serum levels of insulin and somatostatin were assayed by RIA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The liver content of TG (6.30 ± 1.95 <it>vs</it>. 4.17 ± 0.59 μg/ml; p < 0.01) and cholesterol (1.48 ± 0.15 <it>vs</it>. 1.10 ± 0.13 μg/ml; p < 0.001) increased in rats with portal hypertension. The serum levels of cholesterol (97.00+26.02 <it>vs</it>. 114.78 ± 37.72 mg/dl), TG (153.41 ± 80.39 <it>vs</it>. 324.39 ± 134.9 mg/dl; p < 0.01), HDL (20.45 ± 5.14 <it>vs</it>. 55.15 ± 17.47 mg/dl; p < 0.001) and somatostatin (1.32 ± 0.31 <it>vs</it>. 1.59 +0.37 mg/dl) decreased, whereas LDL (37.83 ± 15.39 <it>vs</it>. 16.77 ± 6.81 mg/dl; p < 0.001) and LBP (308.47 ± 194.53 <it>vs</it>. 60.27 ± 42.96 ng/ml; p < 0.001) increased.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Portal hypertension in the rat presents changes in the lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms similar to those produced in chronic inflammatory conditions and sepsis in humans. These underlying alterations could be involved in the development of hepatic steatosis and, therefore, in those described in the metabolic syndrome in humans.</p

Nuevos táxones para la Flora de la Montaña Palentina (España)

En este trabajo se aportan citas de plantas que, en la mayoría de los casos, constituyen novedades provinciales para Palencia o bien su presencia es muy escasa en el territorio que nos ocupa. Todos los táxones han sido herborizados en la zona norte de la provincia, concretamente en el Parque Natural de Fuentes Carrionas y Fuente Cobre - Montaña Palentina (fig.1).Los pliegos correspondientes se encuentran depositados en el Herbario LEBJaime Andrés Rodríguez de la Universidad de León. A continuación se relacionan por orden alfabético y se detallan los siguientes datos: localidad, coordenadas UTM, altitud, ecología, fecha de recolección, colectores y número de registro en el herbari

Nuevos táxones para la flora de la montaña palentina (España)

P. 309-313En este trabajo se aportan citas de plantas que, en la mayoría de los casos, constituyen novedades provinciales para Palencia o bien su presencia es muy escasa en el territorio que nos ocupa. Todos los táxones han sido herborizados en la zona norte de la provincia, concretamente en el Parque Natural de Fuentes Carrionas y Fuente Cobre - Montaña Palentina (fig.1). Los pliegos correspondientes se encuentran depositados en el Herbario LEBJaime Andrés Rodríguez de la Universidad de León. A continuación se relacionan por orden alfabético y se detallan los siguientes datos: localidad, coordenadas UTM, altitud, ecología, fecha de recolección, colectores y número de registro en el herbario.S

Genomic mutation profile in progressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients prior to first-line chemoimmunotherapy with FCR and rituximab maintenance (REM)

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent leukemia in Western countries and is notable for its variable clinical course. This variability is partly reflected by the mutational status of IGHV genes. Many CLL samples have been studied in recent years by next-generation sequencing. These studies have identified recurrent somatic mutations in NOTCH1, SF3B1, ATM, TP53, BIRC3 and others genes that play roles in cell cycle, DNA repair, RNA metabolism and splicing. In this study, we have taken a deep-targeted massive sequencing approach to analyze the impact of mutations in the most frequently mutated genes in patients with CLL enrolled in the REM (rituximab en mantenimiento) clinical trial. The mutational status of our patients with CLL, except for the TP53 gene, does not seem to affect the good results obtained with maintenance therapy with rituximab after front-line FCR treatment

A new improved protocol for in vitro intratubular dentinal bacterial contamination for antimicrobial endodontic tests: standardization and validation by confocal laser scanning microscopy

Objectives To compare three methods of intratubular contamination that simulate endodontic infections using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Material and Methods Two pre-existing models of dentinal contamination were used to induce intratubular infection (groups A and B). These methods were modified in an attempt to improve the model (group C). Among the modifications it may be included: specimen contamination for five days, ultrasonic bath with BHI broth after specimen sterilization, use of E. faecalis during the exponential growth phase, greater concentration of inoculum, and two cycles of centrifugation on alternate days with changes of culture media. All specimens were longitudinally sectioned and stained with of LIVE/DEAD® for 20 min. Specimens were assessed using CLSM, which provided images of the depth of viable bacterial proliferation inside the dentinal tubules. Additionally, three examiners used scores to classify the CLSM images according to the following parameters: homogeneity, density, and depth of the bacterial contamination inside the dentinal tubules. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s tests were used to evaluate the live and dead cells rates, and the scores obtained. Results The contamination scores revealed higher contamination levels in group C when compared with groups A and B (p0.05). The volume of live cells in group C was higher than in groups A and B (p<0.05). Conclusion The new protocol for intratubular infection resulted in high and uniform patterns of bacterial contamination and higher cell viability in all specimens when compared with the current methods

CARB-ES-19 Multicenter Study of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli From All Spanish Provinces Reveals Interregional Spread of High-Risk Clones Such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

ObjectivesCARB-ES-19 is a comprehensive, multicenter, nationwide study integrating whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CP-Kpn) and E. coli (CP-Eco) to determine their incidence, geographical distribution, phylogeny, and resistance mechanisms in Spain.MethodsIn total, 71 hospitals, representing all 50 Spanish provinces, collected the first 10 isolates per hospital (February to May 2019); CPE isolates were first identified according to EUCAST (meropenem MIC &gt; 0.12 mg/L with immunochromatography, colorimetric tests, carbapenem inactivation, or carbapenem hydrolysis with MALDI-TOF). Prevalence and incidence were calculated according to population denominators. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution method (EUCAST). All 403 isolates collected were sequenced for high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing, core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), and resistome analysis.ResultsIn total, 377 (93.5%) CP-Kpn and 26 (6.5%) CP-Eco isolates were collected from 62 (87.3%) hospitals in 46 (92%) provinces. CP-Kpn was more prevalent in the blood (5.8%, 50/853) than in the urine (1.4%, 201/14,464). The cumulative incidence for both CP-Kpn and CP-Eco was 0.05 per 100 admitted patients. The main carbapenemase genes identified in CP-Kpn were blaOXA–48 (263/377), blaKPC–3 (62/377), blaVIM–1 (28/377), and blaNDM–1 (12/377). All isolates were susceptible to at least two antibiotics. Interregional dissemination of eight high-risk CP-Kpn clones was detected, mainly ST307/OXA-48 (16.4%), ST11/OXA-48 (16.4%), and ST512-ST258/KPC (13.8%). ST512/KPC and ST15/OXA-48 were the most frequent bacteremia-causative clones. The average number of acquired resistance genes was higher in CP-Kpn (7.9) than in CP-Eco (5.5).ConclusionThis study serves as a first step toward WGS integration in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Spain. We detected important epidemiological changes, including increased CP-Kpn and CP-Eco prevalence and incidence compared to previous studies, wide interregional dissemination, and increased dissemination of high-risk clones, such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

Estudio del sistema HLA en la púrpura trombocitopénica idopática

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Cirugía. Fecha de lectura: 24 de Mayo de 200