Aranhas e escorpiões na percepção de estudantes do 7º e 8º anos de uma escola da zona rural De Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil

Considerando que os aracnídeos são malquistos por uma parcela da sociedade, este trabalho teve como objetivo registrar e analisar as percepções de estudantes do 7º e 8º anos de uma escola da zona rural de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil, sobre as aranhas e os escorpiões. Foram entrevistados 36 alunos com idades entre 12 a 17 anos. Os estudantes definem as aranhas e escorpiões como “insetos”, na sua maior parte, “venenosos”. Essa categorização está relacionada à aparência e ao fato de serem animais peçonhentos. Isso faz com que, na maioria das vezes, os alunos matem esses animais ao verem, por sentirem medo. É necessária a realização de práticas pedagógicas que permitam a mudança das perspectivas equivocadas relacionadas a esses aracnídeos

Production and selection of accessions of Opuntia spp. with resistance to false carmine cochineal

The genetic improvement program for Opuntia spp. aims to select new genotypes to meet the demands of rural producers in the Brazilian Semiarid region and to expand the genetic base of the crop. The aim of this study was to select accessions of Opuntia spp. with foraging potential and resistance to false cochineal carmine. The research was carried out at the Active Germplasm Bank (BAG) of Opuntia spp. of Paraíba Company Research, Rural Extension and Land Regularization (EMPAER), Pendência Experimental Station, Soledade, Paraíba, Brazil. Accessions were cultivated in rainfed and evaluated in August 2019, 12 months after the implementation of the BAG. The measurement of the Total Green Mass weight of the plants of 121 accessions of the BAG was carried out and the productivity (ton/ha-1) was estimated in a dense cultivation of 100 thousand plants/ha-1. The accessions of Opuntia spp. nº 10, 110, 115 and 119 have growing potential in the Brazilian Semiarid region, as a function of productivity (532.6, 118, 164 and 481 tons/ha-1, respectively) and resistance to false carmine cochineal, in addition to genetic divergence (specific agronomic characteristics) in relation to currently cultivated varieties.The genetic improvement program for Opuntia spp. aims to select new genotypes to meet the demands of rural producers in the Brazilian Semiarid region and to expand the genetic base of the crop. The aim of this study was to select accessions of Opuntia spp. with foraging potential and resistance to false cochineal carmine. The research was carried out at the Active Germplasm Bank (BAG) of Opuntia spp. of Paraíba Company Research, Rural Extension and Land Regularization (EMPAER), Pendência Experimental Station, Soledade, Paraíba, Brazil. Accessions were cultivated in rainfed and evaluated in August 2019, 12 months after the implementation of the BAG. The measurement of the Total Green Mass weight of the plants of 121 accessions of the BAG was carried out and the productivity (ton/ha-1) was estimated in a dense cultivation of 100 thousand plants/ha-1. The accessions of Opuntia spp. nº 10, 110, 115 and 119 have growing potential in the Brazilian Semiarid region, as a function of productivity (532.6, 118, 164 and 481 tons/ha-1, respectively) and resistance to false carmine cochineal, in addition to genetic divergence (specific agronomic characteristics) in relation to currently cultivated varieties

Ní­vel do estado de hidratação em corredores amadores de rua antes e após uma competição de 25km

The present work is characterized by the analysis of the level of dehydration in 25 km street corridors, pre and post competition, using three variables: specific gravity of urine, color and body mass. Identifying its physiological effects by lack of fluid intake during competition. At the moment pre competition had on average 1013.75 ± 6.44, arriving at a classification of minimal dehydration. In the post-competition instate, it obtained a deviation of 1019.16 ± 6.44 presenting a significant dehydration (p = <0.020) of athlete. It was concluded that the runners were dehydrated before and after competition.El presente trabajo se caracteriza en el análisis del nivel de deshidratación en corredores de calle de 25 km, pre y post competencia, utilizando tres variables: peso específico de la orina, color y masa corporal. Identificando sus efectos fisiológicos como cambios en el color de la orina por falta de ingesta de líquidos durante la competición. En el momento previo a la competencia tenía un promedio de 1013,75 ± 6,44, alcanzando una clasificación de deshidratación mínima. En el momento post-competición obtuvo una desviación de 1019,16 ± 6,44, presentando una deshidratación significativa (p=<0,020) de los corredores. Se concluyó que los corredores estaban deshidratados antes y después de la competencia.Il presente lavoro si caratterizza nell'analisi del livello di disidratazione nei 25 km di corridori su strada, pre e post gara, utilizzando tre variabili: peso specifico dell'urina, colore e massa corporea. Identificare i suoi effetti fisiologici come cambiamenti nel colore delle urine dovuti alla mancanza di assunzione di liquidi durante la competizione. Nel momento pre-gara aveva una media di 1013,75 ± 6,44, raggiungendo una classificazione minima di disidratazione. Nel momento post-gara ha ottenuto una deviazione di 1019,16 ± 6,44, presentando una significativa disidratazione (p=<0,020) dei corridori. Si è concluso che i corridori erano disidratati prima e dopo la competizione.O presente trabalho se caracteriza em análise do ní­vel de desidratação em corredores de rua de 25 km, pré e pós competição, utilizando-se três variáveis: gravidade especí­fica da urina, coloração e massa corporal. Identificando seus efeitos fisiológicos como modificações na coloração da urina pela falta de ingestão de lí­quidos durante a competiçõo. No momento pré competição teve em média 1013,75 ± 6,44, chegando a uma classificação de desidratação miní­ma. No momento pós competição, obteve um desvio de 1019,16 ± 6,44 apresentando uma desidratação significativa (p=<0,020) dos corredores. Conclui-se que os corredores estavam desidratados antes e após competição.O presente trabalho se caracteriza em análise do ní­vel de desidratação em corredores de rua de 25 km, pré e pós competição, utilizando-se três variáveis: gravidade especí­fica da urina, coloração e massa corporal. Identificando seus efeitos fisiológicos como modificações na coloração da urina pela falta de ingestão de lí­quidos durante a competiçõo. No momento pré competição teve em média 1013,75 ± 6,44, chegando a uma classificação de desidratação miní­ma. No momento pós competição, obteve um desvio de 1019,16 ± 6,44 apresentando uma desidratação significativa (p=<0,020) dos corredores. Conclui-se que os corredores estavam desidratados antes e após competição

On the mechanical behavior of an Al 7075 alloy deformed by asymmetrical and conventional rolling

Samples of the Al 7075 naturally and artificially aged were processed by conventional and asymmetricalrolling with 5% of thickness reduction. The rolling processes were evaluated under room temperature andunder warm condition (130°C). Mechanical properties were evaluated by uniaxial tensile and Vickersmicrohardness tests. Microstructure evolutions were followed by optical microscopy analysis. Naturally agedsamples showed better yield strengthening under warm processing. Greater ultimate stress and ductility underroom temperature processing was also noticed in naturally aged specimens. Artificially aged samples showedbetter mechanical properties under room temperature, softening under warm processing due to grain recoveryprocess. Microhardness tests showed expected results for both rolling types, especially on asymmetricalrolling with the higher predictions were observed. Micrographs have shown no expressive grain changes orrefinement although its flattening was observed. Precipitates were analyzed by EDS/SEM revealing thepresence of MgZn2 and CuMgAl along the matrix that provides plastic strengthening.Keywords: Aging, asymmetrical rolling, conventional rolling, mechanical behavior, Al 7075 alloy

Morphometry and skeletopy of kidneys and renal vessels in "ring-tailed coati" (Nasua nasua)

Nasua nasua is a carnivore belonging to the family Procyonidae and is widely distributed throughout South America. The details of its anatomy are fundamental to the application of antomy and understanding of its natural history. This study aimed to measure the average length, width, thickness, and volume of the kidneys; the average length of the renal artery and vein, and to describe the renal and vessel skeletopy in Nasua nasua. For this purpose, 32 kidneys and renal vessels of 16 cadaveric specimens (eight male and eight female) were dissected and measured using a digital caliper. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated between the rostrum-sacral length and the renal and vessel variables. The kidneys had a "bean-shaped" aspect with smooth surfaces and were unipapilate. On average, the N. nasua kidneys measured 30 × 16 × 13 mm, with no significant difference between the sexes. The average right renal artery (1.74 ± 0.67 cm) was longer than the left (1.26 ± 0.43 cm), and the right renal vein (1.22 ± 0.34 cm) was shorter than the left renal vein (1.82 ± 0.46 cm) (p < 0.05). One male animal (6.8%) presented with a double right renal vein as an anatomical variation. Both the right and left kidney cranial poles prevailed at the level of the L2 vertebra, assuming a practically symmetrical position. There was a positive and moderate to high correlation between rostrum-sacral length and renal dimensions and renal vessel lengths. The present data may be useful for interpreting the diagnosis of nephropathies that affect renal dimensions in this species and may contribute to the comparative anatomy of carnivorans. Keywords: Neotropical carnivorans; Nephrology; South American coati; Vascularization; Wild carnivore

MATERIALIZING THE LANDSCAPE: DRONES, GEODESY, AND 3D PRINTERS IN A VIABLE AND ECONOMIC SOLUTION FOR 3D MODELING

In recent years, environmental modeling has become increasingly crucial for understanding and mitigating the impacts of human activities on the environment. However, traditional methods for environmental mapping, primarily those of physical understanding, face challenges related to accuracy, time, and cost. In this sense, this work aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility of altimetric mapping and 3D model construction using drones, precision geodesy, and 3D printing as an extremely effective and low-cost alternative for environmental modeling. The study focused spatially on the boundaries of the IFRN/Campus Macau terrain. The study was conducted in five stages: I) Literature review; II) Geodetic survey (GNSS); III) Aerophotogrammetric survey; IV) Processing of geodetic and aerophotogrammetric data; and V) 3D printing. A protocol was obtained for the elaboration with high vertical and horizontal accuracy of the Digital Surface Model (DSM), orthomosaic, and 3D model (virtual and physical) of the mapped environment. Regarding the 3D model, its printing allowed for a perfect understanding of the geomorphology of the mapped environment and the existing physical structures. The applied technique could be useful in various areas, such as enhancing the planning stage in civil construction, architecture, and environmental studies. Also becoming a great ally in future geomorphological and tactile cartography studies

Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on inflammatory, leptin, IgA, and lipid peroxidation responses in obese males

Purpose: To compare the effects of a single high-intensity interval exercise session (HIIE) with amoderate-intensity continuous exercise session (MICE) on the inflammatory profile, IgA levels, and lipid peroxidation in sedentary obese males. Methods: Ten sedentary obese men (age 28.5 ± 2.7 years; BMI 35.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2; body fat 40.6 ± 2.0%) performed three experimental sessions, on separate days with 1 week wash-out period between interventions, according to a randomized order: (1) HIIE: 10 × 60 s at 90% of the HRmax alternated by 60 s of active recovery; (2) MICE: 20min at 70% of the HRmax; (3) Rest—control. Blood and saliva samples were collected before, immediately after and 60min after the end of each session in order to analyse serum levels of cytokines, IgA, and lipoperoxidation markers. Results: Leptin levels decreased immediately after HIIE (P = 0.033) and was different from the MICE (P = 0.025). IFN-g levels were reduced immediately after (P = 0.032) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.003) compared to baseline, and it also increased IL-4 levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.007) compared to resting values. MICE promoted an increase in IFN-g levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.025) and 60min after exercise (P = 0.004) in relation to baseline. Both exercise conditions increased IL-6 levels up to 60min after exercise (P < 0.05). The IFN-g/IL-4 ratio decreased immediately after (P = 0.002) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.005) in relation to pre-exercise. No changes were found for IgA-S and TBARS for any of the conditions. Conclusion: A single HIIE session is able to decrease IFN-g/IL-4 ratio, indicating an anti-inflammatory response, without alterations in the function of the mucosal immune systemand lipoperoxidation. On the other hand, a brief session ofMICE induced changes in the pattern of cytokines associated with increased cellular immune function

Potencial uso da casca de café como constituinte de substrato para produção de mudas de espécies florestais

In the production of forest species seedlings there are several factors that influence their growth. Among these, one of the most important is the composition of the substrate. In this sense, it is essential to select good constituents that meet this demand. The objective of this work was to evaluate the initial growth of seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla, Peltophorum dubium and Eremanthus erythropappus, produced in different substrate formulations. For each species, an experiment was installed and conducted, using composted rice husk, composted coffee husk, coconut fiber and commercial substrate in the formulations. The experiments were installed in a completely randomized design (DIC), consisting of eight treatments, five replications and 20 seedlings per plot. To evaluate the quality of seedlings, at 120 days the variables height, stem diameter, dry matter weight of the aerial part, dry matter weight of the root system and Dickson's quality index were measured. As qualitative analyzes, the ease of removing seedlings from the tube and the aggregation of roots to the substrate were evaluated. The results found after the evaluation attested that the seedlings produced in the treatments formulated with composted coffee husk presented higher values for most of the analyzed variables, when compared with the seedlings produced in the treatments formulated with the rice husk and in the control. For the three species, the use of the proportion of 40% of coffee husk composted with 40% of commercial substrate and 20% of coconut fiber for the composition of the substrate is indicated.Na produção de mudas de espécies florestais há vários fatores que influenciam no seu crescimento. Dentre estes, um dos mais importantes é a composição do substrato. Nesse sentido, é essencial a seleção de bons constituintes que atendam a essa demanda. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento inicial de mudas de Eucalyptus urophylla, Peltophorum dubium e Eremanthus erythropappus, produzidas em diferentes formulações de substratos. Para cada espécie, foi instalado e conduzido um experimento, utilizando-se nas formulações os constituintes casca de arroz compostada, casca de café compostada, fibra de coco e substrato comercial. Os experimentos foram instalados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), constituídos por oito tratamentos, cinco repetições e 20 mudas por parcela. Para avaliação da qualidade das mudas, aos 120 dias foram mensuradas as variáveis altura, diâmetro do coleto, peso de matéria seca da parte aérea, peso de matéria seca do sistema radicular e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Como análises qualitativas, foram avaliadas a facilidade de retirada das mudas do tubete e a agregação das raízes ao substrato. Os resultados encontrados após a avaliação atestaram que as mudas produzidas nos tratamentos formulados com casca de café compostada apresentaram valores superiores para a maioria das variáveis analisadas, quando comparado com as mudas produzidas nos tratamentos formulados com a casca de arroz e na testemunha. Para as três espécies, indica-se a utilização da proporção de 40% de casca de café compostada com 40% de substrato comercial e 20% de fibra de coco para composição do substrato

a multicenter study

(1) Background: The Commercial Kit SIRE Nitratase® PlastLabor, is a drug susceptibility test kit used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to first-line TB treatment drugs. The present study aimed at evaluating its performance in a multicenter study. (2) Methods: To determine its accuracy, the proportion methods in Lowenstein Jensen medium or the BACTECTMMGITTM960 system was used as a gold standard. (3) Results: The study revealed that the respective accuracies of the kit with 190 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates, using the proportion methods in Lowenstein Jensen medium or BACTECTMMGITTM960 system as a gold standard, were 93.9% and 94.6%, 96.9% and 94.6%, 98.0% and 97.8%, and 98.0% and 98.9%, for streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol, respectively. (4) Conclusion: Thus, the kit can rapidly screen resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. Additionally, it does not require sophisticated equipment; hence, it can be easily used in the laboratories of low and middle income countries.publishersversionpublishe