501 research outputs found
Effect of stocking density on the production of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Lin.) in cages at Kaptai lake, Bangladesh
Growth, survival and food conversion ratio (FCR) of Cyprinus carpio in cages at
different stocking density were studied in Kaptai lake. Fingerlings of common carp
(12.47 ± 4.29 g) were stocked at 25/m2
, 50/m2 and 75/m2 each with replication in six
floating net cages each of Sm x Sm x 4m and reared for 240 days. The growth rate was
inversely related to the stocking density with the mean weights of 325.5 ± 11.74 g,
268.99± 8.44 g and 167.0 ± 11.66 g at low, medium and high densities, respectively. At
harvest, standing crop biomass averaged 7 .82, 12.83 and 11.58 kg with the survival of
98.9%, 97.6% and 94.4% and food conversion ratios of 4.51, 3.82 and 4.21 for the above
three densities, respectively. Weight gain and production at density 25 fish/m 2 were
significantly different (p< 0.01) from other two densities. Water quality was not affected
in the cages having different stocking densities
Non-deterministic-M-fuzzy Lattices
Goran Trajakoviski and Tepavcevic´invented the L-fuzzy lattice in which a ´ bounded lattice is fuzzified using a complete lattice. Using a complete consistent distributive multilattice M, we broaden the concept of L-fuzzy lattice to Nd-M-fuzzy lattice in this study. We also introduce the idea of Nd-M-order relation on a set X. Additionally, we demonstrated that the equivalent condition for a Nd-M-fuzzy subset to be a Nd-M-fuzzy sublattice of a bounded lattice L
On the price of independence for vertex cover, feedback vertex set and odd cycle transversal.
Let vc(G), fvs(G) and oct(G) denote, respectively, the size of a minimum vertex cover, minimum feedback vertex set and minimum odd cycle transversal in a graph G. One can ask, when looking for these sets in a graph, how much bigger might they be if we require that they are independent; that is, what is the price of independence? If G has a vertex cover, feedback vertex set or odd cycle transversal that is an independent set, then we let, respectively, ivc(G), ifvs(G) or ioct(G) denote the minimum size of such a set. We investigate for which graphs H the values of ivc(G), ifvs(G) and ioct(G) are bounded in terms of vc(G), fvs(G) and oct(G), respectively, when the graph G belongs to the class of H-free graphs. We find complete classifications for vertex cover and feedback vertex set and an almost complete classification for odd cycle transversal (subject to three non-equivalent open cases)
Vibrio cholerae O1 transmission in Bangladesh: insights from a nationally representative serosurvey
Background: Pandemic Vibrio cholerae from cholera-endemic countries around the Bay of Bengal regularly seed epidemics globally. Without reducing cholera in these countries, including Bangladesh, global cholera control might never be achieved. Little is known about the geographical distribution and magnitude of V cholerae O1 transmission nationally. We aimed to describe infection risk across Bangladesh, making use of advances in cholera seroepidemiology, therefore overcoming many of the limitations of current clinic-based surveillance. Methods: We tested serum samples from a nationally representative serosurvey in Bangladesh with eight V cholerae-specific assays. Using these data with a machine-learning model previously validated within a cohort of confirmed cholera cases and their household contacts, we estimated the proportion of the population with evidence of infection by V cholerae O1 in the previous year (annual seroincidence) and used Bayesian geostatistical models to create high-resolution national maps of infection risk. Findings: Between Oct 16, 2015, and Jan 24, 2016, we obtained and tested serum samples from 2930 participants (707 households) in 70 communities across Bangladesh. We estimated national annual seroincidence of V cholerae O1 infection of 17·3% (95% CI 10·5–24·1). Our high-resolution maps showed large heterogeneity of infection risk, with community-level annual infection risk within the sampled population ranging from 4·3% to 62·9%. Across Bangladesh, we estimated that 28·1 (95% CI 17·1–39·2) million infections occurred in the year before the survey. Despite having an annual seroincidence of V cholerae O1 infection lower than much of Bangladesh, Dhaka (the capital of Bangladesh and largest city in the country) had 2·0 (95% CI 0·6–3·9) million infections during the same year, primarily because of its large population. Interpretation: Serosurveillance provides an avenue for identifying areas with high V cholerae O1 transmission and investigating key risk factors for infection across geographical scales. Serosurveillance could serve as an important method for countries to plan and monitor progress towards 2030 cholera elimination goals. Funding: The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
D* Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA
This paper presents measurements of D^{*\pm} production in deep inelastic
scattering from collisions between 27.5 GeV positrons and 820 GeV protons. The
data have been taken with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The decay channel
(+ c.c.) has been used in the study. The
cross section for inclusive D^{*\pm} production with
and is 5.3 \pms 1.0 \pms 0.8 nb in the kinematic region
{ GeV and }. Differential cross
sections as functions of p_T(D^{*\pm}), and are
compared with next-to-leading order QCD calculations based on the photon-gluon
fusion production mechanism. After an extrapolation of the cross section to the
full kinematic region in p_T(D^{*\pm}) and (D^{*\pm}), the charm
contribution to the proton structure function is
determined for Bjorken between 2 10 and 5 10.Comment: 17 pages including 4 figure
Observation of Scaling Violations in Scaled Momentum Distributions at HERA
Charged particle production has been measured in deep inelastic scattering
(DIS) events over a large range of and using the ZEUS detector. The
evolution of the scaled momentum, , with in the range 10 to 1280
, has been investigated in the current fragmentation region of the Breit
frame. The results show clear evidence, in a single experiment, for scaling
violations in scaled momenta as a function of .Comment: 21 pages including 4 figures, to be published in Physics Letters B.
Two references adde
Observation of hard scattering in photoproduction events with a large rapidity gap at HERA
Events with a large rapidity gap and total transverse energy greater than 5
GeV have been observed in quasi-real photoproduction at HERA with the ZEUS
detector. The distribution of these events as a function of the
centre of mass energy is consistent with diffractive scattering. For total
transverse energies above 12 GeV, the hadronic final states show predominantly
a two-jet structure with each jet having a transverse energy greater than 4
GeV. For the two-jet events, little energy flow is found outside the jets. This
observation is consistent with the hard scattering of a quasi-real photon with
a colourless object in the proton.Comment: 19 pages, latex, 4 figures appended as uuencoded fil
Modelling Forced Vital Capacity in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Optimising Trial Design
Introduction: Forced vital capacity is the only registrational endpoint in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis clinical trials. As most new treatments will be administered on top of standard of care, estimating treatment response will become more challenging. We developed a simulation model to quantify variability associated with forced vital capacity decline. Methods: The model is based on publicly available clinical trial summary and home spirometry data. A single, illustrative trial setting is reported. Model assumptions are 400 subjects randomised 1:1 to investigational drug or placebo over 52 weeks, 50% of each group receiving standard of care (all-comer population), and a 90-mL treatment difference in annual forced vital capacity decline. Longitudinal profiles were simulated and the impact of varying clinical scenarios evaluated. Results: Power to detect a significant treatment differe
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