Design and Implementation of a Stable Control System based on Fuzzy Logic in order to optimize the performance of a Photovoltaic Generation System

[ES] En este trabajo se presenta un nuevo esquema de control para un sistema fotovoltaico aislado (PV) utilizando un controlador de lógica borrosa (FLC). El sistema de control diseñado proporciona un buen seguimiento de la tensión de referencia óptima, a la cual se genera la máxima potencia. El sistema fotovoltaico está conectado a una carga a través de un convertidor CC/CC elevador (boost). El controlador FLC proporciona el ciclo de trabajo (D) apropiado al convertidor CC/CC para que el sistema PV genere la máxima potencia. También se propone un método de análisis de la estabilidad del sistema en lazo cerrado. Aunque el análisis de la estabilidad está basado en la metodología de Lyapunov, es un análisis semicualitativo, ya que no se dispone de un modelo del sistema en lazo cerrado para realizar un análisis analítico. Tanto los resultados de simulación como las pruebas experimentales sobre un sistema PV comercial muestran que el FLC proporciona un buen seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia (MPP). Finalmente, se ha evaluado el funcionamiento del FLC sobre un sistema PV real formado por unas placas fotovoltaicas comerciales Atersa modelo A55. Para realizar las pruebas experimentales se ha implementado la estrategia de control sobre un procesador digital de señal DS1104 de dSPACE. Los resultados experimentales obtenidos demuestran la validez del esquema de control FLC sobre un sistema fotovoltaico comercial.[EN] This paper presents a new control scheme for a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system based on a fuzzy-logic (FLC). The proposed control system provides good tracking for the optimal reference voltage, at which the maximum power generation is obtained. The photovoltaic system is connected to a load through a DC/DC boost converter. The FLC controller provides the appropriate duty cycle (D) to the DC/DC converter in order to get the maximum power from the PV system. A method for the stability analysis of the closed-loop system is also proposed. The stability analysis is based on the Lyapunov methods and is a semi-qualitative analysis because there is no closed loop system model available for the analytical analysis. Both simulation results and experimental tests on a real PV system show that the FLC provides good tracking for the maximum power point (MPP).Finally, the performance of the FLC on a real PV system consisting of a commercial solar panels Atersa model A55 is analyzed. To perform the experimental tests the proposed control strategy has been implemented on the dSPACE digital signal processor model DS1104. 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