Alternative models of world order

Стаття присвячена важливій науковій проблемі формування нового міжнародного порядку. Визначаються особливості формування нового міжнародного порядку, його глобальні тенденції та регіональні особливості. Особлива увага приділяється альтернативним моделям нового міжнародного порядку, які сформувались у процесі системної еволюції міжнародних відносин, місцю України в сучасному міжнародному порядку.Dedicated to an essential scientific problem of the new world order forming. The peculiarities of new order composition and its global and regional trends are accentuated. Main attention is focused on alternative models of the new world order within the system evolution of international relations and Ukraine place in the new world order.Статья посвящена важной научной проблеме формирования нового мирового порядка. Определены особенности формирования нового мирового порядка, его глобальные тенденции и региональная специфика. Особое внимание уделено альтернативным моделям нового мирового порядка, которые сформировались в процессе системной эволюции международных отношений, месту Украины в современном мировом порядке

Beam Performance and Luminosity Limitations in the High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR)

The High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) of the future International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI in Darmstadt is planned as an antiproton synchrotron and storage ring in the momentum range from 1.5 to 15 GeV/c. An important feature of this new facility is the combination of phase space cooled beams with dense internal targets (e.g. pellet targets), resulting in demanding beam parameter of two operation modes: high luminosity mode with peak luminosities up to 2*10^32 cm-2 s-1, and high resolution mode with a momentum spread down to 10^-5, respectively. To reach these beam parameters very powerful phase space cooling is needed, utilizing high-energy electron cooling and high-bandwidth stochastic cooling. The effect of beam-target scattering and intra-beam interaction is investigated in order to study beam equilibria and beam losses for the two different operation modes.Comment: 8 pages, based on a talk presented at COULOMB'05, Accepted for publication by Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipmen

Аналитическое решение некоректних задач динамическими методами

Апроксимація неперервних диференційних та інтегральних рівнянь скінченними дискретними алгебраїчними системами, локальна лінеаризація систем нелінійних рівнянь за заданою інформацією у разі вирішення обернених задач зводиться до задач розв’язку систем лінійних алгебраїчних рівнянь. Матриці таких систем зазвичай є погано обумовленими, тому задачі розв’язання таких систем є некоректними, оскільки порушується третя умова коректності за Адамаром. Для розв’язання некоректних задач запропоновано динамічний метод регуляризації [1]. З метою зменшення часу роботи алгоритму, що пропонується динамічним методом запропоновано модифікований метод - динамічний метод другого порядку. Розроблено математичний апарат та на його основі запропоновано алгоритм для модифікованого методу, а також показано його ефективність на практичному прикладі.The inverse problems of continuous differential and integral equations approximation with finite discrete algebraic systems and the problems of local linearization of nonlinear equations by the provided information are reduced to solving the linear algebraic systems. Matrices of such systems are usually ill-conditioned due to ill-posed problems according to Hadamard correctness. As a solution to these problems a dynamical method for regularization was proposed [1]. In order to reduce the computation time of the algorithm, a second order modification of the dynamical method is proposed. This paper provides mathematical tools based on this method. A practical example shows its effectiveness.Апроксимация непрерывних дифференциальных и интегральных уравнений конечными дискретними алгебраическими системами, локальная линеаризация нелинейных уравнений по заданой информации при решении обратных задач сводятся к задачам решения систем линейных алгебраических уравнений. Матрицы таких систем обычно плохо обусловлены, поэтому задачи их решения некоректны, поскольку нарушается третье условие коректности по Адамару. Для решений некоретных систем предложен динамический метод регуляризации некоректных задач [1]. С целью уменьшения времени работы алгоритма, который предлагается динамическим методом, предложен модифицированный метод – динамический метод второго порядка. Разработан математический аппарат и на его основании предложен алгоритм для модифицированного метода, а также показана его эффективность на практическом примере

Radiological assessment of the Belarusian nuclear power plant site in the pre-operational period

Field studies on the pre-operational period of a Belarusian NPP have allowed us to determine the “background” level of gamma-emitting radionuclides in individual components of the environment. The results of measuring the dose rate at the NPP construction site are from 0.048 to 0.089 μSv/h. External radiation in the surveyed area is at 96% due to 40K, 226Ra and 232Th. The radionuclides in the surface soil layer are: 40K - from 530 to 700 Bq/kg; 226Ra - from 30 to 55 Bq/kg; and 232Th - from 17 to 35 Bq/kg; 137Cs from 2 to 13 Bq/kg. The dose rate in the floodplain of the Viliya River from 0.033 to 0.082 μSv/h. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides in the surface soil layer of the floodplain of the Viliya River are: 40K - from 390 to 690 Bq/kg; 226Ra - from 33 to 50 Bq/kg; 232Th - from 15 to 50 Bq/kg; 137Cs - from 3 to 12 Bq/kg. The activity concentration of carbon-14 and tritium in the dominant vegetation species were determined to be: from 74.4 to 111.5 pMC and less than lower range limit, respectively. © 2020 RAD Conference Proceedings

Defining an olfactory receptor function in airway smooth muscle cells

Pathways that control, or can be exploited to alter, the increase in airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and cellular remodeling that occur in asthma are not well defined. Here we report the expression of odorant receptors (ORs) belonging to the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), as well as the canonical olfaction machinery (G olf and AC3) in the smooth muscle of human bronchi. In primary cultures of isolated human ASM, we identified mRNA expression for multiple ORs. Strikingly, OR51E2 was the most highly enriched OR transcript mapped to the human olfactome in lung-resident cells. In a heterologous expression system, OR51E2 trafficked readily to the cell surface and showed ligand selectivity and sensitivity to the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate and propionate. These endogenous metabolic byproducts of the gut microbiota slowed the rate of cytoskeletal remodeling, as well as the proliferation of human ASM cells. These cellular responses in vitro were found in ASM from non-asthmatics and asthmatics, and were absent in OR51E2-deleted primary human ASM. These results demonstrate a novel chemo-mechanical signaling network in the ASM and serve as a proof-of-concept that a specific receptor of the gut-lung axis can be targeted to treat airflow obstruction in asthma.open0

Integrative genomic analyses reveal an androgen-driven somatic alteration landscape in early-onset prostate cancer

Early-onset prostate cancer (EO-PCA) represents the earliest clinical manifestation of prostate cancer. To compare the genomic alteration landscapes of EO-PCA with "classical" (elderly-onset) PCA, we performed deep sequencing-based genomics analyses in 11 tumors diagnosed at young age, and pursued comparative assessments with seven elderly-onset PCA genomes. Remarkable age-related differences in structural rearrangement (SR) formation became evident, suggesting distinct disease pathomechanisms. Whereas EO-PCAs harbored a prevalence of balanced SRs, with a specific abundance of androgen-regulated ETS gene fusions including TMPRSS2:ERG, elderly-onset PCAs displayed primarily non-androgen-associated SRs. Data from a validation cohort of > 10,000 patients showed age-dependent androgen receptor levels and a prevalence of SRs affecting androgen-regulated genes, further substantiating the activity of a characteristic "androgen-type" pathomechanism in EO-PCA

Safety and Effectiveness of Pharmacologic Conversion of Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter: Results of Multicenter Trial. Part II: Assessment of Safety

Aim. We aimed to assess safety and effectiveness of class III antiarrhythmic drug Refralon for conversion of atrial fibrillation (AFib) and flutter (AFl) in post-registration trial and to compare data of primary center (National medical research center in cardiology) with data of other hospitals.Material and Methods. We performed retrospective cohort study in 727 patients (451 enrolled in primary center and 276 enrolled in other hospitals) admitted between June 24, 2014 and June 24, 2019. Refralon was administered for conversion of AFib and AFl in intense care units in escalating doses (10-30 micrograms/kg) intravenously.Results. Conversion of AFib and AFl into sinus rhythm was achieved in 53,6% after administration of 10 mcg/kg dose, in 73% after administration of 20 mcg/kg dose and in 91,6% after administration of Refralon in dose up to 30 mcg/kg. No mortality and no major adverse cardiac events registered in our study. Asystole >3.0 sec observed in 5% (35 of 727) of patients): in 5% (24 of 451) of patients enrolled in primary center and in 4% (11 of 276) of patients enrolled in other hospitals; 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.09; 0.113]. Asystole> 5.0 s observed in 1.7% of patients who further required non-urgent implantation of a permanent pacemaker due to manifestations of sinus node dysfunction. Cardiac conduction disturbances (exclusively sinus bradycardia) were registered in 7% (53 of 727) patients: in 8% (37 of 451) of patients enrolled in primary center and in 6% (17 of 276) of patients enrolled in other hospitals; 95% CI: [-0.1; 0.15]. Only 0.14% of patients had symptomatic sinus bradycardia that resolved after atropine injection. Ventricular arrhythmias (exclusively Torsade de pointes tachycardia in excessive QT interval prolongation) were registered in 1.7% (12 of 727) patients: in 2% (9 of 451) of patients in primary center and in 1% (3 of 276) of patients of other hospitals; 95% CI: [-0.06; 0.08]. QTc interval prolongation to values >500 ms documented in 19% (138 of 727) of patients: in 21% (95 of 451) of patients in primary center and in 16% (43 of 276) of patients in other hospitals; 95% CI: [-0.13; 0.24].Conclusion: In post-registration multicenter trial Refralon demonstrated good safety profile in conversion of AFib and AFl. Potential risk of TdP tachycardia mandates precautions with the use of the drug. In other hospitals Refralon did not demonstrate lower safety than in primary medical center

Repression of Meiotic Genes by Antisense Transcription and by Fkh2 Transcription Factor in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

In S. pombe, about 5% of genes are meiosis-specific and accumulate little or no mRNA during vegetative growth. Here we use Affymetrix tiling arrays to characterize transcripts in vegetative and meiotic cells. In vegetative cells, many meiotic genes, especially those induced in mid-meiosis, have abundant antisense transcripts. Disruption of the antisense transcription of three of these mid-meiotic genes allowed vegetative sense transcription. These results suggest that antisense transcription represses sense transcription of meiotic genes in vegetative cells. Although the mechanism(s) of antisense mediated transcription repression need to be further explored, our data indicates that RNAi machinery is not required for repression. Previously, we and others used non-strand specific methods to study splicing regulation of meiotic genes and concluded that 28 mid-meiotic genes are spliced only in meiosis. We now demonstrate that the “unspliced” signal in vegetative cells comes from the antisense RNA, not from unspliced sense RNA, and we argue against the idea that splicing regulates these mid-meiotic genes. Most of these mid-meiotic genes are induced in mid-meiosis by the forkhead transcription factor Mei4. Interestingly, deletion of a different forkhead transcription factor, Fkh2, allows low levels of sense expression of some mid-meiotic genes in vegetative cells. We propose that vegetative expression of mid-meiotic genes is repressed at least two independent ways: antisense transcription and Fkh2 repression