Some Convexity Criteria for Differentiable Functions on the 2-Wasserstein Space

We show that a differentiable function on the 2-Wasserstein space is geodesically convex if and only if it is also convex along a larger class of curves which we call `acceleration-free'. In particular, the set of acceleration-free curves includes all generalised geodesics. We also show that geodesic convexity can be characterised through first and second-order inequalities involving the Wasserstein gradient and the Wasserstein Hessian. Subsequently, such inequalities also characterise convexity along acceleration-free curves.Comment: Subsection 1.5 added and reference list updated; 18 page

Asymmetric trehalose analogues to probe disaccharide processing pathways in mycobacteria

The uptake and metabolism of the disaccharide trehalose by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is essential for the virulence of this pathogen. Here we describe the chemoenzymatic synthesis of new azido-functionalised asymmetric trehalose probes that resist degradation by mycobacterial enzymes and are used to probe trehalose processing pathways in mycobacteria

Marshall University Music Department Presents a Student Recital, Seth Edwards, euphonium, Joey Graybeal, euphonium, Guy Parker, tuba

https://mds.marshall.edu/music_perf/1364/thumbnail.jp

The Australian Charter of Employment Rights: The missing dimensions

Just prior to the 2007 General Election, a group of labour lawyers and economists, broadly sympathetic to the Labor Party, produced a Charter of Employment Rights. This article examines the Charter's proposals and its underlying framework, and suggests significant aspects of work and labour have been omitted. It contends that the Charter would have been improved if it had not retained an artificially stretched definition of workers as employees, in which the only relationship worthy of inclusion in a Charter is that between the direct employer and employee. The framework and language of the Charter convey a paternalistic approach and an outdated focus on industrial labour, while ignoring aspects of the emerging global system of work linked to the concept of occupation

Realising co-benefits for natural capital and ecosystem services from solar parks : a co-developed, evidence-based approach

The number of ground-mounted solar parks is increasing across the world in response to energy decarbonisation. Solar parks offer an opportunity to deliver ecosystem co-benefits but there is also a risk that their development and operation may be detrimental to ecosystems. Consequently, we created the Solar Park Impacts on Ecosystem Services (SPIES) decision-support tool (DST) to provide evidence-based insight on the impacts of different solar park management practices on ecosystem services. The SPIES DST is underpinned by 704 pieces of evidence from 457 peer-reviewed academic journal articles that assess the impacts of land management on ecosystem services, collated through a systematic review. Application to two operational solar parks evidences the commercial relevance of the SPIES DST and its potential to enable those responsible for designing and managing solar parks to maximise the ecosystem co-benefits and minimise detrimental effects. Further, evaluation using data from nine solar parks across the south of England demonstrates the validity of the DST outcomes. With the increasing land take for renewable energy infrastructure, DSTs, such as SPIES, that promote the co-delivery of other ecosystem benefits can help to ensure that the energy transition does not swap climate change for local scale ecosystem degradation, and potentially prompts improvements in ecosystem health

Jovens religiosos negros e brancos: sexualidade e prevenção ao HIV/AIDS

Estudo transversal que analisou diferenças na experiência de 175 jovens de 15 a 25 anos de 03 templos religiosos no que tange a vivência da sexualidade e prevenção ao HIV/AIDS. Os percentuais de respostas entre negros e brancos foram comparados, constatou-se que, independente da religião, negros na comparação com brancos: estudam menos e começam a trabalhar mais cedo, sofrem maior discriminação devido à opção religiosa, recebem menos informação sobre teste do HIV, relatam menor habilidade de usar o preservativo e conhecem mais pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS. O pertencimento religioso a uma comunidade, referência importante no processo de socialização, não se mostrou um fator relevante para proteção do direito a prevenção quando os jovens são comparados sob a perspectiva da cor-raça.

Engineered repressors are potent inhibitors of androgen receptor activity

Prostate cancer growth is dependent upon the Androgen Receptor (AR) pathway, hence therapies for this disease often target this signalling axis. Such therapies are successful in the majority of patients but invariably fail after a median of 2 years and tumours progress to a castrate resistant stage (CRPC). Much evidence exists to suggest that the AR remains key to CRPC growth and hence remains a valid therapeutic target. Here we describe a novel method to inhibit AR activity, consisting of an interaction motif, that binds to the AR ligand-binding domain, fused to repression domains. These 'engineered repressors' are potent inhibitors of AR activity and prostate cancer cell growth and importantly inhibit the AR under circumstances in which conventional therapies would be predicted to fail, such as AR mutation and altered cofactor levels

Uric acid and thiocyanate as competing substrates of lactoperoxidase

The physiological function of urate is poorly understood. It may act as a danger signal, an antioxidant, or a substrate for heme peroxidases. Whether it reacts sufficiently rapidly with lactoperoxidase (LPO) to act as a physiological substrate remains unknown. LPO is a mammalian peroxidase that plays a key role in the innate immune defense by oxidizing thiocyanate to the bactericidal and fungicidal agent hypothiocyanite. We now demonstrate that urate is a good substrate for bovine LPO

Testing decentralised treatment solutions for portable home toilet waste - Kumasi, Ghana

Water and Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP) and Unilever have developed Clean Team, a business providing portable home toilets that are attractive and branded. Customers pay for their waste to be collected two to four times per week. Three “off-the-shelf” technologies are being tested to treat this waste and allow Clean Team to scale up to other cities. The three technologies are Sistema Biobolsa, which uses flexible tubes as anaerobic digesters, and aerobic planted gravel filter; Biorock, where an anaerobic pre-treatment tank is followed by an aerobic tank containing synthetic filtration media, pretreated with enzymes that stimulate the growth of aerobic bacteria and ventilation executed by natural draft; and Biofil, which will receive the sludge from the Biorock system, and digest it using macrofauna. The paper will present the initial trial results

AMI observations of Lynds Dark Nebulae: further evidence for anomalous cm-wave emission

Observations at 14.2 to 17.9 GHz made with the AMI Small Array towards fourteen Lynds Dark Nebulae with a resolution of 2' are reported. These sources are selected from the SCUBA observations of Visser et al. (2001) as small angular diameter clouds well matched to the synthesized beam of the AMI Small Array. Comparison of the AMI observations with radio observations at lower frequencies with matched uv-plane coverage is made, in order to search for any anomalous excess emission which can be attributed to spinning dust. Possible emission from spinning dust is identified as a source within a 2' radius of the Scuba position of the Lynds dark nebula, exhibiting an excess with respect to lower frequency radio emission. We find five sources which show a possible spinning dust component in their spectra. These sources have rising spectral indices in the frequency range 14.2--17.9 GHz. Of these five one has already been reported, L1111, we report one new definite detection, L675, and three new probable detections (L944, L1103 and L1246). The relative certainty of these detections is assessed on the basis of three criteria: the extent of the emission, the coincidence of the emission with the Scuba position and the likelihood of alternative explanations for the excess. Extended microwave emission makes the likelihood of the anomalous emission arising as a consequence of a radio counterpart to a protostar or a proto-planetary disk unlikely. We use a 2' radius in order to be consistent with the IRAS identifications of dark nebulae (Parker 1988), and our third criterion is used in the case of L1103 where a high flux density at 850 microns relative to the FIR data suggests a more complicated emission spectrum.Comment: submitted MNRA