El clavo gamma en las fracturas proximales de fémur

El clavo Gamma constituye una alternativa a los clavos condilocefálicos de Ender y al clavo-placa o tornillo deslizante en las fracturas de cadera. Hemos revisado retrospectivamente las 50 primeras fracturas del extremo proximal de fémur en el anciano tratadas por nosotros con esta técnica. En 45 casos se trataba de fracturas inestables. El 68% de los pacientes dados de alta hospitalaria han sido revisados durante 6 meses. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria ha sido del 18%. Hemos permitido en todos los casos con independencia del tipo de fractura la deambulación en carga en el postoperatorio inmediato, no habiéndose producido ninguna movilización de la fractura ni fracaso del material. La consolidación se ha producido en todos los casos con una media de 10 semanas. El clavo Gamma concede una buena estabilidad en las fracturas inestables del extremo proximal del fémur, permite la carga precoz sin fracasos mecánicos. La calidad de vida postfractura de los pacientes mejora sensiblemente.The Gamma nail seems to be an alternative to the endomedullar flexible Ender's nail and the sliding screw-plate for trochanteric fractures of the hip. We have retrospectively reviewed the first 50 fractures of the proximal femur in the elderly treated in our hands by this technique. There were 45 unstable fractures. At 6 months after surgery, only 68% of the patients discharged from the hospital were assessed. Intrahospitalary mortality reached 18%. Weight-bearing was allowed from the early postoperative period independently of the type of fracture. No mechanical failures were observed. Fracture repair was achieved in an average period of 10 months. The Gamma nail provides a good stability in unstable fractures of the proximal femur, allowining an early weight-bearing without mechanical failures. The patient's quality of life after fracture is therefore improved by using this method of internal fixation

Habilidades sociales en enfermería. El papel de la comunicación centrado en el familiar = Social skills in Nursing. The role of family-centred communication

Resumen: Debido a la importancia de las habilidades comunicativas entre los profesionales de enfermería y los familiares se procedió a la realización de una revisión bibliográfica. Objetivos. Determinar aquellas habilidades sociales para la comunicación en salud y conocer las estrategias verbales y no verbales para facilitar la comprensión y la relación con el familiar. Método. Estudio descriptivo transversal en el cual se realizó un revisión sobre estudios centrados en las habilidades comunicativas en enfermería y el familiar. Resultados. Se obtuvieron diversas habilidades y estrategias que fueron clasificadas en varias categorías, las cuales fueron las Habilidades para la comunicación en salud, las Estrategias para facilitar la comprensión y recordar los mensajes de salud y por último fueron los Gestos y posturas de los profesionales de enfermería. Este estudio concluyó refiriendo las habilidades, estrategias y gestos de los profesionales de enfermería más destacados para poder realizar una eficaz comunicación con los familiares, como lo pueden ser la empatía, el empleo de una información inteligible, clara y concisa y adecuada al nivel sociocultural del familiar, además de una entonación, volumen y ritmo de voz adecuados o la comunicación no verbal, como lo son las posturas corporales, expresión facial o la mirada. Palabras clave: Comunicación social, enfermería, familia Abstract: Because of the importance of communication skills between nurses and family proceeded to carry out a literature review. Objectives. Determine those social skills for health communication strategies and learn verbal and nonverbal to facilitate understanding and relationship with the family. Method. A descriptive transversal study in which there has been a review of studies focusing on communication skills in nursing and the family. Results. We obtained different skills and strategies that have been classified into several categories, which are the communication skills for health, strategies to facilitate comprehension and recall of health messages and finally are the gestures and postures of nurses. This study concludes referring to the skills, strategies and gestures of the most outstanding nurses to perform effective communication with family members, such as some empathy, the use of information intelligible, clear and concise and appropriate to the level of sociocultural family, as well as intonation, volume and pace appropriate voice or nonverbal communication, such as body posture, facial expression or gaze. Keywords: Social communication, nursing, famil

Solidaridad y humanismo: principios constitucionales para el anclaje de la igualdad

La doctrina constitucional afirma la conveniencia de que los derechos fundamentales formen parte del texto de la ley suprema. De este modo, existe un catálogo mínimo de derechos que la Constitución recoge y aspira a garantizar. Sin embargo, cuando la Constitución carece de la directriz del humanismo y la solidaridad, es previsible su ineficacia en la protección y aseguramiento de los derechos humanos, concretamente de la igualdad y la libertad.Universidad Politécnica de Valenci

BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in males with familial breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. Results of a Spanish multicenter study

Producción CientíficaMale breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease that represents <1 % of all breast cancers (BCs). We analyze the results of a multicenter study performed in Spanish familial MBC including family history of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOCS) and clinicopathological features. We also study the relationship between BRCA1/BRCA2 mutational status in male relatives affected with cancer (MAC) and, family history and tumor types. The study included 312 men index cases with family history of HBOCS and 61 MAC BRCA1/2 mutation-carriers. Family history, histological grade (HG), clinicopathological and immunohistochemistry data were collected. BRCA1/2 mutation analyses were performed by direct sequencing or screening methods and the large rearrangements by multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification. We found 49 mutation-carriers (15.7 %), 95.9 % with BRCA2 mutations. BRCA2 mutation-carriers were associated with families with at least one MBC and one BC in female (type II; p = 0.05). Strong association were found between the presence of pathogenic mutations in MBCs and the advanced HG (p = 0.003). c.658_659delTG, c.2808_2811delACAA, c.6275_6276delTT and c.9026_9030delATCAT were the most prevalent mutations. In 61 MAC we found 20 mutations in BRCA1 and 41 in BRCA2. For MAC we show that mutational status was differentially associated with family history (p = 0.018) and tumor type, being BRCA2 mutations linked with BC and prostatic cancer (p = 0.018). MBC caused by BRCA1/2 mutations define two types of MBCs. The most frequent caused by BRCA2 mutation linked to type II families and the rarest one attributed to BRCA1 mutation. Tumor associated with MAC suggest that only BRCA2 mutations have to do with a specific type of cancer (BC and prostatic cancer); but the linkage to tumors is questionable for BRCA1 mutations

Aprendizaje flexible y personalizado para atender la diversidad en el aula, mediante la gamificación, a través del uso integrado de un sistema virtual de respuesta en el aula para dispositivos móviles con acceso a internet y una aplicación de screencasting

Sección Deptal. de Farmacología y Toxicología (Veterinaria)Fac. de VeterinariaFALSEsubmitte

Incidence, clinical characteristics and management of inflammatory bowel disease in Spain: large-scale epidemiological study

(1) Aims: To assess the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Spain, to describe the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis and the evolution of the disease, and to explore the use of drug treatments. (2) Methods: Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD—Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified (IBD-U)—during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. (3) Results: We identified 3611 incident cases of IBD diagnosed during 2017 in 108 hospitals covering over 22 million inhabitants. The overall incidence (cases/100, 000 person-years) was 16 for IBD, 7.5 for CD, 8 for UC, and 0.5 for IBD-U; 53% of patients were male and median age was 43 years (interquartile range = 31–56 years). During a median 12-month follow-up, 34% of patients were treated with systemic steroids, 25% with immunomodulators, 15% with biologics and 5.6% underwent surgery. The percentage of patients under these treatments was significantly higher in CD than UC and IBD-U. Use of systemic steroids and biologics was significantly higher in hospitals with high resources. In total, 28% of patients were hospitalized (35% CD and 22% UC patients, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The incidence of IBD in Spain is rather high and similar to that reported in Northern Europe. IBD patients require substantial therapeutic resources, which are greater in CD and in hospitals with high resources, and much higher than previously reported. One third of patients are hospitalized in the first year after diagnosis and a relevant proportion undergo surgery. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain : Large-Scale Epidemiological Study

(1) Aims: To assess the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Spain, to describe the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis and the evolution of the disease, and to explore the use of drug treatments. (2) Methods: Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD-Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified (IBD-U)-during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. (3) Results: We identified 3611 incident cases of IBD diagnosed during 2017 in 108 hospitals covering over 22 million inhabitants. The overall incidence (cases/100,000 person-years) was 16 for IBD, 7.5 for CD, 8 for UC, and 0.5 for IBD-U; 53% of patients were male and median age was 43 years (interquartile range = 31-56 years). During a median 12-month follow-up, 34% of patients were treated with systemic steroids, 25% with immunomodulators, 15% with biologics and 5.6% underwent surgery. The percentage of patients under these treatments was significantly higher in CD than UC and IBD-U. Use of systemic steroids and biologics was significantly higher in hospitals with high resources. In total, 28% of patients were hospitalized (35% CD and 22% UC patients, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The incidence of IBD in Spain is rather high and similar to that reported in Northern Europe. IBD patients require substantial therapeutic resources, which are greater in CD and in hospitals with high resources, and much higher than previously reported. One third of patients are hospitalized in the first year after diagnosis and a relevant proportion undergo surgery

Correction : Chaparro et al. Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain: Large-Scale Epidemiological Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2885

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Tabula Imperii Romani

RESUMEN: El equipo que coordina desde el CEH del CSIC el proyecto TIR hace una valoración historiográfica, tanto de sus precedentes cartográficos, como de las vicisitudes por las que pasó el proyecto desde su puesta en marcha, a finales de los años veinte, hasta su relanzamiento en los ochenta. También se plantea las perspectivas del proyecto como instrumento de estudio del territorio.ABSTRACT: The Secretary of the Spanish Comitee of TIR makes an historiographic evaluation of its cartographic predecessors and of the evolution of the project since 1920 until today. It is also discussed the future of the project as an useful instrument for the study of the territory

La "Tabvla Imperii Romani": Antecedentes de un proyecto científico de documentación arqueológica

[ES] El equipo que coordina desde el CEH del CSIC el proyecto TIK hace una valoración historiográfica, tanto de.sus precedentes cartográficos, como de las vicisitudes por las que pasó el proyecto desde su puesta en marcha, a finales de los años veinte, hasta su relanzamiento rn los ochenta. También se plantea las perspectivas del proyecto como instrumento de estudio del territorio.[EN] The Secretary of the Spanish Committee of TIR makes an historiographic evaluation of its cartographic predecessors and of the evolution of the project since 1920 until today. It is also discussed the future of the project as an useful instrument for the study of the territory.Peer reviewe