Reseña

Obra ressenyada: I. MAYA JARIEGO, D. HOLGADO, J. L. MOLINA (Eds), 7 lecturas para iniciarse en al análisis de redes sociales. Una selección de REDES. Revista Hispana para el Análisis de Redes Sociales. Madrid: Bubok Publishing, 2014.En esta publicación, tenemos la oportunidad de leer en un solo documento varios artículos clásicos o de gran relevancia científica sobre las redes sociales, los cuales han sido traducidos al español en texto completo, y se han publicado en la Revista REDES en diferentes números. La claridad y calidad de estos artículos es esencial para comprender los fundamentos teóricos de muchos estudios sociales que nos permiten entender nuestra sociedad desde un punto de vista estructural. Este libro es un recurso de utilidad en contextos formativos, como material complementario en los cursos de introducción al análisis de redes sociales. Puede ser de interés para los estudiantes de grado y postgrado que se estén familiarizando con las redes sociales. A continuación revisamos el detalle de cada capítulo.In this publication, we have the opportunity to read in one document or several classics of great scientific importance on social networks articles, which have been translated into Spanish in full text, and published in the Journal NETWORKS different numbers. The clarity and quality of these items is essential to understand the theoretical foundations of many social studies help us understand our society from a structural point of view. This book is a useful resource in learning contexts, as supplementary material in introductory courses in social network analysis. It may be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students who are familiar with social networking. Here we review the details of each chapter

El litisconsorcio necesario

Fil: Palacio, Lino Enrique. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Derecho. Cátedra Derecho Procesal I. Buenos Aires, Argentin

OFAR-CM: Efficient Dragonfly networks with simple congestion management

Dragonfly networks are appealing topologies for large-scale Data center and HPC networks, that provide high throughput with low diameter and moderate cost. However, they are prone to congestion under certain frequent traffic patterns that saturate specific network links. Adaptive non-minimal routing can be used to avoid such congestion. That kind of routing employs longer paths to circumvent local or global congested links. However, if a distance-based deadlock avoidance mechanism is employed, more Virtual Channels (VCs) are required, what increases design complexity and cost. OFAR (On-the-Fly Adaptive Routing) is a previously proposed routing that decouples VCs from deadlock avoidance, making local and global misrouting affordable. However, the severity of congestion with OFAR is higher, as it relies on an escape sub network with low bisection bandwidth. Additionally, OFAR allows for unlimited misroutings on the escape sub network, leading to unbounded paths in the network and long latencies. In this paper we propose and evaluate OFAR-CM, a variant of OFAR combined with a simple congestion management (CM) mechanism which only relies on local information, specifically the credit count of the output ports in the local router. With simple escape sub networks such as a Hamiltonian ring or a tree, OFAR outperforms former proposals with distance-based deadlock avoidance. Additionally, although long paths are allowed in theory, in practice packets arrive at their destination in a small number of hops. Altogether, OFAR-CM constitutes the first practicable mechanism to the date that supports both local and global misrouting in Dragonfly networks.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement n. ERC-2012-Adg-321253- RoMoL, the Spanish Ministry of Science under contracts TIN2010-21291-C02-02, TIN2012-34557, and by the European HiPEAC Network of Excellence. M. García participated in this work while affiliated with the University of Cantabria.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Network unfairness in dragonfly topologies

Dragonfly networks arrange network routers in a two-level hierarchy, providing a competitive cost-performance solution for large systems. Non-minimal adaptive routing (adaptive misrouting) is employed to fully exploit the path diversity and increase the performance under adversarial traffic patterns. Network fairness issues arise in the dragonfly for several combinations of traffic pattern, global misrouting and traffic prioritization policy. Such unfairness prevents a balanced use of the resources across the network nodes and degrades severely the performance of any application running on an affected node. This paper reviews the main causes behind network unfairness in dragonflies, including a new adversarial traffic pattern which can easily occur in actual systems and congests all the global output links of a single router. A solution for the observed unfairness is evaluated using age-based arbitration. Results show that age-based arbitration mitigates fairness issues, especially when using in-transit adaptive routing. However, when using source adaptive routing, the saturation of the new traffic pattern interferes with the mechanisms employed to detect remote congestion, and the problem grows with the network size. This makes source adaptive routing in dragonflies based on remote notifications prone to reduced performance, even when using age-based arbitration.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Osciloscopio de bajo coste

Aquest projecte final de carrera, realitza l’estudi, el disseny i la implamentació d’un oscil·loscopi de memòria digital de baix cost i la seva comunicació amb un PC, mitjançant el sistema de comunicació serie universal USB. Comentar cada un dels estudis, els errors apareguts durant el disseny i la implamentació del projecte, així com, establir una comparació amb els oscil·loscopis que hi ha al mercat. El resultat es difondrà en forma de memòria i amb la creació d’un DVD. En aquest document s’inclou tot tipus d’informació, tant la recopilada com els coneixaments adquirits gràcies a aquest projecte. S’inclouen totes les decisions preses durant la seva construcción, els canvis que s’han anat veient necessaris mentre s’ha anat realitzant i, també, com ha ant evolucionant fins la seva finalització

Best practices and experiences of the facilitators of the program “Edúcame Primero Colombia” for prevention of Child Labor in Barranquilla. Sustainaibility, community fit and improvement of the implementation

Los “Espacios para Crecer” y el “Baúl de Juegos” son dos prácticas educativas basadas en la evidencia que se han mostrado efectivas en la prevención del trabajo infantil. La iniciativa “Edúcame Primero, Colombia” consistió en aplicar las actividades lúdicas, educativas y de desarrollo psicológico con menores trabajadores a través de una red de facilitadores. La introducción de esta innovación, de carácter comunitario, mejoró la pertinencia de los materiales educativos y la implementación del programa. Los mediadores comunitarios facilitaron la implicación de las madres en las actividades preventivas, mejorando la conexión entre las familias y los centros educativos. También fortalecieron la implementación, involucrando al profesorado y mejorando el ajuste comunitario del programa a la institución educativa. A lo largo de la intervención, los facilitadores desarrollaron un mecanismo informal de trabajo en red, que facilitó el intercambio de buenas prácticas y la adaptación del programa a las peculiaridades de cada contexto comunitario. La experiencia muestra cómo las estrategias de ajuste comunitario en este caso no sólo mejoran la implementación y la efectividad del programa, sino que contribuyen a su sostenibilidad.Edúcame Primero, Colombia is an evidence-based practice implemented in a network of schools and neighborhoods for preventing child labor. The intervention consists of academic orientation, socialization among peers and personal development activities, which are usually applied in academic institutions following the instructions of the educational materials of the program. These set of activities are shown to be effective in previous applications of the program in 172 schools from Barranquilla, Cartagena and Santa Marta. The intervention is effective improving academic performance and reducing absenteeism at school. There is also evidence of an impact in the number of hours of child labor, as well as the number of children doing some labor activities. During the implementation of the program, a group of psychology graduate students was selected to coordinate the activities in each school participating in the intervention. Each student was assigned to a particular school and adopted the role of “facilitator”, adjusting the program to the specifics of the context. The main task assigned to facilitators was to apply the educational materials of the program. However, during implementation they negotiated with the principal and teachers of the school, they were in contact with the families of children participating in the program, and they informally assumed a broker role between the school, the families and the neighborhood community organizations where the intervention was taking place. These activities were not originally planned in the program, but finally revealed to be essential for the successful implementation of the program. Facilitators assumed an unanticipated role of improving community adjustment of the intervention, adapting the program to the diversity of community contexts and schools

Banca ética y banca cooperativa. Un análisis comparativo a través del estudio de Caixa Popular y de Fiare Banca Ética

Social banks now represent an alternative to conventional banking, especially for those customers who demand a socially responsible consumption. Social banking consists of two different types of credit institutions: cooperative banks and ethical banks. The first are active since more than a century through a proximity banking model focused on the territory. The latter have three decades approximately operation, addressing the realization of socially responsible investment (social and environmental projects). In this paper the similarities and differences between the two models of social banking are analyzed by conducting a consistent analysis of cases in a comparative study between the credit union Caixa Popular and the ethical bank Fiare Banca Etica. The analysis concludes that both social banking models are based on a participatory and democratic system in which employees and customers are actively involved in their operation and both contribute to financial inclusion. Instead, the cooperative banking model is a model based on community banking and direct customer relations through bank branches, while the model of ethical banking is based on electronic banking with few branches.Los bancos sociales representan en la actualidad una alternativa a la banca convencional, sobre todo para aquellos clientes que demandan un consumo socialmente responsable. La banca social está formada por dos tipos diferentes de entidades de crédito: los bancos cooperativos y los bancos éticos. Los primeros desarrollan su actividad desde hace ya más de un siglo a través de un modelo de banca de proximidad enfocada al territorio. Los segundos llevan tres décadas aproximadamente de funcionamiento, dirigiéndose a la realización de inversiones socialmente responsables (proyectos sociales y medioambientales). En el presente trabajo se analizan las similitudes y diferencias entre ambos modelos de banca social mediante la realización de un ánalisis de casos consistente en un estudio comparativo entre la cooperativa de crédito Caixa Popular y el banco ético Fiare Banca Ética. Del análisis se concluye que ambos modelos de banca social se basan en un sistema democrático y participativo en el que trabajadores y clientes participan activamente en su funcionamiento y ambos contribuyen a la inclusión financiera. En cambio, el modelo de la banca cooperativa es un modelo de proximidad basado en el trato personalizado y directo al cliente a través de las oficinas bancarias, mientras que el modelo de banca ética está basado en la banca electrónica con escasas sucursales

Redes sociales personales y calidad de vida en personas desplazadas por violencia política : el caso de Barranquilla (Colombia)

Se pretendía indagar la relación entre las redes sociales personales de los desplazados por violencia política y su calidad de vida en salud, lo cual podía modificarse con el tiempo de llegada al asentamiento - menos de tres meses y más de un año. Se esperaba observar si a mayor densidad en la red personal, se encontrarían bajos niveles en la calidad de vida de los desplazados, lo cual unido a otros factores sociales reduciría su sentido de comunidad y capacidad de adaptación. La muestra se tomó en Pinar del Río (periferia de Barranquilla - Colombia), con 19 personas seleccionadas por muestreo en bola de nieve (8 hombres, 11 mujeres con edades entre 27 y 61 años). Respondieron un cuestionario sobre Calidad de Vida en Salud (SF-36) (McHorney et al., 1994), y el Arizona Social Support Interview Schedule (ASSIS) de Barrera (1980, citado por Araya y Maya, 2005). Los resultados mostraron que no existen correlaciones significativas entre los que Llegan y los Asentados en las variables de estudio, pero se encontró evidencia que la calidad de vida en su dimensión de salud física, es menor en los desplazados que llevan más de un año en el asentamiento, con respecto a los que tienen menos de tres meses.This article is based on a research that explored the relations between the Personal Social Network of people who have been displaced because of political violence and their Quality of Life in Health. These relations can be modified by the time of being in the new place of refuge - less than three months and more of one year. The hypothesis looked for if to greater density of the Personal Social Network of displaced people the Quality of Life in Health was low, which together with other social factors would reduce their Sense of community and capacity of adaptation. The data were collected in Pinar del Río (periphery of Barranquilla - Colombia), with 19 people selected in snow ball sample (8 men, 11 women, between 27 and 61 years). They responded to a questionnaire on Quality of Life in Health (Sf-36) (McHorney et al., 1994), and the Arizona Social Support Interview Schedule (ASSIS) of Barrera (1980, cited by Araya and Maya, 2005). The results do not show significant correlation between the time of refuge with the study variables, but it was observed that the Quality of Life, in its dimension of physic health, is smaller in displaced people with more of one year in the new place of refuge, with respect to displaced people who have less than three months in the new place of refuge

S-SMART++: A Low-Latency NoC Leveraging Speculative Bypass Requests

Many-core processors demand scalable, efficient and low latency NoCs. Bypass routers are an affordable solution to attain low latency in relatively simple topologies like the mesh. SMART improves on traditional bypass routers implementing multi-hop bypass which reduces the importance of the distance between pairs of nodes. Nevertheless, the conservative buffer reallocation policy of SMART requires a large number of Virtual Channels (VCs) to offer high performance, penalizing its implementation cost. Besides, SMART zero-load latency values highly depend on HPC Max HPCMax, the maximum number of hops that can be jumped per cycle. In this article, we present Speculative-SMART++ (S-SMART++), with two mechanisms that significantly improve multi-hop bypass. First, zero-load latency is reduced by speculatively setting consecutive multi-hops. Second, the inefficient buffer reallocation policy of SMART is reduced by combining multi-packet buffers, Non-Empty Buffer Bypass and per-packet allocation. These proposals are evaluated using functional simulation, with synthetic and real loads, and synthesis tools. S-SMART++ does not need VCs to obtain the performance of SMART with 8 VCs, reducing notably logic resources and dynamic power. Additionally, S-SMART++ reduces the base-latency of SMART by at least 29.2 percent, even when using the biggest HPC Max HPCMax possibleThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, FPI grant BES2017-079971, the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under contracts TIN2016-76635-C2-2-R (AEI/FEDER, UE) and TIC PID2019-105660RB-C22, and the European HiPEAC Network of Excellence. The Mont-Blanc project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 671697

Libre desarrollo de la personalidad en cambio de nombre a persona por segunda vez en Colombia.

Se trata de establecer en el presente estudio, los precedentes jurídicos expresados por la Corte Constitucional, en la que permite el cambio de nombre a las personas por segunda vez, muy a pesar de estar establecido en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano, que tal situación solo procede por una sola vez; en tanto la Corte decreta la inaplicación de un norma legal, con el Decreto 1260 de 1970, dándole paso triunfal a la singularidad de cada proyecto de vida individualmente considerado, desde la óptica de los derechos fundamentales estatuidos en la Carta del 91 y el libre desarrollo de la personalidad institucionalizado en el Artículo 16 de la norma superior