Effect of Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera) Ksharajala over Recurrent Ganglion Cyst of Great Toe - Case Report

Ganglion cysts are cystic swelling occurring in relation to tendon sheath or synovial sheath or joint capsule containing clear gel like fluid. They usually occur at the dorsum of wrist (Near scaphoid-lunate articulation), flexor aspect of wrist and occasionally around ankle joint. Its occurrence in the great toe is rare. The condition is managed by injecting sclerosing agent like hyaluronidase or by excision. In Ayurveda, swellings are usually compared to Granthi but it is difficult to corelate ganglion cyst to a particular type of Granthi. In this case study, a 52-year-old male patient reported to the outpatient Department of Shalya Tantra SDMCAH, Hassan, with repeated complaints of swelling in plantar aspect of great toe with occasional tingling and numbness every month. The swelling was diagnosed as ganglion cyst. Excision of swelling followed by Apamarga Ksharajala was done. No reoccurrence of cyst along with relief in clinical manifestations was the outcome. Therefore, this case report proposes an innovative treatment modality for management of ganglion cyst and the observation made here would be useful for organizing future clinical trials

Barcoding of Asian seabass across its geographic range provides evidence for its bifurcation into two distinct species

Asian seabass or barramundi (Lates calcarifer) is an important food fish with commercial value and a wide geographic distribution. Though some reports based on molecular and/or morphological data exist, a comprehensive effort to establish species identity across its range is lacking. In order to address this issue and especially to ascertain whether the wide-spread distribution has resulted in bifurcation of the species, we collected Asian seabass samples from various locations representing the Western and Eastern Coastline of India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bangladesh and Australia. Samples from Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore were collected as part of a previous study. DNA sequence variations, including cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), 16S rDNA and the highly variable D-loop (or control region), were examined to establish species delineation. Data from all the sequences analyzed concordantly point to the existence of at least two distinct species—one representing the Indian subcontinent plus Myanmar, and a second, representing Southeast Asia (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia) plus Northern Australia. These data are useful for conservation ecology, aquaculture management, for establishing the extent of genetic diversity in the Asian seabass and implementing selective breeding programs for members of this species complex

Chromosomal-level assembly of the Asian Seabass genome using long sequence reads and multi-layered scaffolding

We report here the ~670 Mb genome assembly of the Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), a tropical marine teleost. We used long-read sequencing augmented by transcriptomics, optical and genetic mapping along with shared synteny from closely related fish species to derive a chromosome-level assembly with a contig N50 size over 1 Mb and scaffold N50 size over 25 Mb that span ~90% of the genome. The population structure of L. calcarifer species complex was analyzed by re-sequencing 61 individuals representing various regions across the species' native range. SNP analyses identified high levels of genetic diversity and confirmed earlier indications of a population stratification comprising three clades with signs of admixture apparent in the South-East Asian population. The quality of the Asian seabass genome assembly far exceeds that of any other fish species, and will serve as a new standard for fish genomics

Breast Lump Assessment: An IoT-Integrated Framework with Advanced Localization Techniques

Internet of Things (IoT) influences many areas such as healthcare, transportation, agriculture, industry control, environment monitoring, and water management. Healthcare is a major area in which the IoT enables a more personalized form of healthcare through smart healthcare systems. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women globally, and its incidence is increasing every year. Early-stage detection of breast cancer is an important research challenge in the medical field. The aim of this article is to design an IoT - Integrated framework with advanced localization techniques for breast lump assessment. Through the proposed framework, breast lumps are monitored periodically using sensor embedded wearable jacket. The lump position and its depth in the breast are evaluated using localization techniques in sensor organization. Model outcome is analysed for six periodic tests data. Results evidence that periodic monitoring of breast health using the designed framework is effective to fix abnormal lumps at the early stage

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Not AvailableSplitting of the genus Penaeus sensu lato into six new genera based on morphological features alone has been controversial in penaeid shrimp taxonomy. Several studies focused on building phylogenetic relations among the genera of Penaeus sensu lato. However, they lack in utilizing full mitochondrial DNA genome of shrimp representing all the six controversial genera. For the first time, the present study targeted the testing of all the six genera of Penaeus sensu lato for phylogenetic relations utilizing complete mitochondrial genome sequence. In addition, the study reports for the first time about the complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequence of Fenneropenaeus indicus, an important candidate species in aquaculture and fisheries, and utilized it for phylogenomics. The maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches were deployed to generate and comprehend the phylogenetic relationship among the shrimp in the suborder, Dendrobranchiata. The phylogenetic relations established with limited taxon sampling considered in the study pointed to the monophyly of Penaeus sensu lato and suggested collapsing of the new genera to a single genus. Further, trends in mitogenome-wide estimates of average amino acid identity in the order Decapoda and the genus Penaeus sensu lato supported restoration of the old genus, Penaeus, rather promoting the creation of new genera.Not Availabl

Assessment for Effective Lecture on Knowledge Retention towards Student Learning with Web-based Educational Tools

This study assessed the effective lecture for knowledge retention towards student learning. The survey involved 42 university students (fourth year in Chemical Engineering and Sustainability Energy Department, UNIMAS) where all of them were tested before and after the class through a 10 questions quiz as assessment. From this quiz assessment, only 50% (21 students) of the students managed to answer at least 7 questions correctly before the lecture was delivered. After delivering lecture, 100% (42 students) of the students managed to answer 10 questions correctly. However, after four weeks, only 90% (38 students) of the students managed to score 10 questions correctly due to short knowledge retention

Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth

It is a common knowledge that a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of the internal anatomy of teeth is imperative to ensure successful root canal treatment. The significance of canal anatomy has been emphasized by studies demonstrating that variations in canal geometry before cleaning, shaping, and obturation procedures had a greater effect on the outcome than the techniques themselves. In recent years, significant technological advances for imaging teeth, such as CBCT and micro-CT, respectively, have been introduced. Their noninvasive nature allows to perform in vivo anatomical studies using large populations to address the influence of several variables such as ethnicity, aging, gender, and others, on the root canal anatomy, as well as to evaluate, quantitatively and/or qualitatively, specific and fine anatomical features of a tooth group. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the morphological aspects of the root canal anatomy published in the literature of all groups of teeth and illustrate with three-dimensional images acquired from micro-CT technology.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluation of the anesthetic effect of epinephrine-free articaine and mepivacaine through quantitative sensory testing

INTRODUCTION: Long lasting anesthesia of the soft tissue beyond the dental treatment affects patients in daily routine. Therefore a sophisticated local anesthesia is needed. The purpose of this study was an evaluation of the clinical use of epinephrine-free local anesthetic solutions in routine short-time dental treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective, single-blind, non-randomized and controlled clinical trial, 31 patients (16 male, 15 female patients) undergoing short-time dental treatment under local anesthesia (plain solutions of articaine 4% and mepivacaine 3%) in area of maxillary canine were tested with quantitative sensory testing QST. Paired-Wilcoxon-testing (signed-rank-test) and Mc Nemar tests have been used for statistical results. RESULTS: Significant differences in all tested parameters to the time of measurements were found. Mepivacaine showed a significantly stronger impact for the whole period of measurement (128 min) on thermal and mechanical test parameters and to the associated nerve fibers. CONCLUSION: Plain articaine shows a faster onset of action associated with a shorter time of activity in comparison to plain mepivacaine. In addition to this articaine shows a significant low-graded effect on the tested nerve-fibers and therefore a least affected anesthesia to the patient. The clinical use of an epinephrine-free anesthetic solution can be stated as possible option in short dental routine treatments to the frequently used vasoconstrictor containing local anesthetics. Patients may benefit from shorter numbness

Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study

Background Stratifying risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery allows clinicians to modify risk through targeted interventions and enhanced monitoring. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate prognostic models against a new consensus definition of postoperative pulmonary complications. Methods We did a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. The systematic review was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched MEDLINE and Embase on March 1, 2020, for articles published in English that reported on risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. External validation of existing models was done within a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Data were collected between Jan 1, 2019, and April 30, 2019, in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. Discriminative ability and prognostic accuracy summary statistics were compared between models for the 30-day postoperative pulmonary complication rate as defined by the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine Core Outcome Measures in Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (StEP-COMPAC). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). Findings In total, we identified 2903 records from our literature search; of which, 2514 (86·6%) unique records were screened, 121 (4·8%) of 2514 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 29 unique prognostic models were identified. Nine (31·0%) of 29 models had score development reported only, 19 (65·5%) had undergone internal validation, and only four (13·8%) had been externally validated. Data to validate six eligible models were collected in the international external validation cohort study. Data from 11 591 patients were available, with an overall postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 7·8% (n=903). None of the six models showed good discrimination (defined as AUROCC ≥0·70) for identifying postoperative pulmonary complications, with the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score showing the best discrimination (AUROCC 0·700 [95% CI 0·683–0·717]). Interpretation In the pre-COVID-19 pandemic data, variability in the risk of pulmonary complications (StEP-COMPAC definition) following major abdominal surgery was poorly described by existing prognostication tools. To improve surgical safety during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery and beyond, novel risk stratification tools are required. Funding British Journal of Surgery Society