Síntesis y caracterización de β-tiociclodextrina

Traballo Fin de Grao en Química. Curso 2015-2016Las ciclodextrinas (CDs) oligosacáridos cíclicos. La superficie exterior es hidrofílica, porque la mayoría de los grupos hidrofílicos están hacia el exterior, consiguiendo una buena solubilidad en agua. La cavidad interna es relativamente apolar, y puede encapsular compuestos no polares con las dimensiones apropiadas, ocurriendo la unión a través de diversas interacciones no polares. Esta unión se conoce como complejación “host-guest” (complejos de inclusión). En este trabajo se estudiarán los cambios que pueden ocurrir en las propiedades de la β-tiociclodextrina (siete unidades de glucosa), solamente sustituyendo el hidroxilo del C-6 de una de las unidades de glucosa por un grupo tioéter mediante una síntesis en dos etapasAs ciclodextrinas (CDs) son oligosacáridos cíclicos. A superficie exterior é hidrofílica, porque a maioría dos grupos hidrofílicos están cara ó exterior, conseguindo unha boa solubilidade na auga. A cavidade interna é relativamente apolar, e pode encapsular compostos non polares coas dimensións apropiadas, ocorrendo a unión a través de diversas interaccións non polares. Esta unión coñécese como complexación “host-guest” (complexos de inclusión). Neste traballo estudiarase os cambios que poden ocorrer nas propiedades da β-tiociclodextrina (sete unidades de glucosa), só substituíndo o hidroxilo do C-6 dunha das unidades de glucosa por un grupo tioéter mediante unha síntese en dúas etapasCyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides. The outer surface is hydrophilic, because the majority of the hydroxyl groups project outward, resulting in good water solubility. The internal cavity is relatively nonpolar, and it can be encapsulated nonpolar solutes of appropriate dimensions, with binding occurring through various nonpolar interactions. Such binding is known as host-guest complexation. On this work it will study changes that may occur on β-ciclodextrine (seven units of glucose), only substituting the C-6 hydroxyl of one of the units of glucose by a thioether group using a two-step synthesi

Service-learning - Diagnostic technologies presented by Ph.D. students to help socially neglected people during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

[EN] Innovation is becoming a fundamental part of many sectors and environments, including universities, not only regarding their research but also how education is approached. In this line, one of the ways to achieve these objectives is based on a collaboration between society, which presents a need to be solved, and the University. This society-university integration is achievable via the Service-Learning methodology (SLM), which has always been based on establishing strong links between the educational world and society. This paper presents a SLM-based project linked to technological development for the health sector during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Specifically, undergraduate chemistry students, and Ph.D. students led by professors have presented part of their technological developments to people in society who are at risk of exclusion to help them understand aspects of infection as well as diagnosis of diseases. In short, the objective is to transfer in an enjoyable fashion, a set of technological developments and knowledge that can help society understand aspects related to the COVID-19 pandemic.This work has been carried out with the financial support of the SL UCM 2018/19_16 and SL UCM 2019/21_14 project and the Madrid City Council.Torrecilla, J.; Cancilla, J.; Pradana López, S.; Pérez Calabuig, A.; Izquierdo, M.; García Rodríguez, Y.; Reyes Ramirez, E.... (2021). Service-learning - Diagnostic technologies presented by Ph.D. students to help socially neglected people during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. En 7th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd'21). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1141-1147. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd21.2021.13056OCS1141114

Analysis of the prognostic role of an immune checkpoint score in resected non-small cell lung cancer patients

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Oncoimmunology on 2017, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/2162402X.2016.1260214[EN] Tumors develop mechanisms to recruit tolerogenic immune cells and to induce the expression of molecules that act as immune checkpoints. This regulation of the immune microenvironment favors immune tolerance to the neoplastic cells. In this study, we have investigated the prognostic role of immune-checkpoint expression markers in a cohort of resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. RNA was isolated from fresh-frozen lung specimens (tumor and normal lung) (n = 178). RTqPCR was performed to analyze the relative expression of 20 immune-related genes that were normalized by the use of endogenous genes selected by GeNorm algorithm. Patients with higher expression levels of IL23A and LGALS2 presented better outcomes. In the clustering expression patterns, we observed that patients with higher expression of immunoregulatory genes had better survival rates. Additionally, these data were used to develop a gene expression score. Since CTLA4 and PD1 were associated with prognosis based on Cox regression analysis (Z-score > 1.5), a multivariate model including these two genes was created. Absolute regression coefficients from this analysis were used in order to calculate the immunecheckpoint score: (PD1 x 0.116) + (CTLA4 x 0.059) for each case. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high immune-checkpoint score have longer overall survival (OS) [NR vs. 40.4 mo, p = 0.008] and longer relapse-free survival (RFS) [82.6 vs. 23 mo, p = 0.009]. Multivariate analysis in the entire cohort indicated that the immune-checkpoint score was an independent biomarker of prognosis for OS [HR: 0.308; 95% CI, 0.156-0.609; p = 0.001] and RFS [HR: 0.527; 95% CI, 0.298-0.933; p = 0.028] in early-stage NSCLC patients. In conclusion, this score provides relevant prognostic information for a better characterization of early stage NSCLS patients with strikingly different outcomes and who may be candidates for immune-based therapies.This work was supported by the Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Cancer (RD12/0036/0025) and the Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (PI09/01147, PI09/01149 and PI12/02838)Usó, M.; Jantus-Lewintre, E.; Calabuig-Farinas, S.; Blasco, A.; Garcia Del Olmo, E.; Guijarro, R.; Martorell, M.... (2017). Analysis of the prognostic role of an immune checkpoint score in resected non-small cell lung cancer patients. Oncoimmunology (Online). 6(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/2162402X.2016.1260214S1106

Muscle Recovery after a Single Bout of Functional Fitness Training

Background: Functional fitness training (FFT) is a new exercise modality that targets functional multi-joint actions via both muscle-strengthening exercises and aerobic training intervals. The aim of the study was to examine muscle recovery over a 20 min period after an FFT workout in trained adults. Materials and methods: Participants were 28 healthy trained subjects. In a single session, a countermovement jump (CMJ) was performed to determine several mechanical variables (jump height, maximum velocity, power) before (preFFT) and 4, 10, and 20 min after the FFT workout (postFFT). In parallel, capillary blood lactate concentrations were measured pre- and 3 min postFFT. Heart rate was also measured before and after the workout, and perceived exertion was measured postFFT. Results: Significant differences between the time points preFFT and 4 min and 10 min postFFT, respectively, were produced in jump height (p = 0.022, p = 0.034), maximum velocity (p = 0.016, p = 0.005), average power relative (p = 0.018, p = 0.049), and average power total (p = 0.025, p = 0.049). No differences were observed in any of the variables recorded preFFT and 20 min postFFT. Conclusions: While mechanical variables indicating muscle fatigue were reduced 4 and 10 min postFFT, pre-exercise jump ability only really started to recover 20 min after FFT although not reaching pre-exercise levels. This means that ideally intervals of around 20 min of rest should be implemented between training bouts.Sección Deptal. de Radiología, Rehabilitación y Fisioterapia (Enfermería)Fac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y PodologíaTRUEAlfonso X el Sabio University Foundationpu

Imported cysticercosis in Spain: A retrospective case series from the +REDIVI Collaborative Network

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic neurological disease worldwide and a major cause of epilepsy. Spain is the country reporting the highest number of NCC imported cases in Europe. Retrospective case series of NCC patients registered in the +REDIVI Network from October 1, 2009 to July 2018. A specific questionnaire, including clinical and diagnostic characteristics, was created and sent to the collaborator centers. 46 cases were included in the analysis. 55% were male, mean age of 40 years. 95.6% were migrants. The median duration since migration from an endemic area was 10 years. Predominant nationalities were Ecuadorians (50%) and Bolivians (30.4%). Frequent locations were parenchymal (87%), subarachnoid (26.1%) and intraventricular cysts (10.9%). Serological analysis was performed in 91.3%, being 54.8% positive. Most prevalent clinical manifestations were persistent headache (60.9%), epilepsy (43.5%) and visual changes (13%). Patients were mainly treated with albendazole (76.1%), corticosteroids (67.4%), and anticonvulsionants (52.2%). 82.5% had a favorable clinical outcome. Most NCC cases were long-standing migrants. Few clinical differences were observed depending on the cysticerci location. The treatment was often not according to current recommendations, and no uniform criteria were followed when it came to the therapeutic regimen. NCC case management in Spain (including clinician awareness and laboratory capacity improvements) needs to be strengthened.We would thanks María Jesús Perteguer from the National Center of Microbiology for the information and update on NCC lab techniques currently performed in Spain. The corresponding author’s affiliation centre belongs to the ISCIII-Sub. Gral. Redes- Network Biomedical Research on Tropical Diseases (RICET in Spanish) grant RD16CIII/0003/0001, RD16/0027/0020, RD16CIII/0003/0001 and the European Regional Development Fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.S

Canary islands loggerhead esntanglement hotspot: applying standard protocols on historical databases

41st International Sea Turtle Symposium, Cartagena (Colombia), March 2023N

Comprehensive cross-platform comparison of methods for non-invasive EGFR mutation testing : results of the RING observational trial.

Abstract Several platforms for noninvasive EGFR testing are currently used in the clinical setting with sensitivities ranging from 30% to 100%. Prospective studies evaluating agreement and sources for discordant results remain lacking. Herein, seven methodologies including two next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methods, three high-sensitivity PCR-based platforms, and two FDA-approved methods were compared using 72 plasma samples, from EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients progressing on a first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). NGS platforms as well as high-sensitivity PCR-based methodologies showed excellent agreement for EGFR-sensitizing mutations (K = 0.80-0.89) and substantial agreement for T790M testing (K = 0.77 and 0.68, respectively). Mutant allele frequencies (MAFs) obtained by different quantitative methods showed an excellent reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.86-0.98). Among other technical factors, discordant calls mostly occurred at mutant allele frequencies (MAFs) ≤ 0.5%. Agreement significantly improved when discarding samples with MAF ≤ 0.5%. EGFR mutations were detected at significantly lower MAFs in patients with brain metastases, suggesting that these patients risk for a false-positive result. Our results support the use of liquid biopsies for noninvasive EGFR testing and highlight the need to systematically report MAFs. Keywords: NGS; circulating free DNA; epidermal growth factor receptor; non-small-cell lung cancer; osimertinib; tyrosine kinase inhibitor

Imported malaria in Spain (2009-2016) : results from the +REDIVI Collaborative Network

Imported malaria is a frequent diagnosis in travellers and migrants. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with imported malaria within a Spanish collaborative network registering imported diseases (+REDIVI). In addition, the possible association between malaria and type of case, gender, age or area of exposure was explored. Cases of imported malaria were identified among all cases registered in the +REDIVI database during the period October 2009-October 2016. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analysed. In total, 11,816 cases of imported infectious diseases were registered in +REDIVI's database between October 2009 and October 2016. Immigrants seen for the first time after migration accounted for 60.2% of cases, 21.0% of patients were travellers, and 18.8% were travellers/immigrants visiting friends and relatives (VFRs). There were 850 cases of malaria (850/11,816, 7.2%). Malaria was significantly more frequent in men than in women (56.8% vs 43.2%) and in VFR-immigrants (52.6%) as compared to travellers (21.3%), immigrants (20.7%) and VFR-travellers (5.4%) (p < 0.001). Although this data was not available for most patients with malaria, only a minority (29/217, 13.4%) mentioned correct anti-malarial prophylaxis. Sub-Saharan Africa was found to be the most common region of acquisition of malaria. Most common reason for consultation after travel was a febrile syndrome although an important proportion of immigrants were asymptomatic and presented only for health screening (27.3%). Around 5% of travellers presented with severe malaria. The most prevalent species of Plasmodium diagnosed was Plasmodium falciparum (81.5%). Malaria due to Plasmodium ovale/Plasmodium vivax was frequent among travellers (17%) and nearly 5% of all malaria cases in immigrants were caused by Plasmodium malariae. Malaria was among the five most frequent diagnoses registered in +REDIVI's database. Some significant differences were found in the distribution of malaria according to gender, type of case, species. Among all malaria cases, the most frequent diagnosis was P. falciparum infection in VFR-immigrant men

One-year breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlates of protection in fully vaccinated hematological patients

The long-term clinical efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines according to antibody response in immunosuppressed patients such as hematological patients has been little explored. A prospective multicenter registry-based cohort study conducted from December 2020 to July 2022 by the Spanish Transplant and Cell Therapy group, was used to analyze the relationship of antibody response over time after full vaccination (at 3-6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months) (2 doses) and of booster doses with breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in 1551 patients with hematological disorders. At a median follow-up of 388 days after complete immunization, 266 out of 1551 (17%) developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection at median of 86 days (range 7-391) after full vaccination. The cumulative incidence was 18% [95% confidence interval (C.I.), 16-20%]. Multivariate analysis identified higher incidence in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients (29%) and with the use of corticosteroids (24.5%), whereas female sex (15.5%) and more than 1 year after last therapy (14%) were associated with a lower incidence (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Median antibody titers at different time points were significantly lower in breakthrough cases than in non-cases. A serological titer cut-off of 250 BAU/mL was predictive of breakthrough infection and its severity. SARS-CoV-2 infection-related mortality was encouragingly low (1.9%) in our series. Our study describes the incidence of and risk factors for COVID-19 breakthrough infections during the initial vaccination and booster doses in the 2021 to mid-2022 period. The level of antibody titers at any time after 2-dose vaccination is strongly linked with protection against both breakthrough infection and severe disease, even with the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant